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Topic: Methanol

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Methanol economy

Biomass fuel

Alcohol

Formaldehyde

Propanol

Propane

Alcohol fuel

Alcoholic drinks

Chloromethane

Portable stove

Acetic acid

Ethyl alcohol

Propyl alcohol

Methylated spirit

Ethanol

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	Concepts in Biochemistry - Cutting Edge
		Methanol, the alcohol with the simplest chemical structure, works as a gasoline replacement, as a feedstock for making MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether) fuels, and as a source for making biodiesel.
		Methanol is mixed with a catalyst -- often sodium hydroxide -- and added to the oil.
		High speed racing vehicles have used methanol for fuel for many years, but a more recent development is the potential for fuel-cell powered vehicles which use a methanol reforming unit to generate hydrogen from methanol.
	www.wiley.com /legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/cutting_edge/methanol/methanol.htm (1228 words)

	Methanol
		Methanol is used as a solvent for lacquers, paints, varnishes, cements, inks, dyes, plastics and various industrial coatings.
		Methanol breaks downs to produce formaldehyde and formic acid, which are responsible for many of the toxic effects.
		Although methanol is normally stable, contact with strong oxidizing agents increases the risk of a fire or explosion.
	www.safety-council.org /info/OSH/methanol.htm (801 words)

	Alternative Fuels Data Center: Methanol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Methanol, also known as wood alcohol, can be used as an alternative fuel in flexible fuel vehicles that run on M85 (a blend of 85% methanol and 15% gasoline).
		Methanol can be used to make methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), an oxygenate which is blended with gasoline to enhance octane and create cleaner burning fuel.
		In the future, methanol could possibly be the fuel of choice for providing the hydrogen necessary to power fuel cell vehicles.
	www.eere.energy.gov /afdc/altfuel/methanol.html (119 words)

	methanol as a Transportation Fuel
		Methanol (methyl alcohol), often referred to as "wood alcohol" is a clean-burning liquid alternative transportation fuel.
		Its chemical formula is CH Methanol is normally produced from natural gas but also can be produced from coal or biomass crops, such as bagasse, the pulp residue left over from sugar cane, as shown in the picture to the right.
		Methanol was, at one time, a very promising alternative transportation fuel but has has been eclipsed by support for ethanol - mostly outside of California from corn-producing states - and compressed natural gas - supported by natural gas utility companies.
	www.energy.ca.gov /afvs/vehicle_fact_sheets/methanol.html (601 words)

	Methanol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Because of its poisonous properties, methanol is frequently used as a denaturant additive for ethanol manufactured for industrial uses— this addition of a poison economically exempts industrial ethanol from the rather significant 'liquor' taxes that would otherwise be levied as it is the essence of all potable alcoholic beverages.
		Methanol is used on a limited basis to fuel internal combustion engines, mainly by virtue of the fact that it is not nearly as flammable as gasoline.
		Methanol is required with a supercharged engine in a Top Alcohol Dragster and, until the end of the 2005 season, all vehicles in the Indianapolis 500 had to run methanol.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Methanol (1930 words)

	Methanol fuel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Methanol has been considered as a fuel, mainly in combination with gasoline.
		Methanol can be derived from biological sources; Russia has an extensive program to make methanol from eucalyptus.
		Both in the atmosphere and in the liver, methanol is oxidized into two highly potent toxins: formaldehyde (used as a preservative for dead organic matter in laboratories), and formic acid (the poison found in ant stings).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Methanol_fuel (907 words)

	Methanol
		Methanol is found as a component of many paint removers, varnishes, shellacs, windshield washing fluid and antifreeze.
		Methanol is derrived as a by-product of wood distillation.
		Methanol is absorbed well in the GI tract with peak levels attained in 30-90min.
	www.mnpoison.org /index.asp?pageID=145 (791 words)

