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Topic: Mesophytic

In the News (Sat 26 Dec 09)

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	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests (NA0402)
		The Appalachian Mixed Mesophytic Forests ecoregion encompasses the moist broadleaf forests that cover the plateaus and rolling hills west of the Appalachian Mountains.
		Mixed mesophytic forests acted as a mesic refuge during drier glacial epochs for a wide range of taxa.
		The Mixed Mesophytic Forests ecoregion was based on an aggregation of several of Omernik's level III ecoregions.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/na/na0402_full.html (2153 words)

	Greater Flagstaff Forest Partnership
		Mean annual air temperatures (MAAT) for xerophytic and mesophytic forests are 9 and 6 degrees C in the HSM zone, and 5 to 7 degrees C and 4 degrees C the HSC zone, respectively (table 1).
		In mesophytic forests at elevations 2,400 to 3,000 m (elevations vary according to latitude and local conditions), ponderosa pine is a major seral tree in 11 forest associations (USFS 1986, 1987a).
		In mesophytic pine forests, the death of large trees may be important to maintain shade intolerant trees such as ponderosa pine, aspen, and gambel oak.
	www.gffp.org /pine/ecology.htm (10399 words)

	Stream bed - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The nature of any stream bed is always a function of the flow dynamics and the local geologic materials influenced by that flow.
		With small streams in mesophytic regions, the nature of the stream bed is strongly responsive to conditions of precipitation runoff.
		Where natural conditions of either grassland or forest ameliorate peak flows, streambeds are stable, possibly rich with organic matter, and exhibit minimal scour.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stream_bed (335 words)

	Green Salamander, Aneides aeneus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A separate and smaller cluster of populations, or “disjunct” population, occurs in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains of Georgia, South Carolina, and southwest North Carolina.
		The Green Salamander is primarily considered a rock-crevice dwelling species easily identified by the presence of greenish lichen colored patches on a fl dorsum, a flattened body, long legs, and squared toe-tips.
		Individuals of the Blue Ridge populations typically inhabit shaded rock outcrops in mixed mesophytic forests between 500 and 1,300 meters in elevation.
	www.chattoogariver.org /Articles/2001SS/GreenSalamander.htm (1204 words)

	TABS Species Account TN06012
		Outside of the regions where the mixed mesophytic forest is typically developed, the salamander lives only in rock crevices in close association with small isolated stands of mixed mesophytic forest existing there under special microclimatic conditions 899.
		Outside of the region where the mixed mesophytic forest is typically developed, this species lives only in rock crevices in close association with small isolated stands of mixed mesophytic forest existing there under special microclimatic conditions 899.
		Outside of the regions where the mixed mesophytic forest is dev eloped, they live only in rock crevices in close association with small isolated stands of mixed mesophytic forest, existing there under special micro-climatic conditions 899.
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /TN/TN06012.htm (1799 words)

	The Nature Conservancy in Ohio - Rothenbuhler Woods (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The 44-acre preserve is situated on a north-facing slope that reaches from the edge of Sunfish Creek to the top of Irish Ridge which flanks the valley.
		Instead of a few tree species being dominant, as in the beech-maple and oak-hickory forests, dominance in mixed mesophytic forests is shared by twenty to twenty-five species.
		It is the steep slopes of the Sunfish Creek valley that indirectly led to the preservation of the woods.
	www.nature.org /wherewework/northamerica/states/ohio/preserves/art3096.html (435 words)

	Temperate Deciduous Forest Biome
		The mixed mesophytic forest region is in the centrally located and topographically diverse Appalachian and Cumberland Plateaus.
		The mixed mesophytic region is thought to be the center of dispersal from which the other forest regions in the biome were formed.
		The Appalachian oak forest region lies to the east, north, and southeast of the mixed mesophytic forest.
	www.cnr.vt.edu /dendro/Forsite/tdfbiome.htm (826 words)

	TDEC:TN Conservationist Magazine: Waterfalls, Virgin Forest and Spring Wildflowers
		The upper slopes of this gorge exhibit a typical mixed mesophytic forest, while the lower slopes are dominated by hemlock-white pine mixed mesophytic forest.
		Mixed mesophytic forests are among the most biologically diverse ecosystems in the United States and are characterized by a large number of co-dominant tree species including basswood, buckeye, maple, hemlock, and poplar, rich moist soils, and a high diversity of forest flora.
		The surrounding upland forests are dryer and are composed mainly of a typical Cumberland Plateau oak-hickory forest with scattered southern yellow pines, especially along the gorge escarpments.
	www.state.tn.us /environment/tn_consv/archive/waterfalls.htm (1121 words)

