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Topic: Mercury arc valve

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	The ABB Group: What - 1 development of the HVDC technology
		The key challenge in the HVDC technique was the development of reliable and economic valves which could convert high-voltage alternating current into high-voltage direct current and vice versa.
		From the end of 1920's, when ASEA embarked on the development and manufacture of static converters and mercury-arc valves for voltages up to about 1000 V, the possibilities of developing valves also for higher voltages were investigated.
		In the mercury vapour atmosphere of the mercury-arc valves it does not help at all to increase the spacing between the electrodes.
	www.abb.com /cawp/GAD02181/C1256D71001E0037C12568320047C4B8.aspx (427 words)

	Mercury arc valve - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A mercury arc valve (mercury vapor rectifier) is a type of electrical rectifier which converts alternating current into direct current.
		The last domain of the mercury arc valves was for high-voltage direct current transmission until 1975.
		Special types of mercury arc rectifiers are the thyratron, the Ignitron and the Excitron.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mercury_arc_valve (1446 words)

	Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		New: Langrex Supplies Ltd - trader with large stocks of valves including many rare and industrial types etc. Some of the rarer WWII valves in the museum were sourced from here.
		Run by Rod Burman, a renowned valve guru with a personal collection of over 3,000 individual valves from the origins of the technology at the beginning of the 20th century.
		Numerous of the valves in the museum were sourced from here.
	www.tubecollector.org /links.htm (489 words)

	ABB Deutschland: The history of HVDC Part 1: The mercury arc valve era
		His development group had just completed work on a mercury arc valve for 25 kV, some 10 times the operating voltage of existing valves for industrial use, and tests were planned to start the same day.
		Lamm's announcement and his forceful arguments in favor of the mercury arc technology got all the attention and headlines in the press afterwords.
		Normally, the faulty valve recovered very quickly, the main valves were deblocked again within a second, and the power system hardly noticed the disturbance.
	www.abb.de /cawp/gad02181/5950ab82df908d0cc1256e89002f3e6f.aspx (2672 words)

	ABB Deutschland: What - 2 development of the HVDC technology
		An experimental valve, tried out in 1933, confirmed the validity of this principle during its brief life.
		Accelerated development work resulted in the solving of the final challenges in 1953, and the design of the most critical component, the mercury-arc valve, was fixed.
		Valve hall in the Gotland link withone of the two 6-pulse mercury arc valve groups for 20 MW.
	www.abb.de /cawp/gad02181/c1256d71001e0037c12569d50038ba4f.aspx (540 words)

	Siemens AG - More power to California
		The thyristor valves employ direct light-triggered thyristors which are superseding the mercury-arc valve rectifier technology used since the link was first built.
		However, the critical elements of the substations - now 30 years old of course - are the mercury-arc valves which were originally expected to have a service life of 20 years.
		The light pulse is carried by fiber optics at earth potential from the valve control directly to the thyristor gate itself.
	www.siemens.com /page/1,3771,248663-1-12_0_0-0,00.html (715 words)

	Rectifier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		One electrode, the cathode, is submerged in a pool of liquid mercury at the bottom of the vessel and one or more high purity graphite electrodes, called anodes, are suspended above the pool.
		When an electric arc is established between the cathode pool and suspended anodes, a stream of electrons flows from the cathode to the anodes through the ionized mercury, but not the other way.
		Mercury arc rectifiers have largely been replaced by silicon semiconductor rectifiers from the mid 1970s onward.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rectifier (1675 words)

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