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Topic: Merychippus

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	Merychippus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Merychippus represents a milestone in the evolution of horses.
		Fossils of Merychippus are found at many late Miocene localities throughout the United States.
		The strong crests of the teeth of Merychippus reminded Professor Leidy (the scientist who named this genus) of the teeth of ruminants.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /natsci/vertpaleo/fhc/merychippus.htm (275 words)

	Merychippus sp. Skull - Fossil Replica
		Merychippus is a horse from the Miocene period.
		Merychippus had high crowned teeth with a hard covering, for grazing on the dust and sand covered grasslands.
		Merychippus gave rise to many species of grazers leading eventually to the line of ‘true equines’ we know and love today.
	www.bhigr.com /store/product.php?productid=127 (242 words)

	Merychippus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Merychippus was the first equine to have the distinctive head of today's horses.
		The foot was fully supported by ligaments, and the middle toe developed into a hoof, which did not have a pad on the bottom.
		Its teeth were like those of Parahippus (the extra crest that was variable in Miohippus was permanent in Merychippus, and the other teeth were beginning to form a series of tall crests with higher crowns).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Merychippus (381 words)

	EC Newspost
		Overall, Merychippus was distinctly recognizable as a horse, and had a horse-like head.
		Merychippus was still 3-toed, but was fully spring-footed.
		Merychippus' teeth were fully high-crowned, with a thick layer of cement, making grazing easier.
	www.angelfire.com /co4/ecnew/newspost/Evolution.html (531 words)

	To : Arthur Biele Subj: Transitions In a msg to David Bloomberg on Sep 18 23:17, Arthur Bi
		Overall, Merychippus was distinctly recognizable as a horse, and had a "horsey" head.
		Merychippus' teeth were fully high-crowned, with a thick layer of cement, and with the same distinctive grazing tooth crests as Parahippus.
		Merychippus underwent rapid speciation, and gave rise to at least 19 new grazing horse species in three major groups.
	www.skepticfiles.org /evolut/horsefaq.htm (7439 words)

	Merychippus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Merychippus was the first equine to have the distinguishable head of today's horses.
		Its teeth were like those of Parahippus (the extra crest that was variable in Miohippus became permanent and the other teeth were beginning to form a series of tall crests with higher crowns).
		By the end of the Miocene, Merychippus was one of the first speedy grazers.
	www.geocities.com /Colosseum/Park/7841/horse_evol/merychippus.html (403 words)

	>>Horse Evolution. Merychippus<< (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The next horse in the chain, one that looked quite similar to todays horses, was the Merychippus.
		This horse stood over 36 inches (ten hands) at the shoulder and although he still had 3 toes there had been some changes.
		The outside toes had now began to shrink in size as they were no longer needed and the foot pad and single toe would begin to develop into what we know as a horse hoof.
	horse-of-dream.by.ru /evol/merychippus-e.html (128 words)

	Feral Horses of the Atlantic Coast
		Merychippus was very horsy in appearance, and stood forty inches at the shoulder, or 10 hands, if you measure him by equine standards.
		Merychippus traveled primarily on his middle toe, the two toes on either side still fully formed but becoming increasingly unimportant.
		Pliohippus was one of the descendants of Merychippus that closely resembled Equus.
	home.att.net /~thepone/feral/evolve.htm (6795 words)

	Fossil Evidence For Evolution
		The orohippus, mesohippus, miohippus, merychippus, and pleshippus are all thought to be transitional fossils, documenting the evolution of the hyracotherium into the modern horse.
		Two of the merychippus’ three toes were smaller than those of the mesohippus and the miohippus, as if it were transitioning to a single-toe.
		The merychippus was followed by the slightly larger single-toed pleshippus which was finally succeeded by the equus (the modern day horse).
	www.allaboutcreation.org /fossil-evidence-for-evolution-faq.htm (709 words)

	Merychippus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Merychippus Merychippus is a proto- horse that lived between ago in million years the Miocene 17 and 11 period.
		Merychippus entwickelte sich zu einer Vielzahl verschiedener Arten echten Pferde,...
		Merychippus represents Fossils of Merychippus are evolution of horses.
	merychippusjrzq.cwexfekuxe.info (552 words)

