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Topic: Miasma theory of disease

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	Disease
		Blood-borne disease A blood-borne disease is one that is spread by contamination by blood.
		Miasma theory of disease The miasma theory of cholera were caused by a miasma (Greek language: "pollution"), a noxious f...
		Parasitic disease A parasitic disease is a parasite.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/disease.html (1867 words)

	Obsolete scientific theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An obsolete scientific theory is a scientific theory that was once commonly accepted but (for whatever reason) is no longer considered the most complete description of reality by mainstream science; or a falsifiable theory which has been shown to be false.
		In other cases, the theory is still useful because it provides a description that is "good enough" for a particular situation, and is more easily used than the complete theory (often because the complete theory is too mathematically complex to be easily usable).
		Miasma theory of disease - obsoleted by germ theory of disease
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Obsolete_scientific_theory (710 words)

	Miasma theory of disease -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The miasma theory of (An impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning) disease held that diseases such as (An acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food) cholera were caused by a miasma (Greek language: "pollution"), a noxious form of "bad air".
		The miasma theory was consistent with the observations that:
		Although incorrect, the miasma theory helped motivate major improvements in sanitation.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/mi/miasma_theory_of_disease.htm (216 words)

	ipedia.com: Miasma theory of disease Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The miasma theory of disease held that diseases like cholera were caused by a miasma, a noxious form of "bad air".
		The miasma theory was consistent with the observations that: disease was associated w...
		The miasma theory of disease held that diseases like cholera were caused by a miasma (Greek language: "pollution"), a noxious form of "bad air".
	www.ipedia.com /miasma_theory_of_disease.html (155 words)

	The Germ Theory of Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This notion later became known as the germ theory of disease, which is a cornerstone of modern medicine.
		The disease can be passed to humans and was common in farmers whose flocks of sheep or herds of cattle were affected.
		He was able to isolate rod-shaped bacteria from the blood of animals affected by anthrax by culturing the bacteria in the aqueous humor (a sterile fluid) from the eyes of oxen.
	www.park.edu /bhoffman/courses/bi350/recap/germtheory.htm (1530 words)

	BRIEF HISTORY DURING THE SNOW ERA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Supporters of the miasma theory felt that cholera was one such condition caused by noxious odors of decayed matter.
		The supporters of the miasma theory were unconvinced by Snow's and Budd's findings due to the absence of an organism and the lack of conclusive experimental proof.
		The germ theory for cholera was finally established, although earlier changes in the sanitary environment, called for by the erroneous miasma theory, had actually done much to reduce the transmission of disease.
	www.ph.ucla.edu /epi/snow/1859map/cholera_prevailingtheories_a2.html (742 words)

	University of Miami School of Medicine - Glossary - Miasma
		Miasma: A poisonous vapor or mist believed to be made up of particles from decomposing material that could cause disease and could be identified by its foul smell.
		The miasma theory of disease originated in the Middle Ages and persisted for centuries.
		The theory of miasmas was still popular in the 1800s and led to the "Bad Air theory" which lasted until the 1860s and 1870s.
	www.med.miami.edu /glossary/art.asp?articlekey=19304 (245 words)

	[No title]
		Seeing diseases as themselves narratives or in relation to narratives opened up their metaphoric possibilities for writers such as Dickens, Kingsley, Barrett Browning, C. Bronte, and Martineau, who, in the 1840s and 1850s contemplated how theories of disease could be used to explain other forms of human communication.
		Charles Rosenberg identifies the shift from a belief in an anticontagionist theory of disease to a belief in contagious diseases as a critical shift in the history of medicine, and not surprisingly, this shift allowed for rapid progress in the fight against contagious diseases such as cholera.
		Since contagious disease spread through human agents, these diseases were also taken up by some Victorian novelists as an appropriate metaphor for the act of creating fictional narratives, an act in which a writer spreads his or her ideas through the contact provided by words on a page.
	www.english.upenn.edu /~cjacobso/prop.html (3981 words)

	UVM History Review vol. 6 Dec. 1994: Gallagher
		According to the miasma theory of disease, fleece, cloth, and fur-bearing animals were likely agents of transmission, as the poisonous particles of "corrupted air" were believed to adhere to such materials.
		Despite the changing interpretations of the etiology of the disease and its social meaning, there was a growing awareness of the relationship between the plague and urban blight and a developing consensus that a co-ordinated effort was required to prevent disease through the amelioration of social ills.
		Disease control efforts throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries generated, through reports of mortality and a large body of literature on the subject, a growing archive on the plague which inspired further refinement and elaboration of disease control measures.
	www.uvm.edu /~hag/histreview/vol6/gallagher.html (8538 words)

