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Topic: Meromictic

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	Meromictic Information
		Green Lake is a meromictic lake near Syracuse, New York.
		The layers of sediment at the bottom of a meromictic lake remain relatively undisturbed because there are no living organisms to stir them up.
		Salsvatnet, Kilevann, Tronstadvatn, Birkelandsvatn, Rørholtfjorden, Botnvatn, Rørhopvatn and Strandvatn lakes in Norway are meromictic.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Meromictic (265 words)

	Temperature & Salinity Measurement
		He defined a meromictic lake as one in which part of the deep sea water is stabilized, as opposed to a holomictic lake, i.e.
		With reference to a lake, a period is meromictic if it is longer then one seasonal cycle; it begins with the onset of stable stratification and terminates with the first overturn.
		During the same period, the salinity of the meromictic upper layer increased dramatically and, in summer 1995, it overshot the salinity of the deep water.
	isramar.ocean.org.il /DeadSea/DS_Database.htm (2492 words)

	Ballston Lake, NY - Lake Basin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Meromictic lakes are perennially stratified and usually intensely anoxic (lacking oxygen) in the lower zones (Hutchinson, 1957); our recent data (winter 1997-98) show that dissolved oxygen ranges from about 5-12 mg/l above the chemocline to essentially zero below.
		Meromictic Lakes are ideal for paleolimnological (ancient history of lakes) studies because of lack of bioturbation (churning of sediment by bottom-dwelling organisms) in sediments and highly predictable deposition characteristics (Anderson, et al., 1985).
		Meromictic lakes are most notorious, however, for abrupt releases of dissolved carbon dioxide, methane, and other gasses.
	zircon.geology.union.edu /ballston/Meromictic.html (262 words)

	North American Lake Management Society LRM 17-2 June 2001
		Lower Mystic Lake is a coastal meromictic lake with a northern and southern basin.
		Meromictic stability showed a linear decrease between 1974 and 1994.
		Overall, completion of the Amelia Earhart Dam had a greater effect on the loss of the monimolimnion than efforts to remove this stratum by pumping as it prevented replacement of water eroded from the chemocline with fresh seawater.
	storesense2.megawebservers.com /NALMS/Detail.bok?no=65 (2122 words)

	Hydro Tasmania - Meromictic Lakes
		Lake Fidler is a small meromictic lake on the lower Gordon River floodplain.
		Meromictic lakes are characterised by a stable structure of an oxygenated freshwater upper layer over an anoxic saline lower layer, and are very rare worldwide.
		Follow-up monitoring has shown the project achieved considerable success: the meromictic stability of the lake has increased significantly and the lake’s scientific and World Heritage values have been protected.
	www.hydro.com.au /home/Our+Environment/Water/Meromictic+Lakes.htm (330 words)

	ISSLR Forums - meromictic lakes in northern europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		We at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Micrbiology are engaged in a study of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in stratified anoxic lakes.
		We are looking for colleagues engaged in research in meromictic lakes to collaborate with.
		Candidate lakes should be stratified year round or late into the year with anoxic basins, be well characterized physically and chemically, and relatively eutrophic, that is, with significant concentrations of nitrate and ammonium.
	www.isslr.org /forums/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=88 (78 words)

	In Situ Analysis of Phototrophic Sulfur Bacteria in the Chemocline of Meromictic Lake Cadagno (Switzerland) -- Tonolla ...
		Spatial and temporal distribution of bacteria in a meromictic karsic lake basin; relationships with physicochemical parameters and zooplankton.
		Characterization of a dense, purple sulfur bacterial layer in a meromictic lake.
		Microscopic and molecular in situ characterization of bacterial populations in the meromictic Lake Cadagno.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/65/3/1325 (2849 words)

	Meromictic - Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In meromictic lakes, the layers of the lake water remain unmixed for years, decades, or centuries.
		These bacteria, which are commonly found at the top of the monimolimnion in meromictic lakes, use sulfur compounds for photosynthesis; sulfur compounds are one of the products of sediment decomposition in "anoxic" (oxygen poor) environments.
		For this reason corings of the sediment at the bottom of meromictic lakes are important research tools in tracing climate history at the lake.
	meromictic.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Meromictic (938 words)

	Meromictic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Green Lake is a meromictic lake near Syracuse, New York.
		A meromictic lake has layers of water which do not intermix.
		The Black Sea is also considered to be meromictic.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Meromictic (313 words)

	EJPAU 2005. GOŁĘBIOWSKA D. , OSUCH M. , MIELNIK L. , BEJGER R. OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMIC ACIDS FROM BOTTOM ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Optical properties of humic substances (HS) from bottom sediments of two dimictic and meromictic lakes with similar depth (25 m and 29 m) and different thermal circulation and oxygen condition of their water were carried out.
		The aim of this paper is to prove, that humic substances from bottom sediments of two dimictic and meromictic lakes with similar depth and different area, situated not wide apart, may be distinguished by their absorption and luminescence characteristics.
		Optical characteristics of HS from lakes bottom sediments seem the differences in the values of absorption spectra, fluorescence intensity and yield may be and to prove that good indicator of oxygen conditions in profundal of the lake.
	www.ejpau.media.pl /volume8/issue2/art-27.html (2895 words)