	Methanol Properties
		Methanol is also a high-octane, clean-burning fuel that is a potentially important substitute for gasoline in automotive vehicles.
		Methanol can be manufactured from any hydrocarbon source; naphtha, oil, coal, wood, bio-mass, LPG, etc. The naphtha, fraction of crude oil distillation, is used as a raw material in many older facilities for the manufacture of methanol.
		Methanol is an important industrial material and it is used in the manufacture of formaldehyde, as a solvent in the paint and varnish industry, and as an anti-freeze.
	cetiner.tripod.com /Properties.htm (899 words)

	Methanol Poisoning Overview
		Methanol is a highly toxic alcohol commonly found in automobile windshield washer solvent, gas line antifreeze, copy machine fluid, fuel for small stoves, paint strippers, and as an industrial solvent (Budavari 1996B; Suit 1990).
		Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol and wood alcohol, is a primary alcohol with the chemical formula CH a molecular weight of 32.04, a specific gravity of 0.81 and a boiling point of 65° C. It is colorless, volatile, flammable, and readily miscible in water (Budavari 1996B).
		The elimination of methanol may be enhanced by administering folic acid, a cofactor in the conversion of formic acid to carbon dioxide, and by performing hemodialysis (Jacobson 1997).
	antizol.info /mpoisono.htm (1340 words)

	MEO Australia - About Methanol
		Methanol is also a gasoline additive and, in some cases, a gasoline substitute for use in automobiles and other small engines.
		The crude methanol is reduced in pressure and the flash gas is washed with water recycled from the distillation refining column.
		The methanol for the first plant is stored within the internal storage cells in the CGS providing a total storage volume of 150,000m³ with a further 80,000m³ designed for the second CGS and methanol plant.
	www.methanol.com.au /_about-methanol.asp (1371 words)

	BPA - Energy Efficiency \| Methanol Facts
		Methanol is a liquid chemical commonly known as wood alcohol.
		Methanol is safer to handle and kinder to the environment than hydrocarbon fuels.
		When methanol does ignite, it is easier to control because it radiates significantly less heat than a gasoline blaze.
	www.bpa.gov /Energy/N/tech/fuel_cell/methanol.cfm (474 words)

	methanol (wood alcohol). The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Methanol is used as a solvent for varnishes and lacquers, as an antifreeze, and as a gasoline extender in the production of gasohol.
		Because of its poisonous properties, methanol is also used as a denaturant for ethanol.
		Methanol is often called wood alcohol because it was once produced chiefly as a byproduct of the destructive distillation of wood.
	www.bartleby.com /65/me/methanol2.html (214 words)

	Methanol (M85)
		Methanol is typically made from natural gas; though it is possible to produce it by fermenting biomass (this is why it is sometimes called "wood alcohol"), this is not economically competitive yet.
		Methanol is more corrosive than gasoline (though it is less toxic, and not carcinogenic); this is why an automaker needs to change some of the materials in the fuel-handling systems of both the vehicle and the refueling station to materials that can withstand attack by the fuel.
		The richer fuel/air mixture needed by methanol also means that a given volume of gasoline will take you about 70% farther than the same tank full of M85; most automakers have at least partially compensated for this by putting a larger fuel tank in their M85 vehicles.
	www.altfuels.org /backgrnd/altftype/m85.html (640 words)

	[No title]
		Methanol is found in higher doses in alcoholic beverages, fruit and juices and therefore methanol in aspartame must be safe.
		Methanol is found in higher doses in alcoholic beverages, fruit ==> and juices and therefore methanol in aspartame must be safe.
		Absorbed Methanol From 260 mg/m3 Air Exposure During Workweek ------------------------------------------------------------- The formula used to calculate methanol inhaled in the Baumann (1979) study was discussed by Kavet (1990): (260 mg/m3 * 6.67 m3/workday * 5 workdays * 60 absorption rate) / 70 kg = 74 mg/kg/week of methanol absorption.
	www.holisticmed.com /aspartame/methanol.faq (4195 words)

