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Topic: Mental deficiency

	Mental Retardation: A Symptom and a Syndrome
		Mental retardation is an idea, a condition, a syndrome, a symptom, and a source of pain and bewilderment to many families.
		For example, feeblemindedness and mental deficiency were used as labels during the later part of the last century and in the early part of this century.
		Unspecified mental retardation (F79) should be used when there is evidence of mental retardation but not enough information to establish a level of functioning (e.g., a toddler with significant delays in development who is too young to be assessed with an IQ measure).
	www.uab.edu /cogdev/mentreta.htm (9173 words)

	www.whonamedit.com
		Malformation- and dysmorphy syndrome with the triad of dwarfism, mental retardation and skeletal anomalies.
		Schinzel's acrocallosal syndrome (Schinzel's syndrome I) A syndrome of mental retardation, peculiar facies, absence of the corpus callosum, and polydactyly.
		A syndrome of mental retardation, peculiar facies, absence of the corpus callosum, and polydactyly.
	www.whonamedit.com /syndlist.cfm/11 (3713 words)

	Extracts from Model Answers to Questions for Mental Nurses 1928
		Mental deficiency is a state of mental defect dating from birth or arising in such early childhood that the individuals never develop a normal mind, but remain for ever mentally deficient.
		Age of the individual, and the physical and mental stress incidental to the different periods of life, i.e., stresses accompanying the physical or mental adjustments at puberty, in connection with the menstrual functions and child-birth, at the menopause; and during the involutional and senile period.
		Hereditary influence may be antedating in character, that is, the appearance of the mental disorder at an earlier age in the offspring than in the parents; thus a parent who develops manic-depressive insanity at the age of thirty years, may beget a child who develops dementia praecox at the age of puberty.
	www.mdx.ac.uk /www/study/xmn1928.htm (1368 words)

	Medical Accountability network
		Mentally retarded citizens are entitled to enjoy and to exercise the same rights as a re available to nonretarded citizens, to the limits of their ability to do so.
		Mentally retarded persons have the same basic rights as other citizens.1 Among these rights are the rights, in conformance with state and local law, to marry, to engage in sexual activity, to have children and to control one's own fertility by any legal means available.
		It is the position of the American Association on Mental Deficiency that the existence of mental retardation is no Justification for terminating the life of any human being, or for permitting such a life to be terminated either directly or through the withholding of life-sustaining procedures.
	www.medicalaccountability.net /PagesEthics/MentalRetardation-AmericanAssociationonrehumanresearch.html (9469 words)

	[Mental deficiency: parts I and II: general: child]
		The Mental Deficiency Act, 1913, made it the duty of the Local Education Authorities to discover all mentally deficient children in their areas between the ages of 7 and 16, and the Elementary Education (Defective and Epileptic Children) Act, 1914, gave them powers to provide special education for these children.
		The local authorities ascertained that there were 33,000 educable mentally deficient children in England and Wales; each year 2,400 children between the ages of 6 and 17 were notified to the local Mental Deficiency authorities, which had knowledge of about 62,000 persons of all ages.
		The Committee recommended that all educable mentally defective children, and the dull and backward children (who were not deficient) should be treated as a single educational group of 'retarded' children, and the organization of the schools should be modified to provide for them.
	www.bopcris.ac.uk /bopall/ref8570.html (807 words)

	CIGNA - Aniridia Cerebellar Ataxia Mental Deficiency
		Aniridia-cerebellar ataxia-mental deficiency, also known as Gillespie syndrome, is an extremely rare inherited disorder that is characterized by malformations of the eye, neuromuscular abnormalities, developmental delays, and/or mental retardation.
		The disorder aniridia, cerebellar ataxia and mental deficiency is thought to be inherited as an autosomal recessive genetic trait, but researchers have not yet been able to establish the mode of inheritance conclusively.
		The diagnosis of aniridia, cerebellar ataxia and mental deficiency may be made at birth if the newborn (neonate) presents with partial absence of the iris in association with hypotonia.
	www.cigna.com /healthinfo/nord1045.html (2051 words)

	New Page 1
		However, those with mental retardation are much more integrated into schools and the community now, and therefore, I assume that your experiences with individuals who have mental retardation are very different than those described in my recollections of Margaret.
		Think about your beliefs regarding what those with mental retardation are like, what their capabilities are in terms of school and work, what the causes of their conditions may be, and what sort of educational programs might be best for them.
		When students with mental retardation are included in regular classrooms, it is important to remember that the general education teacher is not the only person responsible for their education.
	employees.csbsju.edu /esass/mentalretardation.htm (7722 words)

	The Arc's Q&A on Mental Illness/Mental Retardation
		Mental health is a goal for all people, including those with mental retardation, not just those having difficulties.
		Mental illnesses are severe disturbances of behavior, mood, thought processes and/or social and interpersonal relationships.
		Mental illness should be diagnosed on Dimension II of the new American Association on Mental Retardation classification system (Luckasson et al, 1992).
	www.open.org /~people1/articles/med_mental_illness-.htm (1465 words)

