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	Meroitic script - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Meroitic script is an alphabet of Egyptian hieroglyphic and demotic origin that was used to write the Meroitic language of the Kingdom of MeroÃ«, and possibly the Nubian language of the successor Nubian kingdoms.
		The Meroitic script was essentially alphabetic, but with a default vowel /a/ assumed unless another vowel was written.
		If it was indeed used by the Nubian kingdoms, the Meroitic script would have been replaced by the Coptic alphabet with the introduction of Christianity to Nubia in the sixth century CE.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Meroitic_script (500 words)

	[No title]
		The Meroitic script is a syllabary, and its glyphs are derived from or related to Egyptian Hieroglyphics.
		The script has only the two vowel signs I and U, which are also used respectively to stand for the vowels E and O. Though all languages normally written with this script have syllables possessing final consonants, they cannot be expressed in the script.
		The Lepcha Script, in Acta Orientalia 24, 1959, pp 107-122.
	www.unicode.org /Public/TEXT/UTR-3.TXT (12590 words)

	Symbolism
		Between 2500 and 700 BC later scripts were used for varying periods in the Indus Valley of Pakistan, in Crete (Cretan hieroglyphic and Linear A and B; the Phaistos Disc), in the Sinai (Proto-Sinaitic), in Palestine and Lebanon, and in Syria and Anatolia (Hittite hieroglyphic).
		Some scripts, for example, the Mayan and Aztec, were composed almost entirely of ideograms; each sign was read as the name of the thing represented or of a closely associated concept evident from the context.
		Hieroglyphic scripts tended to survive when, as with the Egyptian and Hittite systems, they originated in and continued to be used for monumental inscriptions in temples, tombs, and other structures.
	www.elohim-god.net /symbolism.htm (4440 words)

	digNubia
		The most famous examples of ancient languages that have been decoded in modern times are ancient Egyptian (with its hieroglyphic script), ancient Sumerian, Babylonian, and Hittite (with their cuneiform scripts), and, most recently, ancient Mayan (with its hieroglyphic script).
		He used this technique to figure out the sounds of each of the Meroitic letters, but he was able to understand the meanings of only a few of the words spelled out by these letters.
		Meroitic will remain a mystery to us until we find an African language similar enough to Meroitic to help us to understand its vocabulary or until we find an ancient object or document with the same passage written in both Meroitic and a language that we can understand.
	www.dignubia.org /bookshelf/meroitic.php (558 words)

	Meroitic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Meroitic is an adjective referring to things related to the kingdom of Meroe in pre-Islamic Sudan.
		The Meroitic period was approximately 300 BC to 400 AD.
		This is a disambiguation page â” a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Meroitic (103 words)

	the Meroitic Period
		From about the second century BC the Meroitic script was used.
		In the absence of inscriptions or manuscripts in known scripts, it is therefore hard to obtain detailed information about the political history of the land at this time from internal sources.
		Meroitic culture is still very much influenced by Egyptian culture, but the Egyptian elements now seem to be used only for funerary and religious monuments (as increasingly also in Egypt at the same time).
	www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk /nubia/meroitic.html (403 words)

	Brahmi Script (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This script appeared in India most certainly by the 5th century BC, but the fact that just like the Greek alphabet, it had many local variants, which suggests that its origin lies further back in time.
		The Brahmi script is the ancestor of practically all modern Indian writing systems, at all there are about 40 varieties of them nowadays, including Tibetan, Singhalese, Sharada, Newari, Bengali, Oriya, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Lahnda, Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, Burmese, Khmer, Lao, Thai, Devanagari.
		Thus the Brahmi script was the Indian equivalent of the Greek script that gave arise to a host of different systems.
	indoeuro.bizland.com /project/script/brahm.html (440 words)

	MEROITIC PALAEOGRAPHY AS A TOOL FOR CHRONOLOGY : PROSPECTS AND LIMITS
		One of the best evidence for such a «constructed» script is the fact that the tails of the signs are nearly all running right, in the opposite direction of the writing which runs from right to left.
		Second, Meroitic philology is fairly recent, and Meroiticists are not yet dealing, as Classicists do, with a huge mass of written documents : only a thousand documents in all are currently known, and just several dozens on ostrakon or papyrus, so that it is yet impossible to treat different sorts of inscriptions separately.
		In any event, it is certain that Meroitic script seems to be highly standardized throughout the kingdom, a fact which backs up the hypothesis of an influential scribal caste directly connected with the central administration.
	www.arkamani.org /arkamani-library/meroitic_conference_paris/rilly_paleography.htm (6303 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : The Meroitic Mystery: From Nubia—the land of Kush—a language lost in history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		There are two kinds of Meroitic script: hieroglyphs, apparently adapted from Egypt's system, and the so-called "cursive" or demotic writing, which seems to be a distinctive Meroitic invention, though it may have been influenced by the Egyptian demotic.
		Unfortunately, the number of loan words recognizable in Meroitic was quite small, as was the number of Meroitic words surviving in Nubian, a language still spoken in the middle Nile Valley.
		Although the Meroitic scripts can be read, the language they are written in is still unknown, and until a related language is discovered, or an extensive bilingual inscription, progress will be slow.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/198304/the.meroitic.mystery-from.nubia.the.land.of.kush.a.language.lost.in.history.htm (1075 words)

