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Topic: Meskhetians

In the News (Thu 31 Dec 09)

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Hugh Jackman

	REPATRIATION AND ADAPTATION OF GEORGIA’S MESKHETIANS:
		Perceptions, fears and expectations of deported Meskhetians who want to return to Georgia and those of the indigenous population who will be their neighbours need to be understood and taken into account in the repatriation planning process.
		To measure attitude of Meskhetians towards Georgians and Turks and of locals towards Meskhetians and Turks Bogardus Social Distance Scale was incorporated in the interviews.
		Refusal of declaring Georgian identity by Meskhetians living outside Georgia seem to fuel the feeling of national humiliation of Georgian population which is intensified as a result of secession of autonomous entities of Oseti and Abkhazia.
	www.policy.hu /sumbadze/osiipf.html (2801 words)

	Meskhetians - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Meskhetians (Meskhs) are ethnic Georgians, indigenous population of Meskheti (Samtskhe-Javakheti province of Georgia).
		Meskhetian Turks are the former Muslim inhabitants of Meskheti (Georgia), along the border with Turkey.
		Meskhetians settling in Krasnodar Krai of Russia nourished an "anti-Turkish" sentiment among the local Cossack population.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Meskhetian_Turks (370 words)

	Meskhetians in Krasnodar Krai in 2004
		Meskhetian Turks in Krasnodar Krai, a southern region of Russia, is a directly and blatantly persecuted minority group.
		The programme covered the Meskhetians who lived in Krasnodar Krai without residence registration, allowed them to apply for refugee status and to get a package of social benefits on their resettlement to the U.S. The programme was administered by the IOM and actively carried out throughout the year.
		By the end of the year, Sarvar Tedorov, a Meskhetian leader in Krymsk district told that from 10 December the police had started to impose fines automatically on those Turks who had their Russian citizenship documented in other regions of Russia and who were applying for temporary registration in Krymsk and Abinsk districts.
	www.memo.ru /hr/discrim/meskh04e.htm (3217 words)

	Meskhetians - Wikinfo
		Meskhetians (Meskhs) are ethnic Georgians, indigenous population of Meskheti (Samtskhe-Javakheti region of theRepublic of Georgia).
		Meskhetian Turks are the former Muslim inhabitants of Meskheti (Georgia), along the border with Turkey.
		In May 1989 a pogrom of Meskhetian Turks occurred in Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan as a result of growing ethnic tensions in the overcrowded and poverty-ridden area of Fergana.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Meskhetians (658 words)

	Russia: IOM Expects Up To 10,000 Meskhetians To Apply For U.S. Refugee Status - RADIO FREE EUROPE / RADIO LIBERTY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Meskhetians will be eligible for permanent resident status one year after their arrival and, after another four years, for American citizenship.
		Today's Meskhetians -- also known as Meskhis -- are the survivors or the descendants of a roughly 100,000-strong rural Muslim population of southern Georgia that Soviet leader Josef Stalin ordered deported on 15 November 1944.
		Although Meskhetians themselves disagree on whether they descend from ethnic Turks sent to Georgia under Ottoman rule or Islamicized Georgians, they are generally described as "Turks" and perceived as such in most of the former Soviet Union.
	www.rferl.org /featuresarticle/2004/04/227e652d-0515-4449-beb1-4c861a659136.html (1624 words)

	Union of Councils for Soviet Jews: Meskhetian Turks in Krasnodar on the Brink of Expulsion
		Meskhetian Turks in Krasnodar on the Brink of Expulsion
		Between 15,000-18,000 Meskhetian Turks (or Meskhetians) reside in Krasnodar Krai, a southern region of Russia, and are currently in danger of mass expulsion by regional authorities.
		In 2001, two Meskhetians whose access to court was denied brought an action before the European Court on Human Rights under articles 6(1), 13 and 14 of the ECHR and are awaiting a decision.
	www.fsumonitor.com /stories/041602Russia.shtml (1441 words)

	Middle East Institute: Policy Brief
		Tensions between Meskhetians and other groups came to a head in 1989 with what Pohl characterized as a pogrom against a Meskhetian community living in the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan: about 100 Meskhetians were killed and their houses burnt.
		Pohl says Meskhetians have bonded closer in their sense of “Turkishness” over the course of the last 60 years, though many appear to be integrated into their new regions.
		Meskhetians have not issued formal statements on the pipeline, Pohl says, but questions of compensation will have to be addressed in the near future.
	www.mideasti.org /articles/doc199.html (815 words)