	Mental Deficiency (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The definitive handbook on mental retardation, this fourth edition surveys and interprets breakthroughs in research and changes in public attitudes toward the mentally subnormal over the past decade.
		The second section, "Characteristics, Causes, and Distribution," covers the environmental and biological origins of mental subnormality; psychiatric disorders in the mentally handicapped; epidemiology; and neuropediatric aspects.
		This fourth edition of Mental Deficiency is an indispensable resource for professionals who specialize in research or practice with the mentally retarded, as well as for teachers and students, for it ".
	www.rosezone.com /booksales/im_100/image061-JPEG.html (297 words)

	mental retardation definitions worksheet
		Mental retardation refers to significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period and is associated with impairment in adaptive behavior.
		Mental Retardation is a disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills.
		Mental Deficiency: A state of incomplete mental development of such a kind and degree that the individual is incapable of adapting himself to the normal environment of his fellows in such a way to maintain existence independently of supervision, control or external support.
	www.cloudnet.com /~edrbsass/mrworksheet.htm (668 words)

	Nutrition and mental health - Nutrition and the brain, Energy intake and mental health, Carbohydrates and mental health
		Deficiencies or excesses of certain vitamins or minerals can damage nerves in the brain, causing changes in memory, limiting problem-solving ability, and impairing brain function.
		Severe niacin deficiency progresses to a condition called pellagra, which is characterized by the four D's: dermatitis (a rash resembling a sunburn), diarrhea, dementia, and ultimately, death.
		Vitamin E deficiency is very rare, except in disorders that impair absorption of fat-soluble vitamins into the body, such as cystic fibrosis, and liver diseases.
	www.minddisorders.com /Kau-Nu/Nutrition-and-mental-health.html (2975 words)

	Mineral Deficiency -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Mg deficiency can be rectified in the short term by applying a foliar feed fortnightly, with Epsom Salts diluted at a rate of 200g per 10 litres of water (8oz per 2½ gal) after flowering.
		Manganese (Mn) deficiency is a plant disorder that is often confused with, and occurs with, iron deficiency.
		Prevention and control of nitrogen deficiency can be achieved in the short term by using grass mowings as a mulch, or foliar feeding with manure, and in the longer term by building up levels of organic matter in the soil.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/98/mineral-deficiency.html (807 words)

	List of diseases starting with M - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mental retardation short stature cleft palate unusual facies
		Mental retardation short stature hand contractures genital anomalies
		Mental retardation short stature ocular and articular anomalies
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_diseases_starting_with_M (162 words)

	eMedicine - Iodine Deficiency : Article by Stephanie L Lee
		Myxedematous cretinism is considered a result of iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism in the fetus during late pregnancy or in the neonatal period, resulting in mental retardation, short stature, goiter, and hypothyroidism (see Image 3).
		Mental retardation as a result of iodine deficiency can be exaggerated in the setting of concomitant deficiencies of selenium or vitamin A. Postnatally, as infants and children are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in iodine intake, this population is at risk for poor mental and psychomotor development (predominantly in language and memory skills).
		Unlike mental retardation that occurs because of prenatal iodine deficiency, mental retardation from continued postnatal iodine deprivation may be reversible with thyroid hormone replacement.
	www.emedicine.com /MED/topic1187.htm (4328 words)

	American Association on Mental Retardation - March 1974
		The American Association on Mental Deficiency is pleased that various legislators, governmental agencies, and a few other professional organizations have begun to speak out on the issue of sterilization.
		A surgical procedure, the primary purpose of which is to render an individual incapable of procreating without impairing his or her capacity to engage in sexual activity.
		The American Association on Mental Deficiency strongly opposes the enactment and application of statutes that permit Involuntary sterilization.
	ethics.iit.edu /codes/coe/amer.assoc.mental.r.c.html (1600 words)

	Mental retardation Information on Healthline
		Mental retardation is described as a condition that is diagnosed before age 18, and includes below-average general intellectual function, accompanied by impairment in the person’s ability to acquire the skills necessary for daily living.
		Causes of mental retardation are numerous, but a specific reason for mental retardation is determined in only 25% of the cases.
		A family may suspect mental retardation if motor skills, language skills, and self-help skills do not seem to be developing in a child, or are developing at a far slower rate than the child's peers.
	www.healthline.com /adamcontent/mental-retardation (564 words)

	Mental Health - Mental Retardation
		Mental retardation is a condition of arrested or incomplete development of the mind characterized by impairment of skills and overall intelligence in areas such as cognition, language, and motor and social abilities.
		In addition to genetic factors, injuries at birth and brain infections, a common cause of mental retardation is iodine deficiency, which is the single largest cause of preventable brain damage and severe mental retardation.
		Prevalence: It is estimated that the overall prevalence of mental retardation is between 1% and 3% It is more common in developing countries because of higher incidence of injuries and deprivation of oxygen at birth and early childhood brain infections, all of which cause retardation.
	www.afro.who.int /mentalhealth/related_diseases/mental_retardation.html (231 words)

