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Topic: Micipsa

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	Jugurtha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The people of Numidia were semi-nomadic, indistinguishable from the other Berbers in North Africa until the reign of Masinissa, who became a Roman ally in 206 BC, with a kingdom roughly equivalent to modern northern Algeria.
		His son Micipsa succeeded him in 148 B.C. Jugurtha, Masinissa's illegitimate grandson, was very popular among the Numidians — so popular that Micipsa sent him away to Spain, but there Jugurtha made influential Roman contacts.
		When Micipsa died in 118, the kingdom of Numidia was ruled by Micipsa's two sons Hiempsal (who Jugurtha had assassinated) and Adherbal, and Jugurtha.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jugurtha (384 words)

	Micipsa - WCD (Wiki Classical Dictionary) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Micipsa was the eldest legitimate son of Masinissa, king of Numidia and was said to have been "a lover of peace" (Appian Pun.
		Succeeded to the throne on his father's death in the spring of 148 BC and was given the Numidian capital of Cirta (along with the royal palace and treasury there) by the Roman aristocrat Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus, to whom Masinissa had given the authority to administer his estate.
		Bronze, copper, and lead coins bearing the letters "MN" are attributed to Micipsa (and his father Masinissa), as is a Neo-Punic inscription on a statue base found at the Phoenician coastal town of Iol (Cherchel) that reads "Micipsa, king of the Massylii".
	www.ancientlibrary.com /wcd/Micipsa (691 words)

	Numidia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		During Micipsa's reign Numidian cultural and commercial progress was aided when thousands of Carthaginians fled to Numidia following the Roman destruction of Carthage.
		Micipsa had two natural sons Hiempsal and Adherbal and is reported to have added his illegitimate nephew Jugurtha to his palace household.
		In 134 B.C., when Micipsa sent archers, slingers, and elephants to aid Scipio Aemilianus besieging Numantia in Spain, he gave the command to Jugurtha.
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /WestCivI/new_page_79.htm (2132 words)

	HISTORICAL CHRONICLES GREAT AGUELLIDS: Part II Micipsa 148 -118 B.C.E. : Tamazgha - Massinissa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Gulussa, another son, was appointed to the head of the army, and Mastanbal was given responsibility for the judiciary.
		Micipsa, however, refused, either because he respected his oath to Scipion or because he knew Rome was too strong and powerful, meaning certain failure in a battle with them, which would result in the destruction of his father's achivements.
		Micipsa died in 118 B.C.E. after a reign of 30 years.
	amazighworld.net /history/ancienthistory/amina/part6.php (533 words)

	Numidian Coin, Deer Creek, OH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Fell identified it as a coin of Micipsa, who was King of Numidia (in present day Tunisia and Algeria) from 148-118 B.C. The coin is considerably darker than it appears in the above photographs, which were taken in bright sunlight.
		The beginning of Micipsa's rule coincided with the final seige of adjacent Carthage by Rome during 149-146 B.C., and was a time when Carthaginian refugees might have been eager to flee from the long reach of Rome.
		In Micipsa's day, Ross County was a major center of the Adena and Hopewell cultures.
	www.econ.ohio-state.edu /jhm/arch/coins/numidia.htm (354 words)

	The Foolsbed Bush (Wanderthorn, Batbush)
		Micipsa was a tall and handsome youth but his family had fallen from grace and he was very poor.
		Micipsa was out hunting very early when he stumbled and landed upon the branches of a Foolsbed, being pierced but once in his arm.
		Micipsa looked startled and went to move again, but again he was stopped.
	www.santharia.com /herbarium/foolsbed_bush.htm (1342 words)

	Jugurtha
		His father and his uncle Gulussa seem to have died not much later, because Jugurtha is reported to have grown up in the palace of his uncle Micipsa, who gave the young man a military training and treated him as one of his own sons.
		Micipsa had sent Numidian troops to Sardinia and and Hispania, where they fought for the Romans.
		In 118, Micipsa died and Numidia was again divided into three parts, which were to be ruled by Jugurtha and his cousins, Adherbal and Hiempsal.
	www.livius.org /jo-jz/jugurtha/jugurtha.html (1298 words)

