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Topic: Messier 27

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	Sea and Sky's Astronomy Resources: Messier Objects M101 - M110
		M104 is characterized by a dark dust lane that spans the length of the galaxy's disk.
		It was discovered by Messier's colleague, Pierre Mechain, in 1782 and was not included in the original publication of the catalog.
		M110 was discovered by Messier in 1783 when he discovered M31, but it was not included in his catalog at the time.
	www.seasky.org /astronomy/astronomy_messier_101to110.html (898 words)

	M27, Messier 27, Dumbell Nebula
		Messier 27 is considered by many to be the finest planetary nebula in the sky.
		Messier 27 is estimated to be approximately 1.5 light years wide [easily encompassing our entire solar system].
		The visible part of Messier 27 is an expanding shell of stellar material that is set aglow by the central star which has since become a very strong source of ultraviolet radiation.
	www.astrophoto.net /m27.html (363 words)

	Charles Messier
		Even though Messier came from a poor family and had limited schooling he was hired at the age of 21 as a draftsman by Joseph-Nicholas de l'Isle, Astronomer to the French Navy.
		Messier became the chief astronomer of the Marine Observatory in 1759.
		Messier determined the positions of the Orion Nebula (M42 and M43), the Beehive cluster (M44) and the Pleiades (M45) on March 4, 1769.
	www.astrosurf.com /re/messier1.html (1102 words)

	Multiwavelength Messier 27
		Messier 27 is more commonly known as the Dumbbell Nebula because it vaguely resembles the weights you might lift to strengthen your arms.
		The color images of Messier 27 are similar, although the TIE photo is a deeper exposure.
		The mid- and far-infrared views of Messier 27 (above) were obtained by the IRAS satellite at wavelengths of 25 and 60 microns, respectively.
	coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu /cosmic_classroom/multiwavelength_astronomy/multiwavelength_museum/m27.html (448 words)

	APOD Search Results for "m27" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Messier 27 (M27) is now known to be an excellent example of a gaseous emission nebula created as a sun-like star runs out of nuclear fuel in its core.
		Charles Messier was compiling a list of diffuse objects not to be confused with comets.
		Charles Messier was compiling a list of "annoying" diffuse objects not to be confused with "interesting" comets.
	antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov /cgi-bin/apod/apod_search?m27 (1913 words)

	Messier 27 (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		M. Messier has reported its position on the chart of the Comet of 1779, which was engraved for the volume of the Academy of the same year.
		It is very curious with a compound piece; the shape of it though oval as M. [Messier] calls it, is rather divided in two; it is situated among a number of small [faint] stars, but with this compound piece no star is visible in it.
		Position [angle] of greater axis of the elliptic outline is 117.1deg; of axis of symmetry 31.4deg (micrometer).
	www.seds.org.cob-web.org:8888 /messier/Mdes/dm027.html (1837 words)

	WFU Health & Exercise Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Messier, S.P. Osteoarthritis of the knee and its associated factors of age and obesity.
		Messier, S. and Brody, M. (1986) "Mechanics of translation and rotation during conventional and handspring soccer throw ins." Southeastem ACSM Annual Meeting.
		Messier, S.P. (1993) "Osteoarthritis of the knee: a biomechanical perspective" ACSM symposium entitled: Osteoarthritis of the knee: an interdisciplinary perspective.
	www.wfu.edu /academics/hes/messier2006CV.htm (4361 words)

	Is it just me or is M1...... - Astronomy.com Forums
		Ironically, Messier became famous historically for his catalog of time-wasting "objects to avoid" while comet hunting and not for the comets he discovered.
		Messier also collaborated with the younger astronomer and comet hunter Pierre Francois Andre Mechain, who was also a successful comet hunter.
		Messier neglected to include a number of bright deep-sky objects in his catalog, the Double Cluster (NGC 869 and NGC 884) being one obvious example.
	www.astronomy.com /ASY/CS/forums/272236/ShowPost.aspx (2829 words)

	M 110
		M110 is the second brighter satellite galaxy of the Andromeda galaxy M31, together with M32, and thus a member of the Local Group.
		Curiously, this galaxy was discovered by Charles Messier on August 10, 1773, and depicted on his fine drawing of the "Great Andromeda Nebula" and its companions published in 1807, but Messier did never himself include this object in his catalog, due to unknown reasons, perhaps a certain sloppiness in recording.
		Independent of Messier's discovery, Caroline Herschel discovered M110 on August 27, 1783, little more than 10 years after Messier, and William Herschel numbered it H V.18.
	www.messiermarathon.com /new_page_116.htm (339 words)

	M 71 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		M71 was first seen by De Cheseaux who cataloged it as his No. 13, and later rediscovered by Johann Gottfried Koehler between 1772 and 1779, and by Pierre Mechain on June 28, 1780.
		Charles Messier cataloged it based on his observations of October 4, 1780, as a nebula without stars.
		The cluster is brighter and sharply terminated on the western side, forming a "curving V", as Mallas describes it.
	www.messiermarathon.com /new_page_77.htm (261 words)