	Undeciphered scripts
		Neither the script nor the language it was used to write are known, however Asko Parpola of the University of Helsinki in Finland claims to have partially deciphered the script and believes it probably respresents a Dravidian language.
		The Meroïtic script was used to write Meroïtic, an extinct language that was spoken in the Nile valley and northern Sudan until about the 4th century AD.
		The script has been deciphered but the language is was used to write is not known.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/undeciphered.htm (515 words)

	inwest
		Hieratic, a second script, is a modified form of Egyptian hieroglyphics used to write formal documents on papyrus with brush and ink, and demotic is a cursive script.
		Thus, both the hieratic and demotic scripts could be considered "reformed" or modified versions of the original hieroglyphic script.
		This script is described as a "syllabary [that] is clearly inspired by the Egyptian hieroglyphic system, and in fact is the most important link known between the hieroglyphs and the Canaanite alphabet." Interestingly enough, most Byblos Syllabic texts were written on copper plates.
	www.prospector-utah.com /inwest.htm (653 words)

	Historical Alphabets
		Its script, derived from Phoenician and first attested during the 9th century BCE, also became extremely popular and was adopted by many people with or without any previous writing system.
		The Meroïtic script was used in the Kingdom of Kush, from the 2nd century BCE onwards until the 5th century CE, in an area of the Nile Valley stretching from Philae in Nubia to near Khartoum in Sudan.
		They left over two hundred inscriptions in their distinctive script, which is very obviously related to the Etruscan script and ultimately derived from the Greek model.
	www.seansgallery.com /pages/h_alphabets.htm (2023 words)

	Ancient Writing In Middle Africa
		The Egyptian hieroglyphic script was confined mainly to monuments.
		The Protosinaitic script, was derived from Egyptian prototypes.
		The demotic script was used from the Seventh century B.C. to the Fifth century A.D. The demotic records were used by commercial, legal and administrative sectors of the Egyptian society.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Bay/7051/anwrite.htm (4360 words)

	Definition of Ucan script (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A corresponding cursive script, [[u-mey]], is used for [[handwriting]].
		12: The Meroitic script was a sort of [[abugida]], with the exception of...
		Indian scholars continues to argue for the Indus script as the predecessor of the [[Brahmic family]].
	www.wordiq.com /search/Ucan_script.html (977 words)

	Meroitic Writing
		Conditions number one and two were met by Griffith when he deciphered the Meroitic script in 1910, and his discovery of the proper names of the Meroitic gods and individuals in Meroitic text.
		In the early Meroitic script the deceased requested passage to a revitalized Napata.
		In conclusion the multiethnic populations that lived in the Meroitic empire used the Meroitic language as a lingua franca.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Bay/7051/mero.htm (2679 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Meroitic was probably a lingua franca used by the Meroites to unite the diverse ethnic groups which lived in the Meroitic empire.
		This sign in the Meroitic script was used to change verbs into nouns, or signify the word "good".
		The -l element in Meroitic denotes the verb 'to be'.
	www.arkamani.org /meroitic_studies/Kalabsha.htm (4332 words)

	Meroitic script (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Meroitic script is an alphabet of Egyptian ( Hieroglyph ic) origin used in Kingdom of Meroë.
		The Meroitic script was a sort of abugida, with the exception of the syllabic letters, if a vowel followed a consonant, it muted the inherent vowel /a/ and the consonant was pronounced with that vowel instead.
		The hieroglyphic script used similar composition rules to Egyptian hieroglyphics, the signs faced towards the end of a text towards the beginning like Egyptian.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/M/Meroitic-script.htm (376 words)

	Nubia museum collections: Offering table (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Meroitic offering table, on which can be seen Meroitic writing.
		Meroitic is an alphabetic script with 23 signs used in a hieroglyphic form (mainly on monumental art) and in a cursive form.
		The Meroitic script is written from right to left, unlike the Egyptian system which can be written right to left, left to right, and vertically.
	www.numibia.net /nubia/artefacts.asp?p_Numb=44 (80 words)

	RK Fonts
		Of all the scripts of the Near East the cuneiform script was the most important and so it is no wonder, the Ugaritic script is also a cuneiform script.
		The cuneiform script - originally used as syllabic script - lost this syllabic character in the Ugaritic script, which is a mere alphabetic script, containing of 30 letters.
		The oldpersian Cuneiform - not to confuse with the Babylonian cuneiform - is a soon form of an alphabetic script (or rather a mixture between alphabetic and syllabic script).
	reinhold.kainhofer.com /rk_fonts (845 words)

