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Metabotropic receptor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In contrast to the latter, metabotropic receptors do not form an ion channel pore; rather, they are indirectly linked with ion-channels on the plasma membrane of the cell through signal transduction mechanisms. Metabotropic receptors have neurotransmitters as ligands, which, when bound to the receptors, initiate cascades that can lead to channel-opening or other cellular effects. Since opening channels by metabotropic receptors involves activating a number of molecules in turn, channels associated with these receptors take longer to open than ionotropic receptors do, and they are thus not involved in mechanisms that require quick responses (Kandel et al., 2000, p. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Metabotropic_receptor   (463 words)

Metabotropic glutamate receptor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Metabotropic glutamate receptors, or mGluRs, are a type of glutamate receptor which are active through an indirect metabotropic process. The mGluRs are found in pre- and postsynaptic neurons in synapses of the hippocampus, cerebellum (Hinoi et al., 2001), and the cerebral cortex, as well as other parts of the brain and peripheral tissues (Chu and Hablitz, 2000). Unlike ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors are not directly linked to ion channels, but may affect them by activating biochemical cascades. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor   (726 words)

All Glutamate Receptors Glutamate receptor metabotropic 2, GPRC1B, GRM2, MGlu2, MGLUR2 Glutamate receptor metabotropic 3, GPRC1C, GRM3, MGlu3, MGLUR3 GPRC1E, GRM5, Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5, mGlu5, mGluR5, mGluR5a, mGluR5b www.abcam.com /?c=455   (1130 words)

GRM7 - glutamate receptor, metabotropic 7 Expression of mRNAs of L-AP4-sensitive metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR4, mGluR6, mGluR7) in the rat retina. L-AP4 is an agonist at the presynaptic metabotropic receptor subtypes mGluR4, mGluR6 and mGluR7. GRM7 is a homologue of Grm7 (glutamate receptor, metabotropic 7) from Mus musculus. www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gg/88840.html   (2862 words)

Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Antagonists Block Secondary Thermal Hyperalgesia in Rats with Knee Joint ... Bond A and Lodge D (1995) Pharmacology of metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated enhancement of responses to excitatory and inhibitory amino acids on rat spinal neurons in vivo. Salt TE and Turner JP (1998) Reduction of sensory and metabotropic glutamate receptor responses in the thalamus by the novel metabotropic glutamate receptor-1-selective antagonist S-2-methyl-4-carboxy-phenylglycine. Zhang LP, Chen Y, Clark BP, Sher E and Westlund KN (2000) The role of type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors in the generation of dorsal root reflexes induced by acute arthritis or the spinal infusion of 4-aminopyridine in the anesthetized rat. jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/300/1/149   (5811 words)

Topics in Bioinformatics Expression and purification of the extracellular ligand binding region of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1. Phosphorylation and calmodulin binding of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) are antagonistic in vitro. Agonist-induced internalization of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1a is arrestin- and dynamin-dependent. www-2.cs.cmu.edu /~blmt/Seminar/SeminarMaterials/GPCRmGluR.html   (2932 words)

Chemicon - Product #AB1551 - Anti-Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1alpha, pain, C-terminus [mGluR1alpha] Activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors produces a direct excitation and disinhibition of gabaergic projection neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata. Immunolocalization of the mGluR1b splice variant of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses in the rat cerebellar cortex. Sequence and expression of a metabotropic glutamate receptor. www.chemicon.com /browse/productdetail.asp?ProductID=AB1551   (711 words)

Expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors in nodose ganglia and the nucleus of the solitary tract -- Hoang and Hay ... Expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors in nodose ganglia and the nucleus of the solitary tract -- Hoang and Hay 281 (1): 457 -- AJP - Heart and Circulatory Physiology Expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors in nodose ganglia and the nucleus of the solitary tract Metabotropic glutamate receptors depress afferent excitatory transmission in the rat nucleus tractus solitarii. ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/281/1/H457   (3067 words)

Chemicon - Product #AB5362 - Anti-Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 8 [mGluR8] Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (mGluR8) The staining pattern for the immunoreactive fibers obtained with the AB5362 corresponds to the pattern described using in situ hybridization with probes to rat mGluR8 mRNA and using antiserum to mGluR8, which was generated against the same immunogen (Kinoshita et al, 1996; Shigemoto et al., 1997). Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 in the rat hippocampus after pilocarpine induced status epilepticus. Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR8, in the rhinenecephalic areas: a light and electron microscope study in the rat. www.chemicon.com /browse/productdetail.asp?ProductID=AB5362   (457 words)

