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Topic: Microbiota

In the News (Sun 15 Nov 09)

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	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The assumption is that many species initially derive their microbiota from the surrounding environment such as the phylloplane of food plants or the skin of the animal host but the persistence of strains of the ingested species is unknown.
		Colonisation resistance of the locust gut microbiota was implicated in the inability of fungal entomopathogens to germinate and infect via the conventional locust gut (Dillon and Charnley, 1986ab, 1988, 1991).
		The gut microbiota is regarded as a valuable metabolic resource for insects on sub -optimal diets but apart from this, most relationships between insects and their microbiota remain undefined.
	lamar.colostate.edu /~insects/systems/digestion/plenuryrd.html (4156 words)

	Microbiology: An Introduction Online Course Companion Chapter 14 -- Study Outline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Transient microbiota are microbes that are present for various periods and then disappear.
		The normal microbiota can prevent pathogens from causing an infection; this phenomenon is known as microbial antagonism.
		Certain normal microbiota are often responsible for nosocomial infections when they are introduced into the body through such medical procedures as surgery and catheterization.
	occawlonline.pearsoned.com /bookbind/pubbooks/tfc/chapter14/custom1/deluxe-content.html (1136 words)

	Oral Microbial Ecology and the Role of Salivary Immunoglobulin A -- Marcotte and Lavoie 62 (1): 71 -- Microbiology and ...
		the transition of the oral microbiota from a commensal to a pathogenic
		the oral indigenous microbiota is a prerequisite for the elaboration
		hormone-induced alterations in the microbiota of the gingival
	mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/62/1/71 (9445 words)

	Chapter Abstracts: Probiotics and Prebiotics: Scientific Aspects
		Research on the ecology of lactobacilli naturally present within the complex gastrointestinal microbiota of humans and animals has received much less attention but is a crucial aspect of probiotic research and development.
		The intestinal microbiota is a key component of both the metabolism and immunity of humans and animals.
		The microbiota of the healthy human vagina is dominated by Lactobacillus species, which play an important role in protecting the host from urogenital infections.
	www.horizonpress.com /hsp/abs/abspro3.html (1481 words)

	Impact of commensal microbiota on murine gastrointestinal tract gene ontologies -- Mutch et al. 19 (1): 22 -- ...
		Impact of commensal microbiota on murine gastrointestinal tract gene ontologies -- Mutch et al.
		The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of eukaryotes is colonized
		the presence of microbiota are immune response and water transport.
	physiolgenomics.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/19/1/22 (5588 words)

	From The Cover: Gnotobiotic zebrafish reveal evolutionarily conserved responses to the gut microbiota -- Rawls et al. ...
		with the microbiota was manifested by the increased expression
		indicate that, as in mice, the absence of a microbiota in zebrafish
		trafficking, is up-regulated by the microbiota in the mouse
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/13/4596 (5354 words)

	Role of Antibiotics and Fungal Microbiota in Driving Pulmonary Allergic Responses -- Noverr et al. 72 (9): 4996 -- ...
		with alterations in fecal microbiota (microflora) and widespread
		Effect of antibiotic therapy and fungal microbiota increase on the host response to intranasal conidia exposure.
		Effect of antibiotic therapy and fungal microbiota increase on lung inflammation and goblet cell metaplasia in response to intranasal conidia exposure.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/72/9/4996 (5373 words)

	ISAPP Introduction to Probiotic and Prebiotics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The microbiota extend from mouth to anus and into the vaginal tract of women.
		The microbiota are involved in the healthy development of the immune system, prevention of infection from pathogenic or opportunistic microbes and maintenance of intestinal barrier function.
		To generalize, it is possible to categorize the gut microbiota components on the basis of whether they exert potentially pathogenic or health promoting aspects.
	www.isapp.net /IS_pb_intro.htm (380 words)

	Phylogeny of the Defined Murine Microbiota: Altered Schaedler Flora -- Dewhirst et al. 65 (8): 3287 -- Applied and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gnotobiotic animals colonized with known microbiota have been used to great advantage as models for biomedical research (17).
		Germfree mice and rats that are monoassociated with a bacterium or a particular microbiota are commonly used in biomedical
		The majority of the members of the gastrointestinal microbiota of mice and rats are fusiform bacteria or tapered rods and
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/65/8/3287 (4090 words)

	Molecular ecological analysis of porcine ileal microbiota responses to antimicrobial growth promoters -- Collier et al. ...
		The gastrointestinal tract of the pig harbors a dense and metabolically
		on the pig intestinal microbiota is needed to distinguish the
		Molecular ecological anlaysis of dietary and antibiotic-induced alterations of the mouse intestinal microbiota.
	jas.fass.org /cgi/content/full/81/12/3035 (4369 words)

	SSAT - 2002 Abstract: 103056 Abstract ID: 103056 Megaesophagus Microbiota - A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The bacterial overgrowth in the esophageal lumen in patients with megaesophagus can be responsible for recurring pulmonary infections, infectious complications caused by surgical or endoscopic procedures, and by the development of dysplasia of esophageal mucosa and cancer.
		In spite of this, esophageal microbiota in the megaesophagus has never been studied.
		The aim of this study was to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the microbiota in Chagasic Megaesophagus in comparison to the normal esophagus.
	www.ssat.com /cgi-bin/abstracts/02ddw/103056.cgi?affiliation= (356 words)