	Obsolete scientific theories Article, Obsoletescientifictheories Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		An obsolete scientific theory is a scientifictheory that was once commonly accepted but (for whatever reason) is no longer considered the most complete description ofreality; or a falsifiable theory which has been shown to be false.
		This labeldoes not cover theories that are yet to gain wide support in the scientific community (protoscience or fringe science).
		In other cases, the theory is still useful because it provides adescription that is "good enough" for a particular situation, and is more easily used than the complete theory (often because thecomplete theory is too mathematically complex to be usable).
	www.anoca.org /theory/considered/obsolete_scientific_theories.html (585 words)

	Apostles of cleanliness
		In the early 19th century, the reigning explanation for the spread of disease was the miasmic, or anticontagionist, theory.
		This theory held that disease was caused by sewer gas, garbage fumes, and poor sanitation.
		Ironically, this epidemic discredited the partisans of the miasma theory.
	pubs.acs.org /subscribe/journals/mdd/v05/i05/html/05ttl.html (1880 words)

	Review 3
		With a growing focus on "the cell as the locus of disease and on the microbe as its cause" (8), scientists re-located their gaze from external environments to the internal space in which cells exist and interact.
		As germ theory and colonialism demanded a new conception of selfhood that could exist despite the permeability of its borders, creative writers explored "the consequences of basing personal identity on divisions that did not actually exist" (120).
		Linked by their mutual vulnerability to disease in a sequence of sexual encounters that only the audience fully realizes, Schnitzler's characters dramatize an "open system of circulation" (136) in which "biology mocks the social devices through which difference is established" (137).
	www.brynmawr.edu /bmrcl/winter2000/otisreview.html (2268 words)

	Germ theory of disease :: Web Articles ::
		The germ theory of disease, also called the pathogenic theory of disease, is speculation that instead of genetics being the proximal cause of many diseases that the environment plays a significant factor in the form of pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria or viruses.
		For that reason some scientists, such as Gregory Cochran, have suggested a pathogenic theory of homosexuality, the idea that a microorganism may be the proximal cause of homosexual behaviour that is observed in many species.
		This microorganism has not been identitified, if it exists, although some proponents of this theory counter that as with Helicobacter pylori having been only accidentally found to cause stomach ulcers (when stress or heredity were thought to be among the only causes), no one is looking for this microorganism.
	www.webarticles.com /Science/Biology/Germ-theory-of-disease (456 words)

	Germ theory of disease : Germ theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The germ theory of disease states that many diseases are caused by microorganisms, and that microorganisms grow by reproduction, rather than being spontaneously generated.
		John Snow believed that the germ theory explained outbreaks of cholera, in opposition to the prevailing miasma theory of cholera.
		It is scarcely necessary to say, the captain's widow everything else about a vessel; but the plan was to divide the.
	www.termsdefined.net /ge/germ-theory.html (268 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In 1854, it was believed that diseases were caused by a ‘miasma’.
		Thinking of the time favoured the ‘dilution’ problem which essentially was that a disease would ‘dilute’ itself over time as repetition of the disease through the population was supposed to ‘weaken’ the disease, and all people had to do was to wait until the disease became ‘diluted’ and was therefore no linger harmful.
		John Snow’s theory was that the cholera toxin, or poison, had to grow with each victim.
	www.csse.monash.edu.au /courseware/cse1720/JohnSnow.doc (1150 words)

	Obsolete_scientific_theories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This also does not cover theories that were never widely accepted, or theories which were only supported in specific countries because of the imposition of dictatorial regimes (such as Lysenkoism).
		In other cases, the theory is still useful because it provides a description that is "good enough" for a particular situation, and is more easily used than the complete theory (often because the complete theory is too mathematically complex to be usable).
		Creationist theory - obsoleted by Big Bang theory and the theory of evolution.
	www.comicscomics.com /search.php?title=Obsolete_scientific_theories (626 words)

	http://www.moorhead.msus.edu/bynum/Health330/330syllabus.html
		Introduction to common diseases with an emphasis on primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in health education and health promotion.
		Identify the distinguishing characteristics of common diseases and disorders, known methods of transmission or predisposing factors, and where appropriate methods of treatment, prevention and control.
		In this course diversity is addressed by examining the incidence and prevalence of diseases among minority groups.
	www.mnstate.edu /bynum/Health330/330syllabus.html (770 words)

	Dead_bodies_and_health_risks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		After catastrophes with extensive loss of life due to trauma, much resource is often expended on burying the dead quickly, and applying disinfectant to bodies, to prevent disease.
		While, of course, research and evidence must override any commonsensical arguments, there is not even any logical reason for non-diseased corpses to spread disease: micro-organisms do not come into being by spontaneous generation, any more than flies are generated spontaneously by rotting rubbish, rather than hatching eggs.
		Disease micro-organisms are not the same as those causing decay.
	www.usedaudiparts.com /search.php?title=Dead_bodies_and_health_risks (257 words)