	History of Rome from the Earliest Times down to 476 AD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Whatever Micipsa's later intentions may have been, whether under ordinary circumstances his natural benevolence and even his patriotism would have continued to war with an undefined feeling of distrust, this letter relieved his doubts, if only because it showed that Jugurtha could never fill a private station.
		The act of adoption was immediately accomplished, and a testament was drawn up by which Jugurtha was named joint heir with Micipsa's own sons to the throne of Numidia.[880] A few years later the aged king lay on his deathbed.
		As he felt his end approaching, he is said to have summoned his friends and relatives together with his two sons, and in their presence to have made a parting appeal to Jugurtha.
	www.manybooks.net /pages/pennellretext068rome10/367.html (372 words)

	Numidia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The progress of civilization among the Numidians was not seriously interrupted, and indeed after 146 BC it received new impetus as thousands of Carthaginians fled to Numidia after the destruction of Carthage.
		While Micipsa was the guardian of Jugurtha, Micipsa fathered two sons named Adherbal and Hiempsal, creating three heirs to his throne.
		Micipsa died in about 118, and the kingdom was to be divided again; but Jugurtha had different thoughts.
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /numidia.htm (582 words)

	JUGURTHA - LoveToKnow Article on JUGURTHA
		After his fathers death he was brought up by his uncle Micipsa together with his cousins Adherbal and Hiempsal.
		Micipsa, naturally afraid of him, sent him to Spain (134 B.c.) in command of a Numidian force, to serve under P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus Minor.
		Scipio had written to Micipsa a strong letter of recommendation in favor of Jugurtha; and to Scipio, accordingly, Micipsa entrusted the execution of his will.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /J/JU/JUGURTHA.htm (589 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 638 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Muller.) [L. ('lovyofyeas or Sl<>7op0as), king of Numidia, was a grandson of Masinissa, being a son of his youngest son, Mastanabal; but on account of his illegitimate birth, his mother being only a concubine, he was neglected by his grandfather, and remained in a private situation so long as Masinissa lived.
		Jugurtha quickly distinguished himself both by his abilities and his skill in all bodily exercises, and rose to so much favour and popularity with the Numidians, that he began to excite the.jealousy of Micipsa, who became apprehensive lest he should eventually supplant his two sons.
		In order to remove him to a distance, and not without a hope that he might perish in the war, Micipsa sent him, in b.
	ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/1746.html (691 words)

	Jugurtha
		When Micipsa became king he also had two children Aderhbal and Hiempsal but he took Jugurtha in and raised him in the kingdom just as if he were Micipsaís own son.
		But, when he began to show up Micipsaís own sons and when it was evident that the people of Rome loved him Micipsa had to do something for fear of his own son being rejected by Numidia when it was his turn to be king.
		One day, some years later when Micipsa was frail and dying Micipsa called a sort of meeting in which wanted to talk to Jugurtha in front of family and friends.
	www.ga.k12.pa.us /academics/MS/8th/Rome/jugurtha.html (2491 words)

	Africa and Rome
		Masinissa (202-148 BC) was succeeded by his three sons, two of whom died soon after him, leaving Micipsa, a loyal ally of Rome, as King of Numidia.
		Micipsa realized that Jugurtha would become a dangerous rival to his own sons’ share of power, so he sent him to command Numidian troops fighting for Rome in 134 BC, hoping he would be killed.
		Micipsa took the hint and made Jugurtha joint heir with his two sons, Hiempsal and Adherbal.
	www.usd.edu /~clehmann/pir/how_gain.htm (824 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1082 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		148), the sovereign power was divided by Scipio between Micipsa and his two brothers, Gulussa and Mas-tanabal, in such a manner that the possession of Cirta.
		Jugurtha, however, was prudent enough to repress his ambitious projects during the lifetime of Micipsa : and the latter died at an advanced age in b.c.
		Towards the close of the reign of Micipsa, Numidia was visited by a dreadful pestilence, which
	ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/2190.html (820 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Micipsa adopted his nephew, Jugurtha, and brought him into his kingdom.
		Micipsa sent military forces over to Scipio Aemlianus to aid him in attacking Numantia.
		Micipsa put Jugurtha in charge of these forces in 134 BC.
	www.germantownacademy.org /academics/MS/8th/romanhis/Forum/1999/acicco/EarlyL.htm (216 words)