	Water on the Web \| Resources \| Glossary
		Sharp gradient in chemical concentration; the boundary in a meromictic lake separating an upper layer of less-saline water that can mix completely at least once a year (mixolimnion) from a deeper, more saline (dense) layer (monimolimnion) that never is mixed into the overlying layer.
		Bottom layer of stagnant water in a meromictic lake that never is completely mixed (see chemocline).
		A measure of the potential yield of fishery from a lake; computed by taking the concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) divided by the mean depth of the lake; it assumes that increasing dissolved salt content reflects increased nutrient content due to increased contact of precipitation with the soil prior to entering a lake.
	www.waterontheweb.org /resources/glossary.html (6071 words)

	Whale Songs Lesson Plan #2
		Meromictic lakes tend to have high relative depths (ratio of maximum depth/lake diameter).
		Some meromictic lakes tend to accumulate a denser, salty water near the bottom, and do not have a water column that mixes entirely.
		These lakes are chemically meromictic, and have a warm bottom layer called a monimolimnion (where the increased density of the dissolved salts counters the natural upward buoyancy of the warm water).
	www.whalesongs.org /dominica/lesson/lesson2.html (2934 words)

	Green Lakes State Park, Manlius, Onondaga County
		Because of their depth and the high salinity of the basin waters, the lakes are meromictic and do not turn over.
		Meromictic lakes are often characterized by the still, mirror-like waters.
		Anything that falls to the bottom will meet a massive collection of debris, which decays so slowly, researchers are able to take core samples and find out what plants and animals inhabited the area thousands of years ago.
	www.nyfalls.com /lakes/greenlakes.html (582 words)

	The geochemical cycling of trace elements in a biogenic meromictic lake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The geochemical cycling of trace elements in a biogenic meromictic lake
		The geochemical processes affecting the behavior and speciation of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn in Hall Lake, Washington, USA, are assessed by examining dissolved and acid soluble particulate profiles of the elements and utilizing results from thermodynamic calculations.
		The water column of this meromictic lake is highly stratified and contains distinctive oxic, suboxic, and anoxic layers.
	www.geophys.washington.edu /USGS/DOCS/ABSTRACTS/bal94.html (218 words)

	Utah Division of Wildlife Resources
		This type of mixing pattern is referred to as warm meromictic, meaning the water layers do not mix all the way to the bottom.
		Most meromictic lakes have no oxygen on the bottom during summer stratified.
		When turnover occurs fish are able to range into the newly oxygenated water layers and travel through a larger portion of the lake.
	www.wildlife.utah.gov /fishing/reports_lp.php (538 words)

	Lewis Abstract. Arctic Workshop 2006: 36th Annual
		This was done at Lake Tuborg, a large meromictic, varved lake, from 2001-2003.
		The site is a deep meromictic basin with two shallow sills and 14 km separating it from the glacier portal where the jökulhlaup inflow occurred.
		The jökulhlaup deposit is relatively thick, coarse grained, fines upward, and is characteristic of hypopycnal flow rainout.
	instaar.colorado.edu /meetings/AW2006/abstract_detail.php?abstract_id=5 (477 words)

	Back to Mining
		(In a meromictic lake, water ceases to mix during the usual periods of spring and autumn turnover.
		In contrast to the DNR staff's resolute declarations that the lake would become meromictic, University of Wisconsin consultants told Kennecott as early as 1973 that it could not be assumed with certainty that the lake would become meromictic.
		At the final permit hearing, Kevin Lyons argued that the EIS, earlier ruled adequate at the spring 1976 hearing, should be excluded from evidence on the grounds that it constituted hearsay.
	www.eccola.org /Qsec1.htm (2831 words)

	Monomixis and Meromixis at Mono Lake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		As long as a circulation pattern occurs consisting of one period of complete mixing (in winter) and one period of thermal stratification (in summer), Mono Lake is monomictic.
		Meromixis is less likely at higher lake levels because the volume of freshwater inflow is a smaller percentage of the volume of the lake, thus having less of an impact on the change in salinity and depth of stratification.
		Bob Jellison produced a model of meromixis in Mono Lake that initially showed over 40 years of meromixis, then as more was learned, in 1999 showed that the lake would be meromictic for "10 years and possibly longer," and that at the 6,392 management level, meromixis will reestablish approximately every decade.
	www.monobasinresearch.org /timelines/meromixis.htm (1201 words)

	Glossary of Water Terms - M
		Meromictic Lake — A lake in which some water remains partly or wholly unmixed with the main water mass at
		The process leading to a meromictic state is called Meromixts.
		layer of a meromictic lake is the Monimolimnion.
	www.battle-creek.net /glossarym.html (1870 words)

	Treatment of Acid Rock Drainage in a Meromictic Mine Pit Lake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Island Copper Mine pit near Port Hardy, Vancouver Island, B.C., Canada, was flooded in 1996 with seawater and capped with fresh water to form a meromictic (permanently stratified) pit lake of maximum depth 350 m and surface area 1.72 km².
		The pit lake is being developed as a treatment system for acid rock drainage.
		If anoxia can be permanently established in the intermediate layer then biogeochemical removal rates may be high enough that fertilization may no longer be necessary.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?0601834 (252 words)

