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Topic: Metalpoint

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	Metalpoint. Who is Metalpoint? What is Metalpoint? Where is Metalpoint? Definition of Metalpoint. Meaning of ...
		Metalpoint is a dry media technique of drawing in which a special soft metal stylus (typically silver, lead, bismuth, gold or bronze) is used over an abrasive paper surface such as to leave small deposits behind on the paper producing faint lines.
		The technique is commonly associated with the Renaissance but enjoyed a brief revival in the late 19th and 20th centuries.
		Examples of the use of metalpoint include the Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/Metalpoint (114 words)

	Metalpoint (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		One of the ways he does this is through the fifteenth century technique of metalpoint drawing.
		Because mistakes and unwanted lines are hard to erase using metalpoint, Leonardo first sketched lightly and cautiously, then he gradually went over the strokes, making each line firmer and building up a density of shadows.
		When he finished with his metalpoint work he often reworked the strokes with pen and dark brown ink, to darken the shadows and clarify the important images.
	www.wfu.edu /~eckhcj4/Metalpoint.htm (198 words)

	ARTH345/574 - History of Drawing & Prints
		Metalpoint was widely used as a drawing tool by artists in the Renaissance such as Botticelli and Leonardo in Italy, Petrus Christus and Gerard David in Flanders, and Drer and Cranach in Germany.
		By the seventeenth century metalpoint drawings were rare, although Rembrandt's famous portrait of his betrothed Saskia in 1633 indicates that the Baroque artist knew enough to use metalpoint for a drawing of delicacy and charm.
		A small-scale revival of metalpoint occurred in the late nineteenth century, especially in England, alongside increased appreciation for the Middle Ages and the early Renaissance.
	www.louisville.edu /a-s/finearts/VRC/buser345/readdraw.html (9173 words)

	Retail Technology Milestones News Article
		MetalPoint is a sophisticated metal detector that identifies the presence of foil-lined bags, also known as "booster bags," or clothing, a method favored by professional thieves to thwart electronic article surveillance (EAS) technology systems.
		MetalPoints detector alarms are activated when a person carrying foil-lined "booster" bags or wearing foil-lined clothing enters the surveillance area.
		Silent alarm signals are transmitted from the MetalPoint detector to an external alarm unit to discreetly alert staff members or security guards that a potential professional thief may be entering the store.
	www.rtmilestones.com /article.asp?ArticleId=4144 (544 words)

	Raphael and His Age - FRAME
		The use of metalpoint to provide a crystalline modeling, with the sharpest possible contour, gives a firm plastic presence to the center of the composition by creating chiseled forms for the head and hands–one of the means by which Raphael articulates and directs the viewer’s attention.
		This drawing is also in metalpoint on paper prepared with a white ground and was no doubt part of the same gathering of sheets.
		It must postdate the metalpoint study for an angel (n° 20), which was made when the painting was still envisaged as an Assumption.
	www.on-frame.com /frame_raphael/us/03expo/022.html (898 words)

	Silverpoint and Meticulous Drawing LAURA SHECHTER
		Metalpoint drawing dates from the Renaissance era well before the use of graphite or "lead" pencils.
		The modern version of the stylus is a "pin vise" which, like the holder for an Exacto blade, tightens to grip the wire and hold it securely in place.
		In order to accept the metals mark, the drawing surface needs to be a prepared commercial paper (these are coated with base-chalk or with clay as in the case of cameo papers) or alternatively a hand-prepared gesso, tempera, or gouache surface to which the wire residue will adhere.
	www.biddingtons.com /content/silverpoint.html (1298 words)

	Metalpoint (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		As increased pressure on the stylus will not have any dramatic effect on the thickness or intensity of the line produced, the stylus would usually be cast so as to have a fine point at one end and a blunter point at the opposite end in order to change the width of line.
		It can be difficult to identify the precise metal used in a metalpoint drawing, although over time silverpoint oxidizes from gray to brown and copper will usually turn a greenish hue.
		Metalpoint was used mainly in the fifteenth century, but it enjoyed a resurgence of popularity in the late nineteenth century and continues to have a devoted following among some contemporary artists.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Arts/drawings/Generalities/Glossary/M/Metalpoint.htm (185 words)

	Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Metalpoint drawing is one with a stylus with a point made of gold, silver, copper or lead on a ground prepared by coating paper or parchment with a paste of crushed eggshell or bone.
		Metalpoint was used extensively by artists of the Late Middle Ages and Early Renaissance.
		however, knowledge of metalpoint was not completely lost, and the medium has even been used occasionally in the twentieth century.
	www.noteaccess.com /MATERIALS/Metalpoint.htm (342 words)

