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Topic: Memory consolidation

Related Topics

Episodic memory

Memory

Hippocampus

Recollection

Amnesia

Anterograde amnesia

Temporal lobe

Place cell

Brain

Biology

Hippocampus

	Wikinfo \| Memory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Memory is one of the activities of the human mind, much studied by cognitive psychology.
		Sensory memory is characterized by the duration of memory retention from miliseconds to seconds and short-term memory from seconds to minutes.
		The definition of working memory, which is erroneously used as a synonym of short-term memory, is based on not only the duration of memory retention but also the way how it is used in daily life activities.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=memory (823 words)

	MIT Department of Biology: Susumu Tonegawa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Remote memory (very long term memory) is thought to be stored in the cortex and, once stored, its maintenance and retrieval are thought to be independent of the integrity of the hippocampus.
		To study the relationships between synaptic structure and function in the cortex and consolidation of long-term memory, we have generated transgenic mice in which catalytic activity of PAK, a critical regulator of actin remodeling, is inhibited in the postnatal forebrain.
		However, when the memory of the location of the hidden platform was tested following removal of three of the four major extramaze cues (partial cue conditions), the mutants exhibited a clear deficit of retrieval compared to the control animals.
	web.mit.edu /biology/www/facultyareas/facresearch/tonegawa.shtml (1858 words)

	Memory Consolidation and REM Sleep
		In other words, memories which we don't think about from day to day are relived during REM sleep (in the form of dreams) so that we can remember them when needed (4).
		The mechanism which allows this type of memory consolidation to occur during REM sleep may be found in the hippocampus, a region of the brain with a well-established link to declarative memory (5).
		Proponents of dynamic stabilization argue that because theta waves occur continually during REM sleep, REM sleep is involved in the memory consolidation process (4).
	serendip.brynmawr.edu /bb/neuro/neuro98/202s98-paper2/Miller2.html (1396 words)

	MemoryZine- The Source for Memory Health and Fitness Improvement
		Memory attitude manipulation—A behavior that corrects your misimpressions of memory performance and that fosters a realistic approach to memory tasks.
		Memory contrivance—A portrayal of someone else's memory performance as better or worse than it actually was in order to achieve certain social goals.
		Memory role expectations—Memory tasks customarily expected of individuals in certain relationships (e.g., knowledge that people of a certain occupation are expected to know).
	www.memoryzine.com /glossary.html (5420 words)

	THE CASE AGAINST MEMORY CONSOLIDATION IN REM SLEEP
		Memory consolidation refers to neural processing that occurs after information is initially registered which contributes to its permanent storage in memory (Nadel and Moscovitch 1997).
		In a variation of the REM consolidation hypothesis, Jonathan Winson has proposed, and provided supporting documentation for, the position that certain types of memory, specifically memories that are critical for the survival of the species, are selectively processed and consolidated in REM sleep (Winson 1985, 1990, 1993; Pavlides and Winson 1989).
		Although the improvement in memory was attributed to the clinical efficacy of the compound (not to a memory enhancing function for imipramine), Peselow et al.
	www.bbsonline.org /Preprints/OldArchive/bbs.vertes.html (12956 words)

	Memory Loss & the Brain
		One intriguing explanation centers on the concept of "offline memory reprocessing." According to this theory, when we sleep the brain accomplishes an important task called memory consolidation.
		The sleep-deprivation studies suggest that some aspects of memory consolidation occur during REM sleep, although it's clear that not ALL memories are formed during sleep.
		It's hard to say for sure whether memory consolidation is hobbled by lack of REM sleep or just the mental and physical stress of breaking the normal sleep cycle.
	www.memorylossonline.com /remains.htm (1152 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Inhibition of prefrontal protein synthesis following recall does not disrupt memory for ...
		Reactivation of information already committed to long-term memory may induce an additional protein synthesis dependent period, during which the original memory can be disturbed by administration of protein synthesis inhibitors, suggestive of a reconsolidation process [3], although alternative interpretations have been suggested [4].
		Models of hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation posit that memory is initially dependent on the hippocampus, and remote memories are supported by neocortical regions (such as the mPFC) independently of the hippocampus [22-24].
		In contrast, the present study demonstrates that memory for trace fear conditioning does not undergo protein synthesis-dependent reconsolidation in the mPFC, regardless of the intensity of the training, and regardless of whether the memory is recent or remote.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2202/7/67 (4163 words)

	Memory consolidation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The broad definition of memory consolidation is the process by which recent memories are crystallised into long-term memory.
		Network consolidation: Many researchers believe that episodic memories are initially stored in the hippocampus and are slowly moved (or 'consolidated') into the neocortex.
		Recent research suggests that BDNF is required for consolidation (but not reconsolidation) whereas the transcription factor and immediate early gene Zif268 is required for reconsolidation but not consolidation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Memory_consolidation (345 words)