	MINELRES: Meskhetians in Krasnodar in 2003
		By Alexander Osipov Meskhetian Turks in Krasnodar Krai, a southern region of Russia, is an overtly persecuted minority group.
		Meskhetians, like other people who did not have propiska by 1992 and in defiance to the Russian citizenship law of 1991 are not officially recognised as Russian nationals.
		The total number of Meskhetian civil cases throughout the year was 30, and 27 of them were in process by the end of the year.
	lists.delfi.lv /pipermail/minelres/2004-January/003157.html (3131 words)

	Georgia Today on the Web
		Meskhetians have sought to return to their homeland virtually from the moment of the lifting of the special settlement regime in 1956.
		The Vatan Society movement’s inability to maintain the cohesiveness of the Meskhetian community was a significant factor in the creation of an alternative organization known as Hsna (Salvation).
		Even though the majority of Meskhetians say that they are Georgians, one can easily observe that not only their religion but also their ethnicity is mostly Turkish and not Georgian.
	www.georgiatoday.ge /article_details.php?id=171 (1039 words)

	1
		The ‘real’ ethnic origin of Muslim Meskhetians, however, continues to be a point of contention among historians, some of whom reject the hypothesis of Islamicized Georgians and believe Muslim Meskhetian population to be descendants of Turkic tribes in the first place.
		Meskhetians who reach the age of 16 are not able to get passports, and older people cannot restore them in the case of lost.
		In this scenario, the Muslim Meskhetian are expected to outnumber everybody else in the province of Samtskhe-Javakheti, demand autonomy for it and eventually claim union with Turkey.
	www.policy.hu /sumbadze/Nana--Meskhetians5.html (7253 words)

	Meskhetians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Majority (more than 80%) of Meskhetian Turks are ethnic Turks (Yerli and Terekeme) and Kurds and Muslim Armenians, minority (about 20%) - descendants of indigenous Georgians forced into Islam in the 17th-18th centuries.
		Starting in February of 2004, and in cooperation with the governments of Russia and the United States (the State Department's Bureau for Population, Refugees and Migration--PRM), the International Organization for Migration started a program to resettle Meskhetian Turks from the Krasnodarskiy Kray to the United States.
		It is licensed under the GNU free documentation license.
	pda.molinu.com /wiki/en/me/Meskhetians.htm (342 words)

	Caucasus Foundation
		Meskhetian deported from Krasnodar Krai, in 2002 is double.
		All plots of land, that Meskhetians have in rent, should be taken away from them till the April, 20, 2002.
		The source informs, that this discrimination measure is distributed absolute to all Meskhetians, living in Krasnodar region, despite temporary or constant registration, even despite the Russian citizenship.
	www.kafkas.org.tr /english/ajans/2002/nisan/10.04.2002_Meskhetians_Kurds_.htm (189 words)

	[No title]
		The Meskhetians have also cons t antly suffered "inspections", which are really unlawful searches and seizures, where they are subject to violence and harassment by the extreme nationalist paramilitary units known as the Cossacks.
		Meanwhile, the Meskhetians by June 2002 won 24 cases on recognition of the judicial fact of permanent residence in Russia on 6 February 1992.
		Some elements of the policies towards the Meskhetian Turks, in particular arbitrary detentions a nd arrests, refusals to register people at their places of residence or stay, threats to oust people from the places of their residence, dismissals and refusals to employ them, refusals to draw up personal documents can be interpreted as apartheid.
	kpd.nvrsk.ru /eng/cerd-rep.rtf (6256 words)

	Don Macnaughtan - Lane Community College Library - Bibliography of the Meskhetians
		The flag of the Meskhetian people is a horizontal tricolor of white, red and fl, with a vertical green stripe on the hoist, charged with a white crescent moon.
		The Meskhetians originally lived in the Meskhetian Range, a region in the south of the Republic of Georgia, along the Turkish border.
		"Meskhetian Turks, Kurds and Khemshils." Ethnic Cleansing in the USSR, 1937-1949.
	www.lanecc.edu /library/don/meskflag.htm (1042 words)

