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Topic: Michigamua

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	MichiganDaily.com
		Michigamua has been working to understand the importance of items that have been deemed offensive, and the fact that we have little previous knowledge is not an excuse.
		Michigamua member Shannon Shakespeare, a Kinesiology senior, said when they were first inducted last April they were aware of Michigamua's past controversies and immediately determined to address the inconclusiveness of issues that remain unresolved.
		Michigamua members admitted some of the belongings and traditions they are aware of may appear discriminatory but that they are committed to identifying and removing anything offensive to Native Americans.
	www.pub.umich.edu /daily/2000/feb/02-11-2000/news/02.html (1143 words)

	Summer 2000 Michigan Today--Michigamua protest ends
		Reilly noted that in 1989 the U-M administration and members of Michigamua signed an agreement calling for a halt to both behavioral and verbal references to Native American culture, with the exception of the organization's name.
		Michigamua receives no funds from U-M, but acquired an indefinite lease to the top floors of the Union in return for its fund-raising role when the Union was built.
		In a Feb. 11 interview in the Michigan Daily, Michigamua alumni and current undergraduate members said the organization's focus is on University and community service.
	www.umich.edu /~newsinfo/MT/00/Sum00/mt7j00.html (448 words)

	The Western Geologist: Lee Bollinger
		Michigamua was founded in 1902 and was given a perputal lease to some offices in the student union in gratitude for their fund raising efforts.
		Michigamua agreed to stop using Native American artifacts in 1989, but according to SCC they didn't follow through on their promise (SCC also claimed that their name was offensive).
		SCC occupied Michigamua's offices and hung a banner out the window of the 3rd floor of the union (I don't remember what it said even though I saw it every day on my way to and from the bus).
	westerngeologist.blogspot.com /2006/10/lee-bollinger.html (1575 words)

	ZoomInfo Web Summary: Michigamua
		Michigamua's highest ideal outside of serving the University is to serve it with humility and not to self promote.
		Michigamua selects it members based upon their accomplishments, character and a dedication to the University.
		Michigamua's mission is to serve the University of Michigan.
	www.zoominfo.com /Search/CompanyDetail.aspx?CompanyID=51512475&cs=QEDEgSbe4 (620 words)

	Michigan students occupy anti-Indian secret society
		Michigamua spokesman Nick Delgado said the society, which was founded in 1901 as an honorary society for seniors to promote leadership and community service, no longer uses the artifacts and has stored them for several years.
		MICHIGAMUA is one of the oldest and strongest of UM honorary societies.
		MICHIGAMUA resides on the 7th floor of the Student Union since 1931 after the University Board of Regents voted to give "the tribe of Michigamua" the top tower room free of rent.
	www.alphacdc.com /treaty/michigamua.html (8071 words)

	A little bit about Michigamua
		The inductees from last year are the first Michigamua group to include women, although even this group is disproportionately male when compared to the student population as a whole.
		Michigamua appears to have played a part in the construction of the Union but the group itself admits that alumni unaffiliated with Michigamua helped raise money for the construction of the Union.
		Both the SCC and other opponents of Michigamua and Michigamua’s current membership agree that this is a shameful past full of racism.
	www.stormpages.com /micahth/michigamua/michigamuabit.html (1657 words)

	Michigan Students Protest Campus Club's Indian Relics
		The students took over the Michigamua offices on the seventh floor of the Michigan Union tower last Sunday and dug through the attic of the club, which began letting women in last fall.
		His group has several demands: an apology, that the university sever all ties to Michigamua, that the club's space be made available to all students, that all references to Indian culture be eliminated from club use, and that all artifacts be given back to the Indian community.
		Michigamua has said it would agree to all of the demands except giving up its meeting space and university affiliation.
	partners.nytimes.com /library/national/021300michigan-edu.html (697 words)

	Michigamua and Michigan
		Michigamua spokesperson and LSA senior Nick Delgado gave a wide ranging interview to the Michigan Independent on February 12.
		Delgado further added that the recent members wanted to be far more open about their activities and went as far as to say that Michigamua "is not a secret society" but failed to give any specifics as what this statement meant in practice.
		Michigamua was the most prominent topic of conversation but far from the only one.
	www.umich.edu /~michind/michigamua/michigamuaymichigan.html (1216 words)

	A Little Bit More About Michigamua
		The inductees from last year are the first Michigamua group to include Women, although even this group remains disproportionately male when compared to the student population as a whole.
		Oftentimes, the role that Michigamua, the organization, plays in an event is unclear since its members are also influential outside of the group.
		This fits with Delgado’s claim that Michigamua "is not a secret society." Furthermore Delgado told the Independent that the group might consider allowing the media to attend and report on Michigamua meetings, although he would not give any sort of commitment to this or any other specific action that might yield greater public knowledge.
	www.stormpages.com /micahth/michigamua/bit.html (1517 words)