	UTR #3 - Exploratory Proposals
		The Meroïtic script is a syllabary, and its glyphs are derived from
		it to be encoded in phonetic parallel to the Hebrew script.
		The 'Phags-pa script an extinct fore-runner of the Tibetan script,
	www.oasis-open.org /cover/unicodeTR3.html (11162 words)

	Numerals, Numeration, and Numerical Notation Bibliography
		Adkins, Julia E. Historical and analytical study of the tally, the knotted cord, the fingers, and the abacus.
		Was, Daniel A. Numerical fractions in the Minoan Linear script A. Kadmos 10: 35-51.
		Was, Daniel A. Numerical fractions in the Minoan Linear script A. Kadmos 13: 95-116.
	phrontistery.info /nnsbib.html (8653 words)

	Abugida writing systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Brahmi script is believed by the majority of scholars to have evolved from a Semitic script such as the Eastern Aramaic alphabet.
		There is also a generally unaccepted theory according to which the Brahmi script is derived from the undeciphered Indus script, going back to at least 2600 BC.
		The name Devanagari comes from the Sanskrit words Deva (god), and Nagari (city), together they mean, literally, the script of the City of the Gods, where this city is the body of the individual.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Abugida-writing-systems (636 words)

	[No title]
		The fact that Gelb's theory of unidirectional development requires that these scripts be syllabaries has always seemed to me to have an element of circular reasoning to it: If Egyptian writing and the West Semitic scripts are syllabic then writing only develops one way; since writing only develops one way, these scripts must be syllabic.
		To prove a relationship between Meroitic and Uralo-Asiatic languages and their respective cultures would be near impossible; and according to Hintze himself, "nonsense".
		Now what I want to know is why these scripts have a sign to indicate that something isn't there that is alleged never to have been there in the first place.
	oi.uchicago.edu /OI/ANE/ANE-DIGEST/V03/v03.n175 (5108 words)

	MonkeyFilter \| More pyramids than Egypt
		The mystery of Meroitic could be on the way to a solution at last.
		This chap thinks he has already solved the problem and that Meroitic is cognate with Tocharian, an Asian language.
		On the other hand, Meroitic is, or has something to do with, the Reformed Egyptian of the Mormon scriptures.
	monkeyfilter.com /link.php/2409 (892 words)

	[No title]
		Scholars unanimously agree that cultural diffusion led to the development of the Meroitic alphabets (both 'glyph and cursive) which was used to represent the local language which had been superceded by the Egyptian previously.
		Of all places in the Levant, that this script should have been devised >in Byblos, with its long and deep Egyptian connections should not be much of >a surprise, nor that it was inspired by Egyptian, both hieroglyphic and >hieratic.
		In spite of the problems outstanding, the >role of the Byblos script in the history of the alphabet cannot be lightly >dismissed.
	oi.uchicago.edu /OI/ANE/ANE-DIGEST/V03/v03.n181 (5280 words)

	Meroitic script (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The script was deciphered by Griffith, but the language behind it is still a problem; only a few words are understandable.
		It is not yet possible to connect the Meroitic language with other known languages.
		Meroitic texts are collected in the 'Repertoire d'Épigraphie Méroïtique' (short REM, a computer database in Paris, published: Leclant 2000).
	www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk /nubia/mwriting.html (159 words)

	AncientScripts.com: Meroïtic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		2th century BCE to 5th century CE The Meroïtic script was used in the Kingdom of Kush, from the 2nd century BCE onwards until the 5th century CE, in an area of the Nile Valley stretching from Philae in Nubia to near Khartoum in Sudan.
		The form of this script was borrowed from Egyptian, but the way the system worked was quite different.
		It has no known relatives, and the meaning of its words and its grammatical structure remain relatively obscure, therefore so impeding attempts at reading of the texts.
	www.ancientscripts.com /print.cgi?f=meroitic.html (346 words)

	Meroitic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Meroitic script is very similar to the Egyptian Writing System.
		Exactly when the transfer took place is not certain, either in the sixth or the fourth century B.C. It gradually became fully independent of Egyptian culture, including its language.
		The use of the Egyptian language and hieroglyphics disappeared, giving way to Meroitic, a language with both a hieroglyphic and a cursive script.
	www.crystalinks.com /meroitic.html (162 words)

	True Type Fonts for the Atrilian Campaign (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The signs for this script were borrowed from the Egyptian Hieroglyphics (they did not use all the many hundreds of Hieroglyphics, but selected just 23 of them).
		The third one, RK Meroitic Transscript, is used for transcriptions.
		The Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) is an organisation of linguists dedicated to the study and promotion of the thousands of minority languages around the world.
	www.basicrps.com /atrilia/en/util/fonts.htm (247 words)

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