	Diatoms of meromictic lakes adjacent to the Gordon River, and of the Gordon River estuary in south-west Tasmania. ISBN ...
		Diatoms of meromictic lakes adjacent to the Gordon River, and of the Gordon River estuary in south-west Tasmania.
		Two of these lakes are meromictic, one vacillates between meromixis and holomixis, and the last one is holomictic (though might have also been meromictic in the past).
		Comparing the found assemblages to those found in their recent samples, they could reconstruct the development of the place from perhaps a channel to a lake and also the occurrence of meromixis.
	www.schweizerbart.de /pubs/isbn/bo/bibldiatom-3443570267-desc.html (373 words)

	Biology Department at Texas State University : Faculty & Staff
		The interaction between uncultured sulfate-reducing bacteria and purple sulfur bacteria is studied in the meromictic Lake Cadagno, Switzerland, in collaboration with Dr. Mauro Tonolla from the Cantonal Institute of Microbiology in Bellinzona, Switzerland.
		Based on a comprehensive analysis of bacterial diversity in the chemocline of this lake, probes were designed and used to monitor enrichment cultures for up to date uncultured purple sulfur bacteria and associated sulfate-reducing bacteria.
		Tonolla, M., Demarta, A., Peduzzi, R., Hahn, D. In situ analysis of phototrophic sulfur bacteria in the chemocline of meromictic Lake Cadagno (Switzerland).
	www.bio.txstate.edu /~dhahn/dhahn.html (966 words)

	Science in Your Watershed - General Introduction and Hydrologic Definitions
		The process leading to a meromictic state is termed meromixis The perennially stagnant deep layer of a meromictic lake is called the monimolimnion.
		The part of a meromictic lake in which free circulation can occur is called the mixolimnion.
		Thermal stratification (epilimnion, hypolimnion, thermocline), 20; meromictic lake, 14.
	water.usgs.gov /wsc/glossary.html (10025 words)

	Meromictic Lakes Encyclopedia Article @ Laky.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Soap Lake is one of only 11 known meromictic lakes in the United States.
		The water in meromictic lakes separates into layers of...
		For more information, see the article about Meromictic.
	www.laky.org /encyclopedia/Category:Meromictic_lakes (197 words)

	Ph.D. Work (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The results of the Croton study showed that synchronous spectro-fluorometry can be used to quickly estimate the overall natural and anthropogenic organic load in surface water along streams or ground water flow paths in organic-rich environments.
		The results of the oil-contaminated aquifer study showed that conventional dye-tracing is possible in a heavily oil-contaminated aquifer despite the common thinking that organic dyes cannot be used in organic-rich environments.
		The results of the Cadagno study showed that dye-tracing can help trace and understand complex circulation patterns in alpine meromictic lakes and may be used to estimate sub-aquatic spring discharge.
	web.syr.edu /~mhotz/PhD.htm (675 words)

	(GC766) Round Lake National Natural Landmark by Marc & Laurie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Both Round and Green Lakes are meromictic lakes, which means that there is no fall and spring mixing of surface and bottom waters.
		Both Green and Round Lakes are meromictic lakes.
		In a meromictic lake the water on the top doesn't sink to the bottom and mix.
	www.geocaching.com /seek/cache_details.asp?ID=1894 (831 words)

	Limnology
		Meromictic- never totally circulates, very deep, usually tectonic.
		Biogenic meromictic- accumulation of salts due to sediments
		Temperature has a direct effect on living organisms in the lake system.
	mrskingsbioweb.com /Limnology.htm (1236 words)

	Meromictic Lakes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Pink Lake is thought to be a meromictic lake, there is some controversy on this subject.
		A meromictic lake is one which lacks complete cirrculation.
		Sediments are relatively undisturbed and therefore offer a detailed record of the history of the lake.
	hoopermuseum.earthsci.carleton.ca /pinklake/mer1.html (116 words)

	Saccharospirillum impatiens gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel {gamma}-Proteobacterium isolated from hypersaline Ekho Lake ...
		lake is the meromictic, heliothermal and hypersaline Ekho Lake.
		Labrenz, M. and Hirsch, P. Physiological diversity and adaptations of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria from different depths of hypersaline, heliothermal and meromictic Ekho Lake (East Antarctica).
		-diaminopimelic acid-containing actinomycetes from hypersaline, heliothermal and meromictic Antarctic Ekho Lake: Nocardioides aquaticus sp.
	ijs.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/3/653 (2927 words)

	IPY: International Polar Year (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Intercomparison of climate records preserved in polar meromictic lakes (Meromictic Lakes)
		Background The focus of this initiative will be to reconstruct climate variations through time using biological and geological records preserved in meromictic lake sediments.
		The presence of these lakes in many polar locations provides the opportunity to carry out this intercomparison of lake indicators from different locations and hence to reconstruct regional variations in climate over time.
	www.ipy.org /development/eoi/details.php?id=511 (529 words)

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