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Topic: Mesobatrachia

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	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Mesobatrachia
		Mesobatrachia is the second largest of the Anura suborders of amphibians.
		The name suggests they are moderately old (compared to the prefixes archeo- "ancient" and neo- "new" of the other two suborders).
		Mesobatrachia are a relatively new group, only having been identified as such in 1993.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Mesobatrachia (177 words)

	Salientia
		Mesobatrachia (Node F) Ford and Cannatella (1993) applied the name Mesobatrachia to the node that is the most recent common ancestor of the living Pelobatoidea and Pipoidea.
		Synapomorphies of Mesobatrachia include closure of the frontoparietal fontanelle by juxtaposition of the frontoparietal bones, partial closure of the hyoglossal sinus by the ceratohyals (=hyalia), absence of the taenia tecti medialis, and absence of the taenia tecti transversum (Cannatella, 1985; Sokol, 1981).
		Mesobatrachia as proposed by Laurent (1979) was a paraphyletic group.
	www.zo.utexas.edu /research/salientia/salientia.html (2810 words)

	Mesobatrachia \| THG Lexikon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Mesobatrachia – zu Deutsch etwa „Mittlere Froschlurche“ oder „Mäßig entwickelte Froschlurche“ – ist eine phylogenetisch ältere Unterordnung aus der Ordnung Froschlurche, die wiederum zur Klasse der Lurche (Amphibien) gehört.
		Die formale Abtrennung von der Unterordnung Archaeobatrachia ist allerdings ein recht neuer Vorschlag von 1993, der in vielen Übersichten noch nicht nachvollzogen wurde.
		Mit 168 Arten aus sechs Familien werden nur rund drei Prozent aller Froschlurcharten zu den Mesobatrachia gerechnet.
	www.tomshardware.de /lexikon/Mesobatrachia (415 words)

	Mesobatrachia - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
		Mesobatrachia es el segundo suborden más grande de Anura o anfibios.
		Mesobatrachia es un grupo relativamente nuevo grupo, sugerido como tal en 1993.
		Mitochondrial phylogeny of Anura (Amphibia): A case study of congruent phylogenetic reconstruction using amino acid and nucleotide characters.
	es.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mesobatrachia (141 words)

	RedOrbit - Science - Archaeobatrachian Paraphyly and Pangaean Diversification of Crown- Group Frogs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Pipoid and pelobatoid frogs were generally considered transitional lineages, either paraphyletic with respect to Neobatrachia (Lynch, 1973; Duellman and Trueb, 1986), or forming a clade (Mesobatrachia; Laurent, 1979; Ford and Cannatella, 1993).
		Intriguingly, this suggests that the last common ancestor of living frogs may have had an appearance that was very similar to those of present-day Ascaplnis and Leiopclma.
		Molecular studies as well failed to reach a consensus on the phylogenetic position of pipoids and corroborated either the Mesobatrachia hypothesis (Hillis et al., 1993; Garcia-Paris et alv 2003), a sister group relationship with the Neobatrachia (Kjer, 1995; Hoegg et al., 2004), or a trichotomy with Amphicoela and Discoglossoidea (Hay et al., 1995).
	www.redorbit.com /news/display?id=141485&source=r_science (7697 words)

	Xenopus tropicalis-UniGene Build #34
		cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Fungi/Metazoa group; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Coelomata; Deuterostomia; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Tetrapoda; Amphibia; Batrachia; Anura; Mesobatrachia; Pipoidea; Pipidae; Xenopodinae; Xenopus; Silurana;
		Known genes are from GenBank 07 Nov 2006
		Histogram of cluster sizes for UniGene Str build 34
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /UniGene/UGOrg.cgi?TAXID=8364 (69 words)

	Xenopus laevis-UniGene Build #72
		cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Fungi/Metazoa group; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Coelomata; Deuterostomia; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Gnathostomata; Teleostomi; Euteleostomi; Sarcopterygii; Tetrapoda; Amphibia; Batrachia; Anura; Mesobatrachia; Pipoidea; Pipidae; Xenopodinae; Xenopus; Xenopus;
		Known genes are from GenBank 13 Nov 2006
		Histogram of cluster sizes for UniGene Xl build 72
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /UniGene/UGOrg.cgi?TAXID=8355 (69 words)

	Amazon.com: "freeze tolerant species": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		See all pages with references to freeze tolerant species.
		24-25, 25, 30, 105, 147 Archaeobatrachia, 29, 32 Mesobatrachia, 33, 35, 36, 37 Neobatrachia, 40, 47, 52, 55, 56, 65 freeze-tolerant species, 11, 85, 96, 148 frog-leg trade, 69, 107-108,...
		Key Phrases in this book: North America, United States, Family Hylidae, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Family Ranidae, parsley frogs, tadpole phase, fossil frogs, ghost frog, coqui frog, chytrid fungus (See more)
	www.amazon.com /phrase/freeze-tolerant-species (542 words)

	UNSW Embryology- Frog Development
		The toad has a poisonous secretion that is extremely toxic and should be handled with care at all times.
		Eukaryotae; mitochondrial eukaryotes; Metazoa; Chordata;Vertebrata; Amphibia; Batrachia; Anura; Mesobatrachia; Pipoidea;Pipidae; Xenopodinae; Xenopus
		Taxonomy Id: 8404 Preferred common name: northern leopard frog Rank: species
	embryology.med.unsw.edu.au /OtherEmb/frog.htm (1312 words)

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