	Chronicle of what students did at the Univeristy of Michigan in February and March of 2000
		On Feb. 6, a group of minority students occupied the seventh-floor office atop the tower of the Michigan Union and demanded that Michigamua be expelled.
		Just as Michigamua's traditions of exploiting Native American culture and religion has continued into the year 2000, with the exception of several high- level administrators who are members of Michigamua, the trend of careful administrative neutrality has been maintained under the current administration of President Lee C. Bollinger.
		With the occupation, the SCC is demanding that the university cease supporting Michigamua by providing it with exclusive use of space in the tower (other student groups have to apply annually for space).
	www.columbia.edu /cu/uscc/archives/news/Michigan.htm (2105 words)

	The Militant - March 20, 2000 -- Students protest college's support of racist group
		In 1972, a group of Native Americans informed Michigamua and the University of Michigan of their opposition to the group's racist practices.
		In 1989, a legal agreement between the University of Michigan, Michigamua, and a Native American complainant was signed, which read in part, "Michigamua does hereby eliminate all reference to Native American culture and pseudo culture and extensions and parodies thereof, with the one exemption being the name, Michigamua, for now and forever."
		Over time, however, it became apparent that Michigamua was not abiding by the 1989 agreement, and their activities on campus had not changed.
	www.themilitant.com /2000/6411/641150.html (721 words)

	Canku Ota - February 26, 2000 - Report from the Tower
		Michigamua gained its exclusive space within the tower of the Michigan Union in the early 1930’s.
		A letter from “Great Scalper” Yost, as he was known to fellow members, hangs on the wall of the seventh floor meeting space and describes the original plans for the “wigwam,” an imitation of the traditional Anishnaabeg structure.
		In 1989 an agreement was signed between Michigamua, a Native student, and a University representative in which Michigamua agreed to eliminate all references to Native American culture, and pseudo-culture from their organization.
	www.turtletrack.org /Issues00/Co02262000/CO_02262000_Report.htm (1598 words)

	Creation of Michigamua (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Michigamua song goes on to describe the cultural perversions of the organization in regards to the appropriation of Native American culture and religion.
		The behavior of Michigamua continued to be accepted and rewarded by University of Michigan administators and eventually led to construction of the Michigamua “wigwam” on central campus.
		Michigamua, through special administrative privileges, was awarded a room by University administrators in which they could literally tower above the rest of campus—a symbolic metaphor for the elitist values inherent in the organization.
	ourworld-top.cs.com /jcshul/myhomepage/auto.html (1494 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The protesters say the 99-year-old Michigamua student society, which counts former President Gerald Ford as an alumnus, has not honored a 1989 promise to drop Indian-style rituals.
		The sit-in began Feb. 6, after the protesters got a key to the Michigamua office from a sympathetic member, said one of the students involved, Diego Bernal, 23.
		Michigamua's rituals were overhauled in 1990 to comply with the agreement, Delgado said.
	www.bamn.com /ce/2000/000214-ap-tower-occ.txt (614 words)

	michigamua (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Michigamua is a secret society at the University of Michigan.
		In 1932 Michigamua was granted a permanent lease for space in the tower of the Michigan Union.
		Michigamua denies that any archival items were used during the time of the occupation of the Tower.
	37447-michigamua.188.upinhistory.com (378 words)

	U-WIRE.com/Michigan minority student group to end 37-day occupation of student union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		After waiting for more than a month for Michigamua and the administration to remove Michigamua's Native American artifacts from its tower office, SCC last night said they decided the job needed to be done and took it upon themselves to see that the materials were removed.
		He added that Michigamua agrees that the Native American artifacts should be removed to the proper places but that the group wants to be involved in the decision.
		Ackerman said after having University faculty and staff take an inventory of all the cultural material in the tower, Michigamua hoped to have a dialog with the Native community to not only promote healing, but to understand which objects are offensive and why they are offensive.
	www.uwire.com /content/topnews031300002.html (606 words)

	Newspaper Rock: Gerald Ford and Michigamua
		As a member of the Michigamua class of 1935 and an active alumnus, Gerald Ford had a special relationship that each senior class held in high honor.
		While he was in the White House, Ford sent opening remarks to Michigamua to support them during the organization's 75th anniversary.
		Prior to Michigamua's 100th anniversary, Ford met with the men and women of the classes of 1999 and 2000 to offer counsel on how to manage the group through change and emphasized that we should continue to lead with integrity.
	www.bluecorncomics.com /2007/01/gerald-ford-and-michigamua.html (222 words)

	Michigamua Occupation, Ann Arbor, Michigan Feb 20, 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Michigamua will sign an agreement to this affect with both the university and the SCC, and the University agrees that it will enforce the agreement to the full extent of its authority.
		Michigamua agrees to publicly apologize to the Native American community for its disrespectful treatment of Native culture and for breaking numerous written and verbal agreements.
		The University of Michigan, Michigamua, Phoenix, and the Vulcans, on behalf of themselves, their representatives and affiliates agree that no action, legal or otherwise, will be taken against any student in connection with or arising out of any act, omission, or event related to the occupation of the Tower.
	ishgooda.org /racial/michmua1.htm (2414 words)