Modulation of Multiple Potassium Currents by Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Neurons of the Hypothalamic Supraoptic ... Metabotropic glutamate receptors are coupled to intracellular signal transduction pathways through G proteins and are responsible Postsynaptic effects of metabotropic receptor activation are mediated by group I receptors. of the metabotropic glutamate receptors in the hypothalamus is jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/78/6/3428   (5608 words)

BioMed Central | Full text | Surface clustering of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 induced by long Homer proteins Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1 and 5) are phospholipase C linked G protein coupled receptors widely expressed in the mammalian nervous system [1]. Bortolotto ZA, Fitzjohn SM, Collingridge GL: Roles of metabotropic glutamate receptors in LTP and LTD in the hippocampus. Topolnik L, Congar P, Lacaille JC: Differential regulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor- and AMPA receptor-mediated dendritic Ca2+ signals by presynaptic and postsynaptic activity in hippocampal interneurons. www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2202/7/1   (4114 words)

Task-Dependent Role for Dorsal Striatum Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Memory -- Packard et al. 8 (2): 96 -- ... Metabotropic glutamate receptor activation produces extrapyramidal motor system activation that is mediated by striatal dopamine. Metabotropic glutamate receptor mRNA expression in the basal ganglia of the rat. Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulation of synaptic transmission in corticostriatal co-cultures: Role of calcium influx. www.learnmem.org /cgi/content/full/8/2/96   (4177 words)

Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma and Its Prognostic Significance -- Chang et al. 11 ... Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma and Its Prognostic Significance Agonist-induced internalization of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1A: structural determinants for protein kinase C- and G protein-coupled receptor kinase-mediated internalization. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in astrocytes depends on transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. clincancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/11/9/3288   (3041 words)

Dr. Yoland Smith: Yerkes Metabotropic GluRs comprise a family of G-protein coupled receptors that have been demonstrated to have profound and long-lasting effects throughout the CNS. Poisik, O. V., Mananioni G., Treynelis, P., Smith, Y., and Conn, P.J. Distinct functional roles of the metabotropic glutamate receptors 1 and 5 in the rat globus pallidus J Neurosci. Poisik, O., Smith, Y., and Conn, P.J. Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors 1 and 5 have distinct functional roles in the rat globus pallidus. www.emory.edu /NEUROSCIENCE/Smith/Poisik/Index.htm   (749 words)

Presynaptic Calcium Current Modulation by a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor -- Takahashi et al. 274 (5287): 594 -- ... Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) regulate transmitter release at mammalian central synapses. Glutamate Transporter Studies Reveal the Pruning of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors and Absence of AMPA Receptor Desensitization at Mature Calyx of Held Synapses. The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor mGluR3 is Critically Required for Hippocampal Long-term Depression and Modulates Long-term Potentiation in the Dentate Gyrus of Freely Moving Rats. www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/274/5287/594   (2151 words)

Localization and function of metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 in the enteric nervous system -- Tong and Kirchgessner ... Hoang CJ and Hay M. Expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors in nodose ganglia and the nucleus of the solitary tract. Agonist- and reflex-evoked internalization of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in enteric neurons. Activation of presynaptic group III metabotropic glutamate receptors depresses spontaneous inhibition in layer V of the rat entorhinal cortex. ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/285/5/G992   (4776 words)

SIB-1757 and SIB-1893: Selective, Noncompetitive Antagonists of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Type 5 -- Varney et al. ... Baude A, Nusser Z, Roberts JD, Mulvihill E, McIlhinney RA and Somogyi P (1993) The metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1 alpha) is concentrated at perisynaptic membrane of neuronal subpopulations as detected by immunogold reaction. Pin JP and Duvoisin R (1995) The metabotropic glutamate receptors: Structure and functions. Watkins J and Collingridge G (1994) Phenylglycine derivatives as antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors. jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/290/1/170   (6502 words)

Herbal health supplement beverage Metabotropic helps improve both metabolic and digestive activity of liver cells. Metabotropic combines herbs used for centuries to help improve liver conditions promote healthy digestive functions and stimualte metabolism. Suggested use: The physiological action of Metabotropic depend of the age, diet, physical activity, hormonal status, etc. To evaluate the effect one may take 1 cup brewed of 1 teaspoon per day, while maintaining the same diet and activity pattern. floraleads.com /META.HTM   (709 words)

Compartmental Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (mGluR7): Two Different Active Sites at a Retinal ... The distribution of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGluR7) was studied in the rat retina using a specific antiserum. Hartveit E, Brandstätter JH, Enz R, Wässle H (1995) Expression of the mRNA of seven metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1 to 7) in the rat retina: an in situ hybridization study on tissue sections and isolated cells. Pin JP, Duvoisin R (1995) Neurotransmitter receptors I. The metabotropic glutamate receptors: structure and functions. www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/16/15/4749   (5769 words)