	Sleep deprivation within five hours of learning impairs memory consolidation in mice
		The researchers also determined that the five hours following learning are crucial for memory consolidation; mice deprived of sleep five to 10 hours after learning a task showed no memory impairment.
		Recollection of specific facts or events, known as cued memory, was not affected.
		Because the brain's hippocampus is key to contextual memory but not cued memory, the findings provide new evidence that sleep helps regulate neuronal function in the hippocampus.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-07/uop-sdw070803.php (433 words)

	Memory consolidation Summary
		The origin of the concept of memory consolidation is generally credited to Georg Elias Müller and his student Alfons Pilzecker.
		Memory is a complex biological process involving multiple brain systems, each with a specialized function, and many molecular and cellular mechanisms that process and consolidate information in the brain.
		The word "consolidation" is used to refer to different levels: Molecular consolidation: The molecular process by which long-term...
	www.bookrags.com /Memory_consolidation (189 words)

	The Science of Emotion: McGaugh (Library of Congress)
		Other classes of drugs have the opposite effect and can enhance memory, but only if they are administered shortly after learning, when memory consolidation is occurring.
		Memory also is enhanced by hormones that are released when we experience stress.
		When the connection between emotion and memory works well, the results are very satisfying: we remember the important and good things that we want and need to remember.
	www.loc.gov /loc/brain/emotion/Mcgaugh.html (770 words)

	Neuropsychology/Behavioral Neuroscience Home
		This section will outline some of the most important types of memory and this same outline of terms will be later related to brain research identifying specific areas of the brain that are most important in the proper function of these different types.
		This is a linear model that considers memory as a process beginning with sensory registration and finally leading to the consolidation of some information into long-term and/or remote memories.
		Recent memories are more vulnerable than remote, but it is remarkable that recent memories for important events should be so completely obliterated from memory as they often are.
	neuro.psyc.memphis.edu /NeuroPsyc/np-ugp-memory.htm (1725 words)

	Biological Bases of Memory
		Consolidation refers to the process by which a memory achieves a stable and permanent form.
		Thus, studies of retrograde amnesia show that consolidation is not an automatic process of fixed duration, but is a dynamic process that continues so long as information is being forgotten, with a reorganization and stabilization of what remains.
		Arousal theory assumes that the amount of memory consolidation is related to the amount of neural activity in the brain, and that the amount of neural activity is a function of arousal level.
	home.sandiego.edu /~taylor/biomemory.htm (3354 words)

	The Roles of NREM and REM Sleep On Memory Consolidation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		An article in Science recently declared that "neuroscientists have long known that memory consolidation goes on during sleep." (3) A more recent discovery is that NREM sleep may also play a role, albeit a different one, in learning.
		Despite the many studies demonstrating the function of REM sleep in memory consolidation, there is debate about the validity of the claim that REM sleep aids in learning.
		For example, Jerome Siegel argues in Science that the evidence for the importance of the role of REM sleep in memory consolidation is contradictory and weak.
	serendip.brynmawr.edu /bb/neuro/neuro03/web2/alippman.html (1686 words)

	Emotion&Memory
		This is a summary of a research in the effects of stress hormone, g;ucocorticoid, on the memory processes, based on the article “Glucocorticoid effects on memory retrieval require concurrent noradrenergic activity in the hippocampus and basolateral amygdala.
		The memory and emotion seem to be connected as seen in our daily experiences that memories of the emotional events are more vivid or more remembered.
		The water maze was used as a memory test, which measured the effect of the drugs on the spatial memory retrieval.
	www.unr.nevada.edu /~esakiy (970 words)

	effect of sleep on memory
		A recent study, for example, found that recognition memory for faces was unaffected by people being deprived of sleep for 35 hours.
		Experiments that have found sleep necessary for consolidation tend to support slow-wave sleep as the important part of the cycle, however REM sleep may be important for other types of memory processing.
		Two new studies provide support both for the theory that sleep is important for the consolidation of procedural memories, and the new theory of what I have termed the "memory life-cycle".
	www.memory-key.com /NatureofMemory/sleep.htm (1717 words)

	Contextual Modulation of Memory Consolidation -- Gerber and Menzel 7 (3): 151 -- Learning & Memory
		To analyze memory consolidation on a behavioral level, one can make use of the temporal characteristics of retention.
		Dudai, Y. Consolidation: Fragility on the road to the engram.
		Smith, B.H. The olfactory memory of the honeybee (Apis mellifera): I. Odorant modulation of short- and intermediate-term memory after single trial conditioning.
	www.learnmem.org /cgi/content/full/7/3/151 (3750 words)