	(STALIN TODAY) Tall Armenian Tale: The Other Side of the Falsified Genocide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Gasanov is a Meskhetian Turk and his people -- down to the three-year-old peeping round the door with her huge dark eyes -- are still paying for Soviet dictator Josef Stalin's decision to deport them en masse in the last days of World War Two.
		But the Meskhetians -- originally from the west side of Georgia just across the border with Turkey -- are one of the last peoples deported by Stalin to remain in exile, denied the all-important internal passports and access to state services.
		Denied legal registration, the Meskhetians are effectively refused state housing, benefits, medical care, state-owned land and passports.
	www.tallarmeniantale.com /Stalin.htm (1311 words)

	meskhetians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Meskhetians (Meskhs) are ethnic Georgians, indigenous population of Meskheti...
		Meskhetians` Repatriation Issue Still Remains Unsolved 125 000 Muslim Meskhetians were deported from southern Georgia to Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and...
		Stalin distrusted the Meskhetians' potentially pro-Turk leanings; an estimated 30000–50000 of the 200000 deported died in the process.
	www.yesprice.it /search/Meskhetians.htm (309 words)

	Meskhetians Head for America :. Press :. THE CHECHEN TIMES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Meskhetian Turks, who generally prefer to call themselves “Ahiska Turks”, are a close-knit group who lived in southern Georgia for generations.
		The majority of the Meskhetians are not registered locally and this means that they cannot register their marriages or their cars or get international passports.
		The Russian federal authorities have remained more of a detached onlooker than active participant in resolving the Meskhetian issue, and the breakthrough is being hailed by local non-governmental organisations as a success for their activism.
	www.chechentimes.org /en/press?id=20358 (945 words)

	[No title]
		Meskhetian Turks work very hard and are enviously noted for their work by others in the Krai.
		Meskhetian women are in charge of cooking and would be familiar with stoves and ovens, but not a microwave or other high-end appliances (blenders, mixers, etc.).
		Meskhetian girls tend to marry young, in their teens, usually to boys whom they know.
	www.tacam.org /Documents/AhiskaTurksQA.doc (1322 words)

	ecoi.net - Focus countries » Georgia » Specific groups and issues (Meshketians)
		The Meskhetian Turks are one of the last of the national groups of the Soviet Union deported by Stalin in 1943—44, who have not yet been able to return to their native region (in southwest Georgia).
		He noted that the Meskhetian Turks have wanted to return to Georgia for 60 years, but that with no opportunities for work, or any means to support their families, they have been forced to stay where they are.
		The return of Meskhetian Turks to Georgia is hampered by the delay in the fulfilment by Georgia of the commitment undertaken upon its accession to the Council of Europe, to adopt a legal framework permitting repatriation and integration of Meshketian Turks.
	www.ecoi.net /doc/en/ge/content/7/2277-2338 (4747 words)

	Virginia Department of Health
		The biggest impediment for the Meskhetian Turks is the hostile administrative authorities and the paramilitary Cossacks that harass and bother the Meskhetians.
		The hostility towards the Meskhetians is greatest of all the Caucasian nationalities (i.e., those from the Caucasus, not Caucasian as used in the U.S.), though generally all persons who are non-white suffer from the xenophobia present in the Krai.
		According to the 1991 citizenship law, Meskhetian Turks should be granted citizenship based on the criteria of primary residence in the Russian Federation and not revoking the right to citizenship.
	www.vdh.state.va.us /epidemiology/DiseasePrevention/Programs/NewcomerHealth/mturkbgr.htm (865 words)

	Feature News
		The Meskhetians were not allowed to sell their property and prepare for the move.
		However, in the Krasnodar Krai the Meskhetian Turks face hostility from administrative authorities and the paramilitary Cossacks and are consistently denied their rights.
		Meskhetians are sometimes evicted from their houses because of a lack of formal ownership documents.
	www.kyrm.org /news (441 words)

	MINELREL-L Archive (09251998-09:13:44-20182) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		On 15 November 1944, the entire Meskhetian population of several districts in southwestern Georgia, totaling between 150,000 and 200,000 people, were loaded into rail cars and transported to Central Asia.
		A further catastrophe hit the Meskhetians in the summer of 1989, when approximately 100 were killed in ethnic clashes in Uzbekistan's Fergana valley.
		The Georgians and Armenians who for the past 50 years have inhabited the villages from which the Meskhetians were originally deported in 1944 threatened to take up arms to prevent their return.
	www.arts.uwaterloo.ca /minelres/archive/09251998-09:13:44-20182.html (853 words)