	MichiganDaily.com
		In light of the recent controversy surrounding the Michigamua society, University alumni and Michigamua members are speaking out against the allegations of racism surrounding the organization.
		Michigamua's member list is, in effect, a who's who list for the University.
		As for the claims that Michigamua practices are disrespectful to Native Americans, Berenson said that they are simply not true.
	www.pub.umich.edu /daily/2000/feb/02-11-2000/news/10.html (623 words)

	Blog All Title - February 2006, 19
		Michigamua is a disgusting elite club that has engaged in offensive behavior mocking Native American culture, although it is not clear that disgusting behavior must always be punished or prohibited.
		When the University and Michigamua signed the Agreement they were aware that Native Americans considered the Michigamua “ceremonies, references and representations” to be “offensive”, and therefore agreed, as a result, to “hereby eliminate all references to Native American culture and pseudo-culture and extensions and parodies thereof.
		The University either knew that Michigamua was continuing to violate the contract, or it engaged in deliberate blindness in not inquiring or monitoring Michigamua’s activities.
	chetlyzarko.com /b2evolution/index.php?blog=1&m=20060219 (2766 words)

	The Michiganmau Dispute: Michigamua has troubled past - Opinion
		Participation in Michigamua is used as an escape from oppression for those individuals of underrepresented genders, races, orientations and religions that have recently gained entrance.
		Michigamua was granted exclusive access to the tower of the Michigan Union.
		In 2000, members of the Students of Color Coalition discovered that the tower was structured as a pseudo-wigwam, filled with both authentic and mock objects such as drums, a cradleboard and sacred pipes.
	media.www.michigandaily.com /media/storage/paper851/news/2006/02/02/Opinion/The-Michiganmau.Dispute.Michigamua.Has.Troubled.Past-1596554.shtml?sourcedomain=www.michigandaily.com&MIIHost=media.collegepublisher.com (1011 words)

	The Goodspeed Update » Name Michigan’s Premier Secret Society!
		The change is apparently in an attempt to convince the community they have “changed” and to distance themselves from a 90+ year history intertwined with offensive references to Native American culture, complete with loin cloths, headdresses, Native-sounding nicknames, and an elaborate organization mythology.
		As a note, in 2000 the organization decided to add a subtitled, calling themselves “Michigamua: New Traditions for a New Millennium” but it didn’t seem to stick anywhere but their official website.
		Michigamua should just work with the Native American community to clear up things and honor and revere rather than denigrate the association with Native American traditions.
	goodspeedupdate.com /?p=1905 (3973 words)

	Ashley Dinges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It's called Michigamua, and for years, it has been a secret society with a tublent, racist past.
		He says he won't edit stories about the group, but Michigamua sponsors many events on campus, and it will be extremely difficult to make sure he's not covering anything related to the group.
		But like I said in the Daily article: The main reason I work at the paper is my love of journalism, and I'm not willing to compromise my integrity or ethical beliefs so that the editor can be a part of this group.
	www.visualeditors.com /ashley/index.php?tag=michigamua (801 words)

	Untitled Document
		What Michigamua Purports to Be Founded in 1902, Michigamua is a senior recognition society consisting of up to 25 student leaders at the University of Michigan who have reached the highest level of achievement in a variety of University activities.
		For the entire semester students have protested Michigamua and the secret societies due to the blatant forms of racism and elitism that are inherent in the traditions of their organizations.
		But Michigamua members continued to do it in the private confines of the "wigwam" they built in their space (a wigwam built after Michigamua had promised not to do things like build and use wigwams).
	www-personal.umich.edu /~mercury/OCR.html (9410 words)

	Goodspeed Update: Michiguama Index
		Michigamua received a great deal of publicity when a coalition of students who claimed their practices were racist and offensive to students of color invaded their meeting rooms in the top floors of the Michigan Union.
		I would like to recognize the help of several Michigamua members and critics in compiling the most complete and accurate information avaliable.
		The notable characteristic column was provided to me as a way to quickly identify a notable activity that each person has participated in, that may or may not have led to an invitation to join Michigamua.
	www.goodspeedupdate.com /index-michigamua.htm (457 words)

	Arbor Update: Michigamua-trauma Hull "humbly" hammers Goodspeed
		“Michigamua” may be roughly analagous to “Burritogarcia” in terms of wackiness, or fakeness.
		The word “Michigamua” is a Native American term, and therefore the organization cannot completely separate itself from its troubled past as long its members call the group Michigamua.
		The reformation comes in response to years of criticism and claims that the senior honor society was racist because it had previously used Native American rituals and artifacts in its meetings.
	arborupdate.com /article/1163/michigamua-trauma-hull-humbly-hammers-goodspeed (3255 words)

	Ashley Dinges » Why I quit my job (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Fresard told the Daily for their own story he decided it was the “the right thing to do,” adding he found “nothing objectionable” about the group after their recent announced changes.
		It's not just that the Michigamua group used tribal traditions in mockery of Native Americans, or that they excluded women or fls, the problem with any secret society is the the moral question of what are they trying to hide?
		I have very specific information about who belongs to Michigamua and I understand now why some of those individuals would be uncomfortable with public knowledge of their membership in this group.
	www.visualeditors.com /ashley/2006/07/why-i-quit-my-job (4108 words)

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