	Memory Consolidation - APA Books
		Memory Consolidation: Essays in Honor of James L. McGaugh, celebrates the contributions McGaugh has made to the field of memory formation research.
		They examine morphological studies of memory, neural connections between memory and arousal, the function of brainstem structures, the effects of epinephrine on memory consolidation, and new models of memory formation involving neuroholography and memory codes.
		This volume is essential to researchers and practitioners in the field of psychobiology of memory, and to any reader wishing to see how a single scientist can utterly transform a field of inquiry.
	books.apa.org /books.cfm?id=4318994 (237 words)

	Enhanced Human Memory Consolidation With Post-Learning Stress: Interaction With the Degree of Arousal at Encoding -- ...
		Cahill, L. and van Stegeren, A. Sex-related impairment of memory for emotional events with ß-adrenergic blockade.
		Roozendaal, B. Glucocorticoids and the regulation of memory consolidation.
		Weingartner, H. and Parker, E.S. Memory consolidation: Psychobiology of cognition.
	www.learnmem.org /cgi/content/full/10/4/270 (3923 words)

	Independent Cellular Processes for Hippocampal Memory Consolidation and Reconsolidation -- Lee et al. 304 (5672): 839 ...
		Post-retrieval effects of icv infusions of hemicholinium in mice are dependent on the age of the original memory..
		Protein synthesis underlies post-retrieval memory consolidation to a restricted degree only when updated information is obtained.
		Memory Consolidation and Reconsolidation in the Rat Pup Require Protein Synthesis.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/304/5672/839 (1028 words)

	NIDA - Meetings - Frontiers in Addiction Research
		Recently, this study showed that when a consolidated LTM is remembered or reactivated, it returns to a labile state similar to STM, in that neurons must synthesize new proteins for the memory to persist.
		With each drug use, the memory for the drug may be reactivated (retrieved) and reconsolidated to maintain the original memory.
		During reactivation, the memory is thought to be temporarily labile and susceptible to disruption so that reconsolidation of the memory may be prevented.
	www.drugabuse.gov /whatsnew/meetings/frontiers2005/reconsolidation.html (953 words)

	Consolidation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Consolidation (geology), a geological process whereby a soil decreases in volume
		Memory consolidation, the process by which recent memories are crystallised into long-term memory
		Consolidation, a popular name of a steam locomotive type, with 2-8-0 wheels, built first in 1864.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Consolidation (216 words)

	A Neural Network Model of Memory Consolidation
		Some forms of memory rely temporarily on a system of brain structures located in the medial temporal lobe that includes the hippocampus.
		As the event becomes less recent, the medial temporal lobe becomes less critical to the recall of the event, and the recollection appears to rely more upon the neocortex.
		It has been proposed that a process called consolidation is responsible for transfer of memory from the medial temporal lobe to the neocortex.
	www.cs.utexas.edu /users/bogo/paper/paper.html (172 words)

	Biopsychology of Memory
		Memory impaired on several tasks including ones identical to those failed by human patients.
		Memory impairment exacerbated by increasing the retention delay.
		Memory impairment is not limited to one sensory modality.
	www.uvm.edu /~biopsych/outline/MemoryOutline.htm (1247 words)

	FuturePundit: REM And Slow-Wave Sleep Needed For Memory Consolidation
		Those brain areas included the hippocampus, which is widely believed to be involved in memory storage, and areas of the forebrain involved in rodent-specific behaviors.
		The genes identified that are up-regulated by the REM stage of memory storage are a point of particular interest.
		Another approach that might boost memory formation would be induce the expression of genes involved in memory formation.
	www.futurepundit.com /archives/001903.html (928 words)

	Slow-wave sleep, acetylcholine, and memory consolidation -- Power 101 (7): 1795 -- Proceedings of the National Academy ...
		in memory consolidation is consistent with the fact that new
		aid or mediate memory storage processes are not known (3, 5).
		brain structures during memory consolidation (14, 29, 30).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/7/1795 (1289 words)

	Modelling Memory Consolidation using Neural Networks
		I'm trying to model the concept of consolidation, whereby the Hippocampus learns and transfers the memory to the Neocortex during REM/NREM sleep.
		I read a few papers and came to know about catastrophic interference, which is the reason why some researchers have proposed dual-network memory models to resolve this problem.
		Thus, during a consolidation phase, random inputs could be fed to the Hopfield to obtain the trained outputs.
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?p=1136510#post1136510 (803 words)

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