	An Ordination of the Plant Communities of the Jackson Purchase Region of Kentucky
		Mixed mesophytic forests were nearly confined to the highly dissected loess bluffs although one mixed mesophytic stand in the Sand Hill section of Graves County clustered with those of the bluffs.
		According to Braun (1950), the vegetation of the Mississippi Embayment section of her Western Mesophytic Forest Region in which the JPR lies is a mosaic of unlike types including prairies, oak hickory forest, swamp forest, and mixed mesophytic communities.
		Braun (1950) wrote that if it were not for the mixed mesophytic communities of the loess bluffs, she would have included the JPR in her Oak-Hickory Forest Region rather than the Western Mesophytic.
	www.apsu.edu /field_biology/center/sym2001/botany.htm (2973 words)

	Kentucky - Mary Breckinridge Nature Preserve
		The preserve is bisected north and south by the Middle Fork of the Kentucky River.
		In addition to the Appalachian mesophytic forest and Solidago, the preserve is also home to one of the largest populations of white wood-mint (Synandra hispidula) in the state.
		Priorities include protecting the community of Appalachian mesophytic forest and Solidago, especially from off-road vehicle use, and to eliminate invasive species that thrive along the riverbank.
	www.nature.org /wherewework/northamerica/states/kentucky/preserves/art11268.html (141 words)

	CPD: South America, Site SA12, Atlantic Moist Forest of Southern Bahia, Brazil
		70,500 km²: 33,500 km² wet forest and 37,000 km² mesophytic forest; fragmented extent remaining is unknown, probably 35%.
		Sequentially inland: littoral "restinga" forest, moist (wet to mesophytic) forests, liana forest.
		This forest appears to be stratified, with lower, canopy and emergent layers; epiphytes (especially ferns, aroids and bromeliads) and lianas are common.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /botany/projects/cpd/sa/sa12.htm (2147 words)

	RedOrbit - Science - The Vascular Flora of an Old-Growth Mixed Mesophytic Forest in Southeastern Kentucky
		This location is representative of the larger Rugged Eastern section of the Cumberland Plateau and is near the geographic center of the mixed mesophytic forest described by Braun (1950).
		Because the study site is one of the best examples of old- growth mixed mesophytic forest remaining in North America, efforts were made to minimize the number of collections and to only collect material necessary to identify \individual specimens (e.g., collecting the flowering material only).
		SWANSON, A. Woody vegetation and vascular flora of an old-growth mixed mesophytic forest in southwestern Ohio.
	www.redorbit.com /news/science/406408/the_vascular_flora_of_an_oldgrowth_mixed_mesophytic_forest_in/index.html?source=r_science (3378 words)

	Fifty years of partial harvesting in a mixed mesophytic forest: composition and productivity
		In this study, species composition, diversity, and net periodic growth of tree species in a mixed mesophytic forest in the central Appalachians were evaluated after about a half century of management.
		Three partial cutting practices on 18 research compartments and on 3 unmanaged reference compartments were evaluated (1951-2001) on 280 ha.
		Schuler, Thomas M. Fifty years of partial harvesting in a mixed mesophytic forest: composition and productivity Canadian Journal of Forest Research.
	www.treesearch.fs.fed.us /pubs/7944 (446 words)

	Ohio River Valley Ecosystem Team
		The dense, mixed mesophytic forest contains a fair abundance of two indicator species, white basswood and yellow buckeye, in a total group of 15 to 20 dominant species.
		The western mesophytic forest is marked by a transition from extensive mixed mesophytic communities in the east to extensive oak and oak-hickory communities in the west.
		The western mesophytic forest is less dense, has few dominants, and usually lacks the two indicator species of the mixed mesophytic forest.
	www.fws.gov /orve/stratplan.html (3302 words)