	MRFE/RL CAUCASUS REPORT / Diplomatic Observer
		The threatened expulsion of the Meskhetians from Krasnodar is only the most recent misfortune to befall a community that through no fault of its own has become a political football.
		A further obstacle to the return of the Meskhetians to southwestern Georgia is the unequivocal objections of the region's large Armenian population, an indeterminate number of whom support demands by the Virk political movement for territorial autonomy within Georgia.
		Asked during a recent visit to Baku why the Meskhetians should not be allowed to settle in those villages, Georgian parliament Speaker Nino Burdjanadze said that Georgia cannot cope at present with a massive influx of Meskhetian resettlers in addition to the hundreds of thousands of displaced persons from Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
	www.diplomatikgozlem.com /english/news_read.asp?id=413 (4796 words)

	MINELRES: Meskhetians in Krasnodar in 2004
		Original sender: Alexander Osipov Alexander Osipov, The Human Rights Centre 'Memorial Moscow, Russia 17 January 2005 Meskhetians in Krasnodar Krai in 2004 Meskhetian Turks in Krasnodar Krai, a southern region of Russia, is a directly and blatantly persecuted minority group.
		The resettlement programme for the Meskhetians The programme covered the Meskhetians who lived in Krasnodar Krai without residence registration, allowed them to apply for refugee status and to get a package of social benefits on their resettlement to the U.S. The programme was administered by the IOM and actively carried out throughout the year.
		Meskhetian Turks and the regional mass media There were two peaks of hate speech against Meskhetian Turks: one in the beginning of the year and the other one in July.
	lists.microlink.lv /pipermail/minelres/2005-January/003781.html (3308 words)

	MRFE/RL CAUCASUS REPORT / Diplomatic Observer
		The threatened expulsion of the Meskhetians from Krasnodar is only the most recent misfortune to befall a community that through no fault of its own has become a political football.
		A further obstacle to the return of the Meskhetians to southwestern Georgia is the unequivocal objections of the region's large Armenian population, an indeterminate number of whom support demands by the Virk political movement for territorial autonomy within Georgia.
		Asked during a recent visit to Baku why the Meskhetians should not be allowed to settle in those villages, Georgian parliament Speaker Nino Burdjanadze said that Georgia cannot cope at present with a massive influx of Meskhetian resettlers in addition to the hundreds of thousands of displaced persons from Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
	www.diplomaticobserver.com /news_read.asp?id=413 (4796 words)

	Chapter Four (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The reluctance of Georgian authorities to move ahead on Meskhetian repatriation is better understood when the issue is placed in the context of the overall political and economic conditions in the Transcaucasian nation.
		Although Georgia is not culpable for the 1944 deportation of Meskhetians, Georgian legislators perceived that their country was being expected to cope alone with remedying the injustice.
		All their [Meskhetian] land has been redistributed and if they were to return they might try to get it back.
	www.osi.hu /fmp/html/meskfour.html (3583 words)

	MINELRES: Wall Street Journal on Meskhetians
		The Meskhetians are two-time exiles: Deported by Stalin from their Black Sea homeland, then expelled from Central Asia, many now live without citizenship in southern Russia, where Cossack vigilantes regularly beat them.
		The Meskhetian Turks can claim a place on a new "nonmenacing" list for three reasons: They have no link to terror; they are close enough to civilization for Americans to meet them in safety; and they have been living in misery for 60 years.
		As Cossacks hound them toward statelessness, the Meskhetians seem to satisfy all views on the uses of resettlement: They are both long-sufferers and urgently in need of rescue.
	lists.delfi.lv /pipermail/minelres/2003-December/003112.html (2100 words)

	MINELRES - Memorial letter on Meskhetians, December 1997
		The Krasnodar regional administration regularly declares, that it stands for compulsory eviction of the Meskhetian Turks from the territory, for the last time statements of this kind were made at the special meeting on interethnic relation held by the regional government in Krasnodar on 18-19 November.
		The Meskhetians in Krasnodar Territory continue to be arbitrary deprived of permanent registration (the latter in practice means residence permission given by the local administration).
		Those certificates allowed Meskhetians to re-register their vehicles for the corresponding period and to be employed on a short-term basis (not more than 2 months).
	www.minelres.lv /min/meskh/memrep1.htm (2304 words)

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