	Horse - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In the Miocene epoch, Mesohippus was succeeded by Hypohippus and Anchitherium, both of which are thought to have colonized Eurasia from North America.
		Other descendants of Mesohippus were Miohippus and Merychippus; the latter genus developed high-crowned teeth, permitting it to feed by grazing on grass rather than by browsing on leaves.
		Among the descendants of Merychippus in the Pliocene epoch were Hipparion, which apparently spread from North America to Eurasia, and Pliohippus, which appears to be the progenitor (ancestor) of the modern genus Equus.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /text_761562654___2/Horse.html (267 words)

	* HORSE EVOLUTION FAQ * OUTLINE: 1. Historical background why fossil horses are famous 2.
		The brain was notably larger, with a fissured neocortex and a larger cerebellum, making Merychippus a smarter and more agile equine than the earlier horses.
		In the middle Miocene, Merychippus primus gave rise to M. sejunctus and then to M. isonesus.
		The teeth were slightly straighter than Merychippus, and the facial fossae were significantly decreased.
	www.skepticfiles.org /evolut/horseevo.htm (5375 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Merychippus evolved in North America and adapted to the hard grasses of the plains region.
		Merychippus had now increased in size to about 35 inches.
		The feet were without pads and the weight was carried on the enlarged single hoof on the central toe.
	www.imh.org /imh/kyhpl1a.html (1526 words)

	It's a horse, of course!
		This means that the loss of the extra toe occurred after the transition to Mesohippus, and that the number of toes cannot be used to draw a distinction between the Eocene equids and Mesohippus.
		The explanation for horses like Merychippus that have a mixture of “primitive” and “advanced” traits is that the changes in toes and teeth were not proceeding at the same rate.
		Simpson (1953 p.104) draws attention to fossil populations that are “perfectly intermediate between Parahippus and Merychippus and so varying in the ‘diagnostic’ characters that assignment of individuals in a single population could be made to both genera and assignment of the population to one or the other is completely arbitrary”.
	www.biblicalcreation.org.uk /scientific_issues/bcs146.html (6201 words)

	Alles rund um das Pferd / www.Pferde-Freund.com - Evolution
		Dann von 40 bis 25 Millionen Jahren bildeten sich der Mesohippus und der Merychippus heraus.
		Während der Mesohippus noch immer Blätter fraß, fraß der Merychippus bereits Gras.
		Der größere Merychippus überlebte den Mesohippus um ca.
	www.pferde-freund.com /content/view/27/32 (215 words)

	Evolution of the horse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Merychippus had wider molars than its predecessors, which are believed to have been used for crunching the hard grasses of the steppes.
		Three new equids are believed to be descended from the numerous varieties of Merychippus: Hipparion, Protohippus and Pliohippus.
		The main difference was in the structure of tooth enamel: in comparison with other equids, the inside, or tongue side, had a completely isolated parapet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Evolution_of_the_horse (3282 words)

	Ride4Fun.de - Seiten rund um das Pferd :: Evolution der Pferde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Parahippus beschleunigte die Evolution derart, dass späte Entwick- lungsstufen sich kaum noch von vom Merychippus unterscheiden lassen und es nahezu unmöglich ist, eine klare Grenze zwischen den beiden Spezies zu ziehen.
		Auch beim Merychippus waren noch drei Zehen vorhanden, allerdings stand das Tier nur noch auf den Zehenspitzen, die von einem zentralen Huf umgeben waren.
		Einer der ersten Vertreter, der Merychippus primus, gab Anstöße zur Evolution von zwei weiteren Merychippinen, dem Merychippus isonesus und Merychippus sejunctus.
	www.ride4fun.de /content/evolution/evolution.php (1783 words)

	Transitional Fossils FAQ
		Merychippus (Protohippus) -- a subgenus of Merychippus developing Pliohippus-like teeth.
		That's not so; generally at any one time there are a whole raft of successful species, only a few of which happened to leave modern descendents.
		The horse family is a good example; Merychippus gave rise to something like 19 new three-toed grazing horse species, which traveled all over the Old and New Worlds and were very successful at the time.
	www.holysmoke.org /tran-icr.htm (3172 words)