	Identifying Reference Conditions for Riparian Areas of Ohio, Central Till Plains, Beech-Maple
		These finding are similar to those reported by Braun (1936) in her descriptive comparison of ravine slope forests and flats within the Illinoian till plains region of southwestern Ohio.
		Similar relationships were observed along a small stream draining a large ravine and two main branches with swampy, flat-bottomed floors at the Hazelwood Botanical Preserve (HBP), also in Hamilton County (Figure 2).
		Irwin (1920) reported that the extremely steep bluff was almost bare of vegetation, whereas the ravines supported a mesophytic habitat where northern red oak (Quercus rubra) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum) were dominant.
	ohioline.osu.edu /sc192/central_till_plains.html (1374 words)

	Southern Ridge and Valley, Physiographic Area 13 - Executive Summary
		Upland deciduous forest, the most common naturally-occurring cover type, is predominantly mixed mesophytic, oak-hickory, or oak-pine forest.
		It is recommended that at least eight upland hardwood forest patches greater than 4,000 ha be sustained and that the number of such patches in the 4,000 to 40,000 ha range be increased.
		More than 80% of the mixed mesophytic hardwood acreage within these patches should be managed for long rotation or old growth.
	www.blm.gov /wildlife/pl_13sum.htm (377 words)

	Abstract 6160 from Intl. Bot. Congress 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		We examined the soil seed bank (SSB) and aboveground vegetation (AGV) of an old-growth mixed mesophytic forest in Ohio.
		Thirty-five quadrats were sampled on a N- and S-facing slope for vegetative cover and soil borne seeds.
		Species richness of the SSB may be as high as the AGV in mixed mesophytic vegetation.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/ibc99/ibc/abstracts/listen/abstracts/6160.html (165 words)

	Tending the Commons: Folklife and Landscape in Southern West Virginia - Stalking the Mother Forest: Voices Beneath the ...
		Whereas most forest types are dominated by two or three species, the mixed mesophytic harbors eighty woody species in its canopy and understory.
		Among them are beech, yellow poplar, basswood, sugar maple, chestnut, sweet buckeye, red oak, white oak, yellow locust, birch, fl cherry, cucumber tree, white ash, red maple, sour gum, fl walnut, and various kinds of hickory.
		In the 1950s, Braun returned to the Central Appalachian coves to examine a second-growth forest that remained "mixed mesophytic." In the 1990s, however, ecologists are warning that airborne nitrogen, sulfates, and ozone from the Kanawha, Ohio, and Tennessee river basins may be dealing the forest a fatal blow.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/collections/tending/essay3a.html (499 words)

	Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition
		In West Virginia indicators of mixed mesophytic forest canopies are basswood, sugar maple, tulip tree, eastern hemlock, American beech, mountain magnolia, cucumber magnolia, umbrella magnolia, and red oak.
		A fine web site explaining mixed mesophytic forest is http://wvnvm.wvnet.edu/...
		There is a good deal of variability in the types of trees and vegetation in West Virginia, depending upon their location within the state.
	www.ohvec.org /old_site/forests03.htm (279 words)

	Three Decades of Overstory and Species Change in a Mixed Mesophytic Forest in Eastern Kentucky Castanea - Find Articles
		The objectives of this study were to document changes, between 1971 and 1999, in overstory vegetation structure and composition at Lilley Cornett Woods (LCW), an old-growth mixed mesophytic forest in eastern Kentucky.
		More than 80 years ago, the structure and composition of the eastern deciduous forest began to be altered by the fungal-induced death of the American chestnut [Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.] (Braun 1950, Woods and Shanks 1959).
		As one of the dominant trees in the Mixed Mesophytic forest, chestnut reached its greatest size and density in the southern Appalachian Mountains before the Asian pathogenic ascomycete, [Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr.], entered the United States in the early 1900s and prompted the tree's demise (Braun 1950, Keever 1953).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4060/is_200506/ai_n14799591 (454 words)

	Conservation Biology
		longleaf pine savannas or mesophytic hardwood forests in Louisiana.
		Prowell, D.P. Additions and corrections to macrolepidoptera in Landau and Prowell (1999a and b), partial checklists of moths from longleaf pine savannas and mesophytic hardwood forests in Louisiana.
		Intensive versus longterm sampling to assess lepidopteran diversity in a southern mixed mesophytic forest.
	entomology.lsu.edu /prowell/cons.htm (426 words)