	Jugurtha -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Jugurtha became so popular among the Numidians that Micipsa tried to eliminate his influence by sending him in 134 to assist the Roman general Scipio Africanus the Younger in the siege of Numantia (Spain).
		After Micipsa's death in 118, Jugurtha shared the rule of Numidia with Micipsa's two sons, Hiempsal and Adherbal, the first of whom Jugurtha assassinated.
		When Adherbal was attacked by Jugurtha, he fled to Rome for aid—Rome's approval being required for any change in the government of Numidia—but, by bribing Roman officials, Jugurtha's envoys obtained senatorial authorization for a division of Numidia, with Jugurtha taking the western (and richer) half and Adherbal the eastern half.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9044101 (657 words)

	Jughurta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The people of Numidia were semi-nomadic, indistinguishable from the other Berbers in North Africa until the reign of Masinissa, who became a Roman ally in 206 BC, with a kingdomroughly equivalent to modern Algeria.
		His son Micipsa succeeded him in 148 B.C. Jugurtha, Masinissa's illegitimate grandson, was very popular among the Numidians-- so popular that Micipsa sent him away to Spain, but there Jugurtha made influentialRoman contacts.
		When Micipsa died in 118, the kingdom of Numidia was ruled by Micipsa's two sonsHiempsal (whom Jugurtha had assassinated) and Adherbal, and Jugurtha.
	www.therfcc.org /jughurta-171286.html (258 words)

	118 B.C. - events and references
		Micipsa enlarges the city of Cirta, and places Greek settlers there.
		The death of king Micipsa, who is succeeded by his three sons, Adherbal Hiempsal and Jugurtha.
		A conference between the sons of Micipsa to split up his kingdom.
	www.attalus.org /bc2/year118.html (176 words)

	The Jugurthine War by Gaius Crispus Sallust
		He passed much of his time in hunting, and was the first, or among the first, to wound the lion and other prey; yet, while thus prominent in action, he was the last to talk about himself.
		When, however, he marked his nephew in the prime of life ever rising in importance, while his own existence was now near its close, and his children were still young, he was greatly disquieted, and turned over in his mind many remedies.
		At the head of this commission was Lucius Opimius, a man of distinction, and at that time of great influence in the Senate, owing to the stern use which he had made as consul of the victory of the nobility at the time when Gaius Gracchus and Marcus Fulvius Flaccus were murdered.
	www.uah.edu /student_life/organizations/SAL/texts/latin/classical/sallust/bellumiug1e.html (9919 words)

	Amina Belguendouz: From Algeria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		However, as soon as the democrats took power (151-150 B.C.), they exiled the leaders of Massinisa's party, and the other members were imprisoned.
		Those banned complained to the Aguellid, who sent his two sons, Micipsa and Gulussa, to Carthage to ask for compensation and for the liberation of his supporters.
		His emissaries were not allowed to enter the city, and thus, were forced to return.
	amazighworld.net /history/ancienthistory/amina/part5.php (574 words)

	Biographies: Jugurtha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Jugurtha became so popular among the Numidians that Micipsa, Masinissa's successor, tried to stop his influence by sending him to Spain in 134 BC to assist the Roman general Scipio Africanus the Younger in the siege of Numantia.
		Jugurtha, however,established close relations with influential Roman senators, who probably persuaded Micipsa to adopt Jugurtha in 120 BC.
		After Micipsa's death in 118 BC, Jugurtha shared the rule of Numidia with Micipsa's two sons, Hiempsal and Adherbal.
	intranet.grundel.nl /thinkquest/bio_jugurtha.html (319 words)

	Ancient Rome From the Earliest Times Down to 476 A.D By Robert F. Pennel (1890)- Chapter 23 from Nalanda Digital ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		It contained a number of flourishing towns, which were centres of a considerable commerce.
		Masinissa left this kingdom to his son Micipsa.
		Micipsa dying soon after, Jugurtha murdered one of his cousins, Hiempsal, claimed the whole kingdom, and attacked his other cousin, Adherbal, who appealed to Rome.
	www.nalanda.nitc.ac.in /resources/english/etext-project/history/ancrome/chapter23.html (889 words)

	Schola Great Books 2 Class Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Micipsa originally sent Jugurtha to fight for the Romans almost for the same reason David sent Uriah, Bathsheba’s wife, to fight the Philistines: to have him be killed in battle.
		It would have been far too risky, causing a civil war or a revolt, to have Jugurtha assassinated, so the easier way would for him to die heroically and be out of the way.
		And what’s more, fighting for the Romans gives Jugurtha the ability to convince many of the senators that he is their friend, which causes even more problems later on.
	network54.com /Forum/108878/message/1129575137/Week+Seven-+...+Summary (581 words)