Interactive Fly, Drosophila H1b inhibits surface expression of the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 in heterologous cells, causing mGluR5 to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are a family of receptors involved in the tuning of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1 and 5) couple to intracellular calcium pools by a family of proteins, termed Homer, that cross-link the receptor to inositol trisphosphate receptors. www.sdbonline.org /fly/hjmuller/homer2.htm   (3932 words)

Positive and Negative Coupling of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors to a G Protein-activated K+ Channel, GIRK, in ... Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) control intracellular signaling cascades through activation of G proteins. Heterologous expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors in adult rat sympathetic neurons: subtype-specific coupling to ion channels. Pre- and postsynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the rat brain: an immunohistochemical study with a monoclonal antibody. www.jgp.org /cgi/content/full/109/4/477   (6809 words)

Internal Calcium Modulates Apparent Affinity of Metabotropic GABA Receptors -- Shen and Slaughter 82 (6): 3298 -- ... All experiments were performed in the presence of 50 µM nifedipine because metabotropic glutamate receptors suppressed L-type calcium currents. Akopian, A., and Witkovsky, P. Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors decreases a high-threshold calcium current in spiking neurons of the Xenopus retina. Shen, W., and Slaughter, M. Metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors regulate calcium channel currents in salamander retinal ganglion cells. jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/82/6/3298   (5256 words)

metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2 antibody - Novus Biologicals - Your antibody source L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Synthetic peptide: YSRGADGSRHI, corresponding to amino acids 111-120 of Rat metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2. www.novusbio.com /data_sheet.php/8505   (236 words)

InterPro: IPR002456 Metabotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor, type B1   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23) We use the term clan to describe the GPCRs, as they embrace a group of families for which there are indications of evolutionary relationship, but between which there is no statistically significant similarity in sequence [ 1 ]. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are functionally and pharmacologically distinct from the ionotropic glutamate receptors. However, while a similar 3D framework has been proposed to account for this, there is no significant sequence identity between these and receptors of the rhodopsin-type family: the metabotropic glutamate receptors thus bear their own distinctive '7TM' signature. www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR002456   (3347 words)

Developmental regulation of the hypothalamic metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1. The expression of the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1 was studied with Northern and Western blot analysis, with immunocytochemistry, and with Ca2+ digital imaging in the developing rat hypothalamus. With increased development time in culture, the number of neurons that responded to metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists increased. In the adult hypothalamus, mGluR1-immunoreactive neurons were widespread, and particularly dense in the dorsomedial, lateral, and anterior hypothalamus/preoptic areas, and in the mammillary body. www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_8207490.html   (405 words)

Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors enhance NMDA receptor currents via a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism in ... Agonists at metabotropic glutamate receptors presynaptically inhibit EPSCs in neonatal rat hippocampus. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1-induced upregulation of NMDA receptor current: mediation through the Pyk2/Src-family kinase pathway in cortical neurons. The novel metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist 2R,4R-APDC potentiates stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the rat hippocampus by 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine: evidence for a synergistic interaction between group 1 and group 2 receptors. jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/554/3/765   (5497 words)

Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4-Mediated 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in a Human Colon Cancer Cell Line -- Yoo et al. 10 ... Overexpression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-resistant cells derived from SNU-769A human colon cancer cells. On the basis of peptide masses, the protein was identified as metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) precursor. Decreased expression of the metabotropic glutamate receptor-4 gene is associated with neuronal apoptosis. clincancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/10/12/4176   (4362 words)

NSI Home Page Molecular biology approaches are used in Dr. Duvoisin's laboratory to study the normal function of the eye, identify the molecular basis of eye diseases and design possible genetic therapies. The alternatively spliced mGluR1a and mGluR1b receptor variants are respectively localized to the dendritic and axonal compartments as well as the soma of transfected neurons in culture (Francesconi and Duvoisin, submitted). A novel metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR8, was identified by screening a mouse retina cDNA library. www.ohsu.edu /nsi/faculty/duvoisin   (1055 words)

Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Bind to Protein Phosphatase 1C: MAPPING AND MODELING OF INTERACTING SEQUENCES ... Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Bind to Protein Phosphatase 1C: MAPPING AND MODELING OF INTERACTING SEQUENCES -- Croci et al. in the intracellular C termini of the metabotropic glutamate Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors and Dopamine Receptors Cooperate to Enhance Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Phosphorylation in Striatal Neurons www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/278/50/50682   (331 words)

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