	Mental Retardation : What is Mental Retardation
		Mental Retardation: This is a condition in which there is delay or deficiency in all aspects of development, i.e.
		This condition should not be confused with mental retardation, because these children retain their learning ability in other areas such as language, sports, and social and artistic skills.
		Mental retardation is also termed as mental deficiency, mental sub-normality, and intellectual deficiency.
	www.searo.who.int /en/Section1174/Section1199/Section1567/Section1825_8084.htm (1797 words)

	American Association on Mental Retardation - March 1974
		Mentally retarded persons have the same basic rights as other citizens.1 Among these rights are the rights, in conformance with state and local law, to marry, to engage in sexual activity, to have children and to control one's own fertility by any legal means available.
		The American Association on Mental Deficiency is pleased that various legislators, governmental agencies, and a few other professional organizations have begun to speak out on the issue of sterilization.
		A surgical procedure, the primary purpose of which is to render an individual incapable of procreating without impairing his or her capacity to engage in sexual activity.
	www.iit.edu /libraries/csep/codes/coe/amer.assoc.mental.r.c.html (1599 words)

	Age and Ageing: Review: cobalamin deficiency and mental impairment in elderly people
		Improvement of mental impairment as a result of treatment with cobalamin is possible, especially in an early stage of the deficiency, before the symptoms and signs become irreversible[12].
		Diagnosis and treatment of cobalamin deficiency is at present a major problem because of the insensitive diagnostic methods and unfamiliarity with the atypical presentations of cobalamin deficiency in elderly patients.
		Establishing the diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency with involvement of the nervous system is difficult because of the lack of correlation between neurological and/or cerebral manifestations on the one hand and haematological variables or serum cobalamin levels on the other.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2459/is_n6_v24/ai_17924349 (1362 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Crew, H.M. (1983) Money, Morality and Mental Deficiency: an examination of the attitudes and influences that caused destitute unmarried mothers to be certified as "moral defectives" under the Mental Deficiency Act of 1913.
		Gorwitz, K. (1974) Census enumeration of the mentally ill and the mentally retarded in the nineteenth century.
		The mental Deficiency Act, 1913, together with the regulations and rules made under the provisions of that Act, and annotations by R.A. Leach.
	codi.buffalo.edu /graph_based/.bibliography/woodhill/.mr.txt (2620 words)

	HerbChina2000.com - Herbal Remedies - Mental retardation
		Mental retardation (MR) means significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period that adversely affects a child's educational performance.
		The diagnosis of mental retardation can be made only by a certified psychologist capable of administering, scoring, and interpreting a standardized intelligence or cognitive test.
		Mental retardation can have a variety of causes, including hereditary disorders such as phenylketonuria (PKU), early alterations in the embryo's development (Down's syndrome), and exposure to toxic substances (alcohol) or infections while the child is in the mother's uterus.
	www.herbchina2000.com /therapies/FMR.shtml (1070 words)

	Youth with Special Needs - Mental Retardation
		According to the American Association on Mental Deficiency, mental retardation is defined as subaverage general intellectual functioning that originates during the developmental period (prenatal to 16 years) and is associated with impairment in adaptive behavior.
		Not all the causes of mental retardation are known; however, more than 200 have been identified, and many others are suspected.
		A mentally retarded person is slow to learn and may be slow or limited in the development of physical skills.
	www.urbanext.uiuc.edu /specialneeds/mental.html (657 words)

	Nutrition and Physical Degeneration: Chapter 19
		It is thus evident that the condition of mental deficiency, whilst presenting many interesting problems to the physician, the pathologist, and the psychologist, has also a much wider interest and importance.
		Indeed, in the mentally backward and criminal groups in their various stages, we find facial patterns typical of large numbers of individuals we see on the streets, who are in school or in business, and entirely capable of maintaining a respected and honorable position in society.
		Barrie (3) reports that partial deficiency of vitamin E, as shown in the case of the female rat, results in the prolongation of gestation which may be continued as long as ten days beyond the normal period.
	journeytoforever.org /farm_library/price/price19.html (9595 words)

	[No title]
		Mental deficiency became the umbrella term for all these labels and the mental deficiency act kept the definitions fairly rigid throughout the early twentieth century.
		There are other perspectives: The rise in the number of mental defectives, which I will talk about soon, the stigma associated with labels and segregation, social exclusion, eugenics, social control, sexual control, the growth of the state and the medical profession, and the role of families.
		Mental defectives tended to find themselves placed in the deserving category, albeit in a begrudging kind of way — as mental defectives were commonly viewed as both innocents and deviants simultaneously.
	www.arts.gla.ac.uk /history/Medicine/shh2003egan.doc (2088 words)

	E. H. Sutherland: Social Attitudes: "Mental Deficiency and Crime" (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In those early days of mental testing the influence of Goddard was very great; he had asserted that the more expert the mental tester the larger the proportion of delinquents he would find to be feebleminded.
		The studies from which this conclusion is derived are of two types: first, comparison of the mental scores of delinquent and of the general population; second, comparison of behavior of the feebleminded and normal minded.
		Mental tests of police in Los Angeles, Palo Alto, Detroit, and Cleveland indicate that, if this proposition is correct, a very large portion of the general population could commit delinquencies and not be caught.
	spartan.ac.brocku.ca /~lward/Young/1931/15_Sutherland.html (5404 words)

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