	Hopewell Culture National Historical Park - Nature & Science
		Hopewell Mound Group contains approximately 72 acres of semi-mature mixed mesophytic forest (mix of oaks, hickory, beech, sugar maple, ash, yellow poplar, and basswood) with a healthier understory.
		, contains 45 acres of early successional mixed mesophytic forest, with a very thick understory filled with non-natives.
		Seip Earthworks is located near Paint Creek, where a 3-acre strip of riparian woodland exists, along with a mature riparian woodland along the northern edge and a small tallgrass prairie.
	www.nps.gov /hocu/pphtml/subplants21.html (151 words)

	ACES News Service (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Trees in a mesophytic forest prefer moderate climate and soil moisture.
		In areas farther west of the Cumberland Mountains with dryer conditions, such as Illinois, the extent of the mesophytic forest comes to an end.
		Since 1975, Edgington has been taking inventories of trees at sites in Illinois, Kentucky and Indiana in an attempt to document changes in species composition and ecosystem structure over time.
	www.aces.uiuc.edu /news/stories/news1939.html (666 words)

	Bedford Audubon Society - Natural History of the Hunt-Parker Sanctuary
		Known as mixed mesophytic forest, the dominating feature of this forest is a lack of dominant tree species, unlike most forests in North America.
		Mesophytic forest may be found from northern New Jersey through southwestern Connecticut.
		On the ridge tops and rocky hillsides with poor soils, one may find numerous species of oaks, including fl, chestnut, red, white and scarlet.
	www.bedfordaudubon.org /sanctuary/sanct04b.html (424 words)

	Forest patch size, land use, and mesic forest herbs in the French Broad river basin.
		Disturbance negatively affected the coverage of old-growth indicator species, lilies, and mesophytic species.
		Differences in patch size, given the same level of disturbance, did not significantly affect the coverage of old-growth indicators and mesophytic species.
		The abiotic factors having the greatest influence on coverage of cove and mesophytic species were: soil humic matter and soil pH.
	coweeta.ecology.uga.edu /eml/4013.xml (672 words)

	The Native Plants of Ohio, Bulletin 865, The Native Plants of Ohio
		Before falling to the ax, both the Mixed Mesophytic Forest and the Western Mesophytic Forest found in southwest Ohio were dominated by beech, tuliptree, sweet buckeye, and sugar maple.
		The Western Mesophytic region also contained a great number of swamps and bogs created by the Illinoian glacier, which was the southernmost glacier in Ohio, and the only glacier to reach into this region (see Diagram 2).
		With the exception of the Allegheny Plateau and the Western Mesophytic region, the rest of Ohio was covered by more than one glacier.
	ohioline.osu.edu /b865/b865_01.html (2120 words)

	Voices for the Forest (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Appalachian Mixed Mesophytic Forest, notes that, “The extraordinary forests of southeastern North America represent relicts of ancient mesic forests that once covered much of the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
		The Mixed Mesophytic Forest ecoregion represents one of the most biologically diverse temperate regions of the world." The book goes on to say that the conservation status of mesophytic forests are critical and endangered.
		Appalachian Mixed Mesophytic Forests, Prepared by: C. Loucks, D. Olson, E. Dinerstein, A. Weakley, R. Noss, J. Stritholt, K. Wolfe.
	www.voicesfortheforest.org /testimony.htm (1277 words)

	Tulula Wetlands - Plant Communities
		Similar to Cove Hardwood and Montane Oak-Hickory forests, the canopy is dominated by red maple, white oak, and tulip poplar, with some white pine, sourwood, and sweet birch.
		This community type differs from both the Red Maple-dominated Alluvial Forest and the Mesophytic Hardwood Forest by having an understory dominated by rosebay Rhododendron and an extremely sparse herb layer.
		It differs from the Acidic Cove Forest in two respects: its canopy is dominated by red maple, tulip poplar, white pine, and some sweet birch, with almost no white oak is present, and soils here are much wetter, with numerous small boggy depressions.
	orgs.unca.edu /tulula/plant_communities.html (1262 words)

	Title page for ETD etd-0418102-084638
		During Pleistocene glaciation much of the southeastern United States was covered with mixed mesophytic hardwood forest.
		Remnants of mixed mesophytic hardwood forests occur in the southern United States and are important refugia for disjunct and habitat-restricted species.
		In Louisiana, the mixed mesophytic forest habitat is found mostly in West Feliciana Parish, particularly in the area around St. Francisville.
	etd.lsu.edu /docs/available/etd-0418102-084638 (328 words)

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