	Dumbbell Nebula - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Dumbbell Nebula (also known as Messier 27, M27, or NGC 6853) is a planetary nebula in the Vulpecula constellation, at a distance of about 1250 light years.
		This object was the first planetary nebula to be discovered; by Charles Messier in 1764.
		At its brightness of visual magnitude 7.4 and its diameter of about 8 arcminutes, it is easily visible in binoculars, and a great observing target in amateur telescopes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Messier_27 (135 words)

	M92
		Messier object M92 is a globular cluster which is located in the constellation Hercules.
		It is a relatively close member of Messier's catalog located 27 thousand light years from earth.
		M92 is unnamed and has an NGC catalog number of NGC 6341.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /messier_objects/m92.htm (70 words)

	Amazon.com: Deep Sky Companions: The Messier Objects (Deep-Sky Companions): Books: Stephen James O'Meara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Charles Messier was one of the best comet hunters of the 1700s, with 12 comet discoveries to his credit.
		In a sense, the Messier objects are the testing grounds for budding skywatchers.
		The first inkling that these non-stellar objects were a facinating collection of star clusters, gaseous nebulae, and galaxies was the work of Sir William Herschel, who was able to resolve many of these hazy and mysterious objects into clusters of stars.
	www.amazon.com /Deep-Sky-Companions-Messier-Deep-Sky/dp/0521553326 (2350 words)

	CCD Images of the UM-D Astro Club
		This is Messier 57, the Ring Nebula in Lyra.
		M-57 is much younger than the Dumbbell nebula, and is brighter and more compact as a result.
		Messier 13 is a globular cluster in the constellation of Hercules.
	www.umd.umich.edu /student/org/astro/ccd.html (714 words)

	M27 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Description: Messier 27 is widely considered to be the finest planetary nebula in the sky.
		Messier 27 is estimated to be approximately 1.5 light years wide [easily encompassing our entire solar system] and is something on the order of 20,000 years old.
		Any use of these images without the prior written consent or knowledge of the author is strictly prohibited.
	home.earthlink.net /~deanjacobsen/m27.html (298 words)

	BW Online \| March 27, 2001 \| Messier's Misleading Stock-Option Math
		Messier explains that "the total of options I have received since my nomination represents 0.33% of Vivendi's capital, which amounts to 2 million options over five years.
		However, by taking the information he has given, it is possible to estimate, very conservatively, that Messier's potential capital gain was actually between $31 million and $73 million at the time his book was published -- not $21 million.
		However, even if Messier, with his 0.3% of Vivendi capital, had benefited from the least favorable stock-option plan in five years -- which happened to be in May, 1999, at $67.17 -- he would have made a potential capital gain of $31 million.
	www.businessweek.com /technology/content/mar2001/tc20010327_073.htm (589 words)

	M9
		Messier object M9 is a globular cluster which is located in the constellation Ophiuchus.
		M9 is located at 17 19.2 right ascension and -18 31 declination.
		M9 is unnamed and has an NGC catalog number of NGC 6333.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /messier_objects/m9.htm (70 words)

	Messier Club Awardees
		Regular certificates are given for the first 70 Messier objects observed.
		When the awardee observes all the Messier objects, they receive an honorary certificate in addition to their regular certificate.
		There was also a problem with lost mail and some people were issued different numbers for their honorary and regular certificates.
	www.astroleague.org /al/obsclubs/messier/messwn14.html (86 words)

	boyruageek » Messier Object
		This night out was interesting and I learned something … dress warmer - 5 hours in the cold is a long time when you are sitting and staring at a laptop LCD and telescope.
		The picture to the left was taken in mid-November 2005 of Messier Object 2 with a Canon EOS 350D and a 10” Meade LX 200 at prime focus (f/10) from my backyard in Northeast Ohio.
		It was the first planetary nebula discovered and recorded by Charles Messier in 1764.“The central star of M27 is quite bright at mag 13.5, and an extremely hot blueish subdwarf dwarf at about 85,000 K (so the spectral type is given as O7 in the Sky Catalog 2000).
	boyruageek.com /?cat=29 (2134 words)

	M27 The Dumbbell Nebula
		Messier 27 or NGC 6853 - is a typical planetary nebula and is located in the constellation Vulpecula (The Fox).
		The distance is rather uncertain, but is believed to be around 1200 light-years.
		The French astronomer Charles Messier found it in 1764 and included it as no. 27 in his famous list of extended sky objects.
	www.waid-observatory.com /m027-2004-06-20.html (184 words)

	Cookbook Camera Image Archive
		Messier 13, the Hercules cluster, made from nine frames each of 4 minutes integration.
		Messier 27 is Rob's favorite image, and was taken as seven frames of 2 minutes each.
		Messier 17 in Color When Al sent this image, he wrote, "I think I am going to get hooked on this tricolor stuff and it will be all your fault!" This image was taken with Al's 8-inch SCT.
	www.willbell.com /cookbook/images.htm (2453 words)