	The Ants of Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Type location Cameroun (as Camponotus (Orthonotomyrmex) arminius st barbarossa, Emery, 1920c: 26, soldier, worker and queen); subspecies micipsa (Wheeler, 1922: 252, illustrated soldier and worker) and sulcatinasis (Santschi, 1926a: 21, worker) both from Zaïre (see Bolton, 1995).
		The ssp micipsa (Wheeler, 1922) was described from 3 majors (TL 9-10 mm) and one media (TL 7.5) found on firewood aboard a river boat.
		This species is evidently allied to perrisii, olivieri, bayeri, and maynei Forel, but distinct from all of them in the structure of the head, sculpture, pilosity, etc., though apparently most closely related to maynei.
	www.antbase.org /ants/africa/myrmopelta.htm (2503 words)

	Workman: Algerian Memories
		The route leads over Ain Yacout, nine kilometres from which may be visited the highly-interesting Medrasen, or, as it is commonly called, the tomb of the Numidian kings.
		Some historians say it was built by the Massinissa family, others during the reign of Micipsa.
		The same slight haze seems to envelop the history of this monument, that floats in the air when precise facts as to the Numidians are sought after.
	erc.lib.umn.edu /dynaweb/travel/workalge/@Generic__BookTextView/2111 (2256 words)

	JUGGLER (Lat. joculator, jester) - Online Information article about JUGGLER (Lat. joculator, jester) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Micipsa, naturally afraid of him, sent him to See also:
		Scipio had written to Micipsa a strong See also:
		letter of recommendation in favour of Jugurtha; and to Scipio, accordingly, Micipsa en-trusted the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /JEE_JUN/JUGGLER_Lat_joculator_jester_.html (1351 words)

	The Juguthine War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		At the time of the war the kingdom of Numidia had been a Roman ally for about nine decades.
		The war received its name from Jugurtha the nephew and later adopted son of Miscipsa, King of Numidia, who took the kingdom by force from Micipsa's two natural sons.
		Jugurtha, a capable commander serving with the Numindian troops that had been sent to firght for the Romans in Hispania, had made important Roman friends during his service with Roman military commanders.
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /WestCivI/new_page_70.htm (408 words)

	Dougga, Tunisia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Dougga is situated in the mountains inland of Tunisia, at about 550 metres above sea level, in an area that was densely populated by the Numidians.
		The city served was from the 2nd to 1st century B.C. as one of the residences of the Massyle Kings Masinissa, Micipsa and Jugurtha.
		The location was ideal, as it was fairly close to the heartland of the Carthagian country, and with the end of fighting between
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /dougga.htm (518 words)

	Eutropius: Abridgement of Roman History, Book 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		When Caius Caecilius Metellus and Cnaeus Carbo were consuls, the Metelli, two brothers, had triumphs on the same day, one for Sardinia, the other for Thrace; and news was brought to Rome, that the Cimbri had crossed from Gaul into Italy.
		In the consulship of Publius Scipio Nasica and Lucius Calpurnius Bestia, war was made upon Jugurtha, king of Numidia, because he had murdered Adherbal and Hiempsal, the sons of Micipsa, his cousins, princes, and allies of the Roman people.
		The consul Calpumius Bestia being sent against him, was corrupted by the king's money, and concluded a most ignominious treaty of peace with him, which was afterwards repudiated by the senate.
	www.forumromanum.org /literature/eutropius/trans4.html (2527 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		[6] dein Micipsa filius regnum solus obtinuit Mastanabale et Gulussa fratribus morbo absumptis.
		[2] quibus rebus Micipsa tametsi initio laetus fuerat, existimans uirtutem Iugurthae regno suo gloriae fore, tamen, postquam hominem adulescentem exacta sua aetate et paruis liberis magis magisque crescere intellegit, uehementer eo negotio permotus multa cum animo suo uoluebat.
		[2] igitur bello Numantino Micipsa, cum populo Romano equitum atque peditum auxilia mitteret, sperans uel ostentando uirtutem uel hostium saeuitia facile eum occasurum, praefecit Numidis, quos in Hispaniam mittebat.
	www.hhhh.org /perseant/libellus/texts/sallustius/iugurtha.html (18389 words)

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