	The Miasma Theory of Disease and London Pollution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Miasma Theory of Disease and London Pollution
		Since the air could also be corrupted by dirt, feces, and even perspiration, moralists pointed to squalid, undisciplined slum neighborhoods as the probable source of the diseased The miasma theory of disease led to a conviction among both experts and laymen that human and animal waste could be rendered innocuous by immersing it in water.
		The water closet, patented by Joseph Bramah in 1778, became popular among the upper middle classes in the 1820S and gradually spread throughout the metropolis in the following decades.* The WC was supposed to eliminate the need for carting human wastes.
	www.victorianweb.org /science/health/porter8.html (197 words)

	Intelligent Enterprise Magazine - Data in the Time of Cholera
		Snow published a pamphlet in 1849 detailing this theory, but nobody paid any attention to it because it contradicted the well-established miasma theory of disease.
		Snow's theory was obviously wrong because of the dilution problem, according to the thinking of the time.
		Snow's theory implied that somehow the cholera poison had to grow within a victim and that was a ludicrous idea at the time.
	www.intelligententerprise.com /010308/feat3_2.jhtml (1134 words)

	Dictionary.com/Word of the Day: miasma
		A vaporous exhalation (as of marshes or putrid matter) formerly thought to cause disease; broadly, a thick vaporous atmosphere or emanation.
		The critics, he says, "will sit in their large automobiles, spewing a miasma of toxic gas into the atmosphere, and they will thank you for not smoking a cigarette."
		To destroy such prejudices, which many a time rise and spread themselves like a miasma, is an imperative duty of theory, for the misbegotten offspring of human reason can also be in turn destroyed by pure reason.
	dictionary.reference.com /wordoftheday/archive/2004/02/07.html (180 words)

	Chapter Resources: All Chapters
		Explain the doctrine of spontaneous generation and outline the work of Redi, Needham, and Spallanzani to support or refute the doctrine.
		Outline the work of Semmelweis and Snow to show how disease transmission could be interrupted.
		Explain what is meant by the Golden Age of Microbiology and why the Golden Age came to an end.
	microbiology.jbpub.com /objective.cfm?chapter=1 (203 words)

	Expert About mi:Miasma
		Miasma is a CD in word and music by Myra Davies (Vancouver) and Gudrun Gut (Berlin).
		Miasma generates machine code generators from a table of instruction descriptions.
		Miasma of Funk is an ongoing shindig organized by Dave Riley (formerly of Big Black) and Joe Irizarry (formerly of Coitus Manifold), and thrown in Top Scrap Recording Studio.
	expertsite.biz /dir/mi/miasma.htm (698 words)

	Occupational Hazards - AOHC: How Does Chemical Exposure Impact the Sense of Smell? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Our sense of smell warns us away from a number of potentially harmful chemicals and substances, she said, partially because of the "miasma theory of disease.
		Clinical significance — Olfactory loss is an early signal of Alzheimer's Disease and other neuro-degenerative diseases.
		Age, disease and exposure history can impact a worker's sensitivity to odors, and risk perception and personality traits can influence the way a worker processes odor information.
	www.occupationalhazards.com /articles/index.php?id=7050 (472 words)

	The question of evidence in health promotion -- Raphael 15 (4): 355 -- Health Promotion International
		is on the causes of disease or the effects of treatment.
		theories of health, are not appropriate for examining issues
		Gene theory can be added to these three.
	heapro.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/15/4/355 (6027 words)

	New Statesman: From the great tightrope walker Blondin, to Tito's right-wing rival, to Chief Omitogun, all death is ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		I had never before been to this vast graveyard between the Harrow Road and the Grand Union Canal: the first metropolitan cemetery laid out after they decided to shut the London churchyards to any more burials.
		(This was partly to make things harder for corpse-snatchers such as Burke and Hare, but partly because of the pre-Pasteur "miasma" theory of disease.
		She became the leading exponent of the theory that Edward was "sexually deficient" and "only Wallis found the means of releasing him from his inhibitions." Her own son never married.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FQP/is_n4334_v126/ai_19693153 (921 words)

	Learn more about Sanitation in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Sanitation is an important public health measure which is essential for the prevention of disease.
		This is a pathetic stub article -- much more needs to be written here
		the germ theory of disease (and its predecessor, the miasma theory of disease)
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /s/sa/sanitation.html (166 words)

	Miasma definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Miasma definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		MedicineNet Home > MedTerms medical dictionary A-Z List > Miasma
		Please consult your healthcare provider before beginning any course of supplementation or treatment.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=19304 (348 words)

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