	Overbeck-Portrait of the Artists's Wife, Nina
		The fineness and restraint of this pencil drawing evokes metalpoint, a medium characterized by great linear purity and precision.
		The technique of drawing with a metal stylus, usually silver, on a surface prepared with opaque watercolor or gesso, produces lines that are sharp, legible, and consistent in tone and width.
		Delicate modeling is achieved through careful hatching rather than by rubbing with the side of the pencil and, as is typical of metalpoint drawings, the work is intimately scaled.
	www.arth.upenn.edu /ashmolean/Overbeck/Portrait_entry.html (988 words)

	Petrolea Ltd - Metalpoint
		The Metalpoint Range of products are the best selling items of the Esmena portfolio.
		Shelving panels are usually made of Melamine, white both sides, but other material such as plywood and high density chipboard are commonly used.
		Metalpoint 1 is ideal for general storage applications.
	www.petroleamalta.com /Catalogue/cat_metalpoint.htm (173 words)

	Raphael and His Age - FRAME
		They are often drawn two or three to a sheet, but the figures are generally unrelated to one another and, in the past, many sheets have been dismembered in order to create self-sufficient drawings.
		These studies are almost always made in metalpoint with the addition of white body color on prepared paper.
		That may be the reason it was re-attributed by Berenson to Davide Ghirlandaio in 1903, although Gonse gave it to Filippino in 1877.
	www.on-frame.com /frame_raphael/us/03expo/004.html (489 words)

	Notebook
		The very texture and substance of form is conveyed in the fine parallel lines that subtly model the youthful cheeks, in the white highlights, and in the lines that follow the direction of the neatly combed flowing hair.
		The motion of Rembrandt's hand is evident in the superb flourishes of quill across the top of the kennel and in the surrounding atmosphere; just a few slender brushstrokes around its back suggest the curve of the dog's body asleep.
		Graphite [or, popularly, pencil] has somewhat the same appearance as metalpoint and produces a similar line, but has a richer, more lustrous texture because of its softer substance which crumbles subtly with pressure.
	www.noteaccess.com /MATERIALS/DrawingT.htm (2628 words)

	The Artwork of Timothy David Mayhew
		Although traditional renaissance metalpoint includes the use of metal styli such as silverpoint, goldpoint, bronzepoint, copperpoint, tinpoint, leadpoint and many others, the metals of these styli were usually much different alloys than are available today.
		However, the metalpoint styli are only part of the story of this complex drawing medium.
		However, he persisted in his efforts and he was eventually able to reproduce a wide variety of metalpoint support preparations based on the traditional materials and formulas in use during the height of the metalpoint era.
	www.timothydavidmayhew.com /new-pages/draw-media.html (1434 words)

	Seated Young Man (Getty Museum) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Metalpoint, heightened with bodycolor, touches of fl chalk on rose-colored prepared paper
		The metalpoint technique required paper prepared with a ground so that the metal stylus would leave a mark.
		The harder ground would wear down the stylus’s tip as it was being moved across the surface, leaving a silver, gray, or soft brown line.
	www.getty.edu /art/collections/objects/o344.html (150 words)

	Biography
		Though it has been hundreds of years since the practice was common, a Lombard artist likes to think these "metalpoint" drawings have a special character to them.
		Metalpoint techniques are much the same as regular sketching, with a few twists, Roberts said.
		This is part of one of the best qualities of metalpoint drawings, Roberts said: They stand the test of time.
	www.natureonpaper.com /bio.htm (436 words)

	Solomon Fine Art Inc. \| Affiliated Artist
		Memories of light are the recurrent source of this exhibition of metalpoint paintings and drawings - the light on the ocean, reflections of the sun setting and rising, colors in the landscape, the light you see when your eyes are closed.
		The groups of horizontal bands are carefully (but intuitively) measured and the images with their shimmering surface seem to float on the wall.
		The works on paper juxtapose a wide variety of metals (silver, gold, brass, copper, platinum, pewter, bronze and aluminum) to obtain soft shifts in tone and color reminiscent of the luminous transparency of watercolor and quite unlike any of the usual effects of metalpoint.
	www.solomonfineartinc.com /artists/schwalb.html (308 words)

	Art
		Drawing instrument (the forerunner of the pencil) made from a small, pointed metal tip, usually of lead, silver, copper or gold, encased in a wooden holder.
		Metalpoint can be used on various supports, including paper, parchment, wood and ivory, but the surface usually requires a special preparation or ground for the metal to leave a mark.
		Paper, which is most commonly used, is coated with an opaque white or tinted ground composed of lead-white powdered bone, pigment and gum-water.
	groups.msn.com /Art/learningaboutthesilverpointdrawingmedia.msnw (786 words)

	Susan Schwalb: Statement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		I use the classical Renaissance technique of silverpoint and metalpoint in a way which challenges the traditional concepts.
		By contrast, the paintings focus on color and the silverpoint drawing becomes more of an element of structure; in these works on wood panels, drawing and painting are fused.
		The paintings seem to float on the wall, and a luminosity begins to emerge from somewhere in the interior, at times creating an aura of reflected light, at times appearing to evoke memories or afterimages.
	www.susanschwalb.com /pages/state.html (184 words)