	Horses
		Species of Parahippus and Merychippus are good examples: they were the size of small ponies, with three toes on each foot.
		Sophisticated analysis of jaw motions, revealed by wear patterns on its teeth, show that Merychippus chewed with a jaw action that differed distinctly from that of its predecessors, accentuating sideways slicing and shearing rather than shearing with downward crushing and compression.
		Instead of running on a padded foot, as a tapir does and as earlier horses had done, Merychippus ran on a hoofed foot raised onto the toes, and the side toes were reduced in size and importance.
	www-geology.ucdavis.edu /~cowen/~GEL107/horses.html (1351 words)

	Paleontological Resources of the USGS in Denver
		Merychippus the grass-eater (as are all modern horses)
		Middle Miocene horse Merychippus is represented by several species each reflecting varing degrees of teeth transformations.
		Merychippus, found in numerous Middle Park localities, is a classic example of adaptation to environment.
	esp.cr.usgs.gov /research/fossils/vertebrate.html (614 words)

	Die Evolution des Pferdes - Merychippus
		Merychippus bedeutet "Wiederkäuendes Pferd" - obwohl es sehr unwahrscheinlich ist, daß je ein Vorfahren der heutigen Pferde ein Wiederkäuer war.
		Merychippus entwickelte sich rasch zu einer Vielzahl (mindestens 19) verschiedener Spezies weiter.
		Archaeohippus flbergi (A) shows the sharp points and steep valleys on the lingual side of a browser molar, Merychippus gunteri (B) shows the more rounded points and gentler valleys of a mixed feeder molar and Neohipparion (C) shows the almost flat-worn surface of a grazer molar.
	www.amleto.de /pferd/merych.htm (340 words)

	Horse Evolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It would be another 5 million years (20 to 25 million years ago) before a significant change in the horse evolution change would be seen again.
		The Merychippus began to develop defenses and a heightened sense of smell.
		Several strains and variations of the Merychippus would develop, each one changing more to what we would consider the horse we know today.
	members.tripod.com /cavanaughc/horse_evolution.htm (1813 words)

	Horses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Now looking much more like the modern horse, the pony-sized Merychippus ran on its extra-large toe.
		Merychippus also adapted for plains life in the Miocene: it got tougher teeth for tougher grass.
		Horses developed more during the Pliocene, when the one-toed Pliohippus made an entrance.
	library.advanced.org /20886/horses.htm (219 words)

	Untitled Document
		Fossil teeth of the early horse, Merychippus, which lived 17 million to 11 million years ago.
		The teeth were from Merychippus, a small horse (40 inches tall at the shoulder) that lived 17 million to 11 million years ago.
		Species of this genus had three toes on each foot, but only the center toe touched the ground.
	stripe.colorado.edu /~mitton/Pawnee.htm (638 words)

	Correct Answers for Labs 6 through 11
		Compare the molars and toes of Merychippus to those of Hyracotherium and Mesohippus.
		Merychippus had high crowned cheet teeth with strong crests, Mesohippus had squared teeth, and Hyracotherium had low crowned teeth.
		Merychippus was similar to the Mesohippus in that they both had 3 toes on front and back, however, the Hyracotherium had 4 toes on the front.
	www2.volstate.edu /JSchibig/correctanswerslabs6-11.htm (1827 words)

	So called Horse Evolution
		There is no evidence of a gradual shift as well as other features in common.
		Mesohippus Miohippus, Kalobatippus, Parahippus, and Merychippus are varieties of the same kind of animal, much like the variety among cat and dogs.
		This cap is right were Merychippus' 3 toes would theoretically become Dinohippus' one toe.
	genesismission.4t.com /transition/Horses.html (278 words)

	World Almanac for Kids
		In the Miocene epoch Mesohippus was succeeded by Hypohippus and Anchitherium, both of which are thought to have colonized the Old World from North America.
		Among the descendants of Merychippus in the Pliocene epoch were Hipparion, which apparently spread from North America to the Old World, and Pliohippus, which appears to be the progenitor of the modern genus Equus.
		In each of these developmental stages the animal showed an increase in general size and a reduction in the size of the supplementary toes present in Eohippus.
	www.worldalmanacforkids.com /explore/animals/horse.html (1817 words)

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