	Biomass Energy Foundation: Methanol
		However, methanol is by far the simplest and cheapest ($0.15/gal at that time) synthetic fuel to make synthetically.
		He liked the article, but suggested that the transition to a methanol fueled future would be easier if it could be blended in increasing amounts into gasoline, say starting with 5 to 10% and gradually developing more capacity as oil became increasingly difficult to find.
		After a few more tanksfull of 10% methanol in my gasoline, I noticed that the "tank to tank" fuel economy was equal to or better than gasoline.
	www.woodgas.com /methanol.htm (1206 words)

	Methanol Holdings (Trinidad) Limited (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Methanol conversion is at a rate of 5% per pass hence there is a continual recycling of the unreacted gases in the synthesis loop.
		The 68% methanol solution is purified in two distinct steps in tall distillation columns called the topping column and refining column to yield a refined product with a purity of 99% methanol classified as Grade AA refined methanol.
		The methanol process is tested at various stages and the finished product is stored in a large secured tankage area off the plant until such time that it is ready to be delivered to customers.
	www.ttmethanol.com /methprocess.html (546 words)

	Technology Review: The Methanol Economy
		Methanol Farms by Guest (Lee) 08/14/2006 12:00 AM The ethanol guy says he gets 2.5 gallons of ethanol per bushel of corn and 150 bushels of corn per acre.
		Methanol as a fuel source by Guest (R. Maguire) 03/02/2006 12:00 AM In WW2, the Germans were able to make ersatz fuel to run their tanks.
		Methanol Safety by Guest (Colin) 03/03/2006 12:00 AM I liked this idea when Zubrin first hinted at it, with his proposed conversion of Martian atmospheric CO2 to methane.
	www.technologyreview.com /BizTech/wtr_16466,296,p1.html (4242 words)

	eMedicine - Methanol : Article Excerpt by: Kalyani Korabathina, MD
		Methanol toxicity remains a common problem in many parts of the developing world, especially among members of lower socioeconomic classes.
		Upon ingestion, methanol is quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and metabolized in the liver.
		The predilection for and mechanism of toxicity to the putamen is not understood.
	www.emedicine.com /neuro/byname/methanol.htm (548 words)

	Methanol (CASRN 67-56-1) \| IRIS \| US EPA
		No pertinent toxicity data regarding methanol were located in the available literature.
		Sprague-Dawley rats (30/sex/dose) were gavaged daily with 0, 100, 500, or 2500 mg/kg/day of methanol.
		Based on these findings, 500 mg/kg/day of methanol is considered a NOAEL in rats.
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0305.htm (739 words)

	eMedicine - Methanol : Article by Kalyani Korabathina, MD
		The interval between ingestion and the appearance of symptoms is correlated with the volume of methanol ingested and the amount of ethanol concomitantly ingested; competitive inhibition exists between the two (Rathi, 2006).
		Methanol appears to affect the basal ganglia, primarily the putamen.
		Methanol is found commonly in antifreeze, perfumes, paint solvents, photocopying fluid, and windshield washing fluid, all of which are readily available.
	www.emedicine.com /neuro/topic217.htm (3105 words)

	Methanol
		Methanol (CH 3 OH) is an alcohol fuel.
		However, the ability to produce methanol from non-petroleum feedstocks such as coal or biomass is of interest for reducing petroleum imports.
		In addition, methanol can be manufactured from a variety of carbon-based feedstocks such as natural gas, coal, and biomass (e.g., wood) and the use of methanol would help reduce U.S. dependence on imported petroleum.
	www.tennesseecleanfuels.org /Methanol.html (207 words)

	Methanol: Table of Contents \| Encyclopedia of Energy
		For many years methanol, known as wood alcohol, was produced by heating hardwoods such as maple, birch, and hickory to high temperatures in the absence of air.
		Second, since methanol is a lower energy density fuel, fuel injectors must be larger to provide greater volumes of fuel, and vehicles must be equipped with larger fuel tanks to achieve a range comparable to a gasoline vehicle.
		Although methanol is a cleaner burning fuel than gasoline and diesel fuel, when produced from natural gas, it generates more carbon dioxide emissions (which is suspected of contributing to global warming) than diesel fuel.
	www.bookrags.com /research/methanol-mee-02 (1122 words)

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