	The Cleveland Museum of Art
		As its name implies, metalpoint is a stylus made of metal that actually leaves small deposits on the paper, which much be specially prepared so that it has a slightly rough surface.
		Metalpoint is made of several different soft metals, including gold, bronze, or, more commonly, silver.
		Silverpoint on cream laid paper prepared with a pink ground, 12 x 15.3 cm.
	www.clemusart.com /techniques/metalpoint.html (92 words)

	St. Paul Rending His Garments (Getty Museum) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In 1515 Pope Leo X commissioned Raphael to make cartoons for a series of ten tapestries to decorate the lower walls of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican.
		The expression on Saint Paul’s face and the contortion of his body convey his anguish at the pagan offering.
		In this drawing Raphael used the metalpoint technique.
	www.getty.edu /art/collections/objects/o105.html (180 words)

	Leonardo da Vinci: Studies for the Nativity (recto); Three Geometrical Diagrams and a Caricature of a Head (verso) ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Metalpoint largely reworked with pen and brown ink on salmon-pink prepared paper; stylus-ruled lines, compass construction, and ruled lines in metalpoint (recto); pen and brown ink, stylus-ruled lines, compass construction, and ruled lines in metalpoint on unprepared paper (verso); 7 5/8 x 6 3/8 in.
		Leonardo explored a number of solutions to the same theme on the sheet with dazzling fluency.
		He used the traditional fifteenth-century medium of metalpoint but reinforced the shadows with pen and ink for a deeper tonal contrast.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ho/08/eustc/hod_17.142.1.htm (224 words)

	Susan Schwalb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Reducing her compositions to their surface elements of a flat plane of subtle color and vertical or horizontal lines, Schwalb redefines a formalized language of painting.
		Susan Schwalb is one of the leading figures in the revival of the ancient technique of metalpoint drawing.
		The groups of horizontal bands are carefully (but intuitively) measured to evoke an atmosphere of serenity, and the images with their shimmering surface seem to float on the wall.
	www.robertsteelegallery.com /schwalb/schwalb2.htm (1765 words)

	Guild of Natural Science Illustrators: GNSI Summer Workshop
		A medium that reached its height of use during the Renaissance, metalpoint-- continues to be popular today, especially among fine artists and illustrators who appreciate line work that is delicate and sensitive.
		Methods of using metalpoint as a legitimate and viable drawing medium will be presented through lecture, demonstrations, and exercises.
		The registration for the week, including both morning and afternoon sessions of "Secrets of Scratchboard" and "Scratching the Surface: Metalpoint Drawing", is $400 for GNSI members, $445 for non-members.
	www.gnsi.org /whatwedo/summer_workshop/2005SWS.html (1958 words)

	Marilyn_Schlueter: Silverpoint Drawing Methods (1 of 3)
		First let me say it is my pleasure to offer to all of you a simple way of doing metalpoint.
		I have included information about a website that supplies materials to the metalpoint artist and has much needed detailed information.
		Use a support under your hand such as a piece of paper to keep your skin off the metalpoint surface.
	www.wetcanvas.com /Articles2/9137/423 (684 words)

	UW Press - : The Craft of Old-Master Drawings
		Back in print by popular demand, The Craft of Old-Master Drawings is both a useful manual for contemporary artists and a historical work covering the period from the late Middle Ages to the mid-twentieth century.
		It comprises a body of knowledge that is essential to artists, students of art history, curators, and collectors.
		For the artist interested in reproducing the effects achieved by these and many other acknowledged masters, there are full discussions and specific directions concerning the making of inks, styluses, reed and quill pens, fabricated chalks, and instructions for preparing grounds for metalpoint drawings.
	www.wisc.edu /wisconsinpress/books/1945.htm (632 words)

	Gallery III - Silverpoint Drawings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		I first began learning about and creating silverpoint drawings in 1983.
		Metalpoint refers to any metals that may be used, such as gold, copper, aluminum, but silver is the most common.
		In this process,, the artist draws with a silver stylus, depositing fine metallic lines on a prepared surface, which was traditionally a mixture of rabbitskin glue and whiting that was applied in many thin layers over paper or wood panels.
	www.norinekevolic.com /gal3sil.html (231 words)

	AHIS 398: Drawing Media
		The metalpoint will only leave a line if the drawing surface is treated with a preparation that will roughen it enough to scrape particles of metal from the stylus being pulled across it.
		The fl chalk used in the Renaissance (mentioned by Cennini, but not widely used before the later fifteenth century) was a type of carbonaceous shale, which was cohesive enough to be sawed into individual pieces and used as a drawing implement.
		It is much less delicate than metalpoint, and works best when used on paper.
	www-class.unl.edu /ahis398b/classmats/media.html (3196 words)

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