	Utah Skies -- Deep Sky Observer's Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		The plan is to make this the first place you think of when you need information on a particular deep sky object.
		This section provides charts to help you find all the objects as well as images and descriptions of the objects.
		The reason is that for the most part, these were objects which Messier himself missed.
	www.utahskies.org /deepsky/messier/charts/messierTelradFrameSet.html (357 words)

	Selden's Catalogs of Objects for Celestia
		The entries for Messier's open clusters are cataloged here by the short form of their names, e.g.
		2 of Messier's 27 clusters are listed with their popular names instead of their Messier numbers: "Pleiades" (M45) and "Praesepe" (M44).
		These two clusters are involved in what is known as "The Hipparcos Pleiades Distance Problem." The cataloged distances of these two clusters, determined by photometry and spectroscopy, are significantly larger than the distances to their members measured by Hipparcos.
	www.lepp.cornell.edu /~seb/celestia/catalogs.html (5345 words)

	Hubble Heritage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		The Dumbbell, a nearby planetary nebula residing more than 1,200 light-years away, is the remains of a star that has reached the end of its life in a spectacular display of color.
		The nebula, also known as Messier 27 (M27), was the first planetary nebula ever discovered.
		French astronomer Charles Messier spied it in 1764.
	heritage.stsci.edu /2003/06/caption.html (370 words)

	Planetary Nebula M27 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		The planetary nebula Messier 27 (NGC 6853) in Vulpecula, shown from a 120-second red-light exposure (in twilight) with a Tektronix 2048x2048 CCD at the prime focus of the 4-meter Mayall telescope of Kitt Peak National Observatory.
		North is at the top and east to the left, for direct comparison with a chart or eyepiece view.
		In the colliding-wind paradigm for structure of these nebulae, these faint, bulging regions represent the faster wind from the later stages of the star's evolution, which by analogy with the solar wind, might be from the star's poles.
	www.astr.ua.edu /gifimages/m27r.html (205 words)

	NHL introduces new monthly Mark Messier Leadership Award
		The six-time Stanley Cup winner wore the C for Edmonton and the New York Rangers to become the only player in history to captain two teams to an NHL championship.
		Messier will be at Madison Square Garden on Tuesday to present the first winner with the award.
		Messier, with input from the league, will select a player in each month who best exemplifies leadership qualities on and off the ice.
	slam.canoe.ca /CPSportsTicker/CANOE-wire.NHL-Messier-Award.html (166 words)

	Amazon.com: NHL - Mark Messier - Leader Champion & Legend (Collector's Edition): DVD: Mark Messier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		Hockey great Mark Messier is profiled in this DVD that documents his career from childhood hockey leagues in his native Canada to NHL superstardom in New York City.
		Messier first achieved stardom as a member of the Edmonton Oilers' dynasty of the 1980s, which won three Stanley Cups in four years.
		Messier is a throwback to the "old-school" of hockey players, combinating the vicious streak of Gordie Howe, the wicked slapshot of Bobby Hull and the fiery stare of Rocket Richard into one mean package.
	www.amazon.com /NHL-Messier-Leader-Champion-Collectors/dp/B0002WZRUE (1617 words)

	M27: The Dumbbell Nebula (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-12)
		The Dumbbell Nebula - also known as Messier 27 or NGC 6853 - is a typical planetary nebula and is located in the constellation Vulpecula (The Fox).
		It was first described by the French astronomer and comet hunter Charles Messier who found it in 1764 and included it as no. 27
		Colour image of the Dumbbell planetary nebula (Messier 27), obtained on September 28, 1998, with FORS at VLT UT1.
	www.blackskies.org /M27vlt.htm (242 words)

	bryan's astronomy & astrophotography
		The Dumbbell Nebula (Messier 27) from Mahogany Flat Campground in Death Valley, CA.
		The Eagle Nebula (Messier 16) from Mahogany Flat Campground in Death Valley, CA.
		Messier 42, the Orion Nebula - 12 Oct 04.
	www.thedukes.org /astro/pix.html (1001 words)

	Weasner's Meade ETX Site
		Messier 29 has always reminded me of a "little Pleiades", much smaller due to its great distance of 7200 light years (almost 200 times more distant that M-45!).
		Messier 39 (ngc7092) is considerably closer (800 light years) than M-29, above and appears larger because of it.
		At magnitude 13.4, this star is almost equal to that "seen" in the Ring Nebula, although I have routinely seen the central star of Messier 27 in an 8" aperture telescope with difficulty (very easy in the 24"), but the star within Messier 57 is extremely difficult.
	www.weasner.com /etx/ref_guides/cygnus.html (4881 words)

	Messier Telrad Finder Charts
		The Messier List is a list of 110 objects observed and catalogued by the French comet-hunter, Charles Messier.
		The Telrad® is a zero magnification finder that projects a set of three concentric red illuminated circles onto a sloping glass plate through which the observer sights on the sky.
		These charts can be printed out and used with the aid of a Telrad® finder to locate the objects in the Messier List.
	www.utahskies.org /deepsky/messier/charts/messierTelrad.htm (100 words)

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