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Topic: Methylxanthine

Related Topics

Xanthine

Purine

Theobromine

Theophylline

Caffeine

Alkaline hydrolysis

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Hydrolysis

Phosphodiesterase

Smooth muscle

Hermann von Ihering

Borland

Mouth

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	Prophylactic methylxanthine for prevention of apnea in preterm infants
		Methylxanthines are thought to stimulate breathing efforts and have been used in clinical practice to reduce apnea since the 1970's.
		Theophylline and caffeine are two forms of methylxanthine that have been used and they are effective for the treatment of infants with recurrent apnea (Henderson-Smart 2005).
		Another review has suggested that methylxanthines prior to extubation might be of benefit in reducing the rate of respiratory failure, which is due in part to hypoventilation and apnea (Henderson-Smart 05a).
	www.nichd.nih.gov /cochrane/henderson2/henderson.HTM (2313 words)

	Methylxanthine treatment for apnea in preterm infants
		Methylxanthines are thought to stimulate breathing efforts and have been used in clinical practice to reduce apnea since the 1970's (reviewed by Samuels 1992; Henderson-Smart 04b; Comer 2001).
		Although methylxanthines lead to a reduction of apnea in preterm infants who have this clinical problem, they are not effective when given as prophylaxis to spontaneously breathing preterm infants at risk of developing apnea/bradycardia because of their low gestational age (Henderson-Smart 04a).
		Methylxanthines are effective in reducing the number of apneic attacks in the short term and in reducing the use of mechanical ventilation.
	www.nichd.nih.gov /cochrane/DHS1/DHS.HTM (3398 words)

	Doxapram versus methylxanthine for apnea in preterm infants
		Doxapram versus methylxanthine for apnea in preterm infants
		To assess the effects of doxapram compared with methylxanthine in preterm infants with recurrent apnea.
		Intravenous doxapram and intravenous methylxanthine appear to be similar in their short term effects for treating apnea in preterm infants, although these trials are too small to exclude an important difference between the two treatments or to exclude the possibility of less common adverse effects.
	www.cochrane.org /reviews/en/ab000075.html (490 words)

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