	Development of Allergic Airway Disease in Mice following Antibiotic Therapy and Fungal Microbiota Increase: Role of ...
		In the absence of microbiota disruption, mice exposed
		Mice were treated to disrupt the microbiota and were challenged intranasally with OVA as outlined in the experimental design (Fig.
		Role of antibiotics and fungal microbiota in driving pulmonary allergic responses.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/73/1/30 (4294 words)

	Immunology Faculty
		Increasingly, epidemiologic and clinical data support the hypothesis that perturbations in the gastrointestinal microbiota due to antibiotic use and dietary differences in “industrialized” countries have disrupted the normal microbiota-mediated mechanisms of immunological tolerance in the mucosa, leading to an increase in the incidence of allergic airway disease.
		These experimental and clinical observations are consistent with other studies demonstrating that the endogenous microbiota plays a significant role in shaping the development of the immune system.
		The mechanism of microbiota modulation of host immunity is not known; however, host and microbial oxylipins are one potential set of immunomodulatory molecules that may control mucosal tolerance.
	www.med.umich.edu /immprog/faculty/huffnagleg.htm (1058 words)

	The Effects of Traditionally Prepared Herbal Decoctions
		The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of herbal decoctions on indigenous oral microbiota.
		Additionally, the effects that antibiotics have on the indigenous microbiota of the human body are well known.
		Possibly, the phytochemicals in herbs are similar to those which would be found in our regular diet and as such would not inhibit the growth of indigenous microbes due simply to their continued exposure to such compounds.
	www.mtsu.edu /~scientia/journals/vol3/issue1/woodward.html (1979 words)

	The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage -- Bäckhed et al. 101 (44): 15718 -- ...
		with an unfractionated microbiota harvested from the distal
		the zebrafish homolog of mouse Fiaf is suppressed by the microbiota
		The microbiota acts through Fiaf to coordinate increased hepatic lipogenesis with increased LPL activity in adipocytes, thereby promoting storage of calories harvested from the diet into fat.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/44/15718 (4150 words)

	Chapter 14
		Are a part of the normal microbiota throughout life
		Microbiota begins to develop during the birthing process
		Changes in the normal microbiota- changes in relative abundance of normal microbiota may allow opportunity for a member to thrive and cause disease
	www.flc.losrios.edu /~austinb/chap_14_handout.htm (960 words)

	Microbiota decussata
		stem termini of Microbiota decussata have gracefully downturned ends, whereas stem termini of groundcover Juniperus species have upturned ends
		Microbiota from the Greek translates as "small Arborvitae", referring to its dwarf conifer habit
		Microbiota decussata is known as a radiating low shrub that functionally serves as a fine-textured prostrate woody groundcover, undergoing a foliage-color transformation in Autumn to a brown Winter color, performing admirably in full sun to partial shade in dry, wind-exposed sites.
	www.hcs.ohio-state.edu /hcs/TMI/Plantlist/mi_ssata.html (462 words)

	Gulf Ecology Division
		With the development of quantitative methods for estimating the biomass, metabolic activity, nutritional status and community structure of the estuarine detrital microbiota, and the indication of marked effects on the microbiota by amphipod grazing, a detailed examination of the effects of grazing by two sympatric amphipods was conducted.
		The microbiota, which develop on Teflon squares after a 2-wk exposure in a North Florida estuary, showed, when grazed for 2 wk, significantly increased bacterial biomass (short-branched and cis-vaccenic fatty acids) and microeukaryotes (total polyenoic fatty acids).
		Melita feed on nonphotosynthetic microeukaryotes (lowered triglyceride glycerol) leaving a larger total biomass (extractable lipid phosphate), photosynthetic biomass (lipid galactose) with greater total metabolic activity estimated as the 4-h rate of phospholipid and sulfolipid synthesis.
	www.epa.gov /ged/publica/c1536.htm (405 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Colonic Microbiota, Nutrition and Health (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In particular, the nature of the microbiota, the fermentation process, gut flora modulation through diet (probiotics, prebiotics), molecular approaches for studying the bacteria, health outcomes associated with colonic microbial function and consumer aspects are all detailed.
		Whilst it has long been realised that the gastrointestinal microbiota can affect host well-being, the full extent of this interaction is only now emerging.
		Discusses the nature of microbiota, the fermentation process, gut flora modulation through diet, molecular approaches for studying the bacteria, health outcomes and customer aspects.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0412798808 (389 words)

	Influence of normal microbiota on some aspects of the immune response during experimental infection with Trypanosoma ...
		Influence of normal microbiota on some aspects of the immune response during experimental infection with Trypanosoma cruzi in mice -- Duarte et al.
		Influence of normal microbiota on some aspects of the immune response during experimental infection with Trypanosoma cruzi in mice
		microbiota has no influence on the course of a disease.
	jmm.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/8/741 (3979 words)

	Answers - Case One
		They are viridans streptococci (the alpha-hemolytic or so-called "green" streptococci) and nonhemolytic streptococci (which include Group D streptococci and the enterococci).
		Because the individual had recently undergone a dental procedure, the organism causing the infection probably originated from the oral microbiota rather than the gut microbiota.
		The Group D streptococci and the enterococci are commonly found as part of the normal microbiota in the gut, whereas the viridans streptococci are common members of the oral microbiota.
	www.cst.cmich.edu /users/alm1ew/MMUnit1CasesAn.html (643 words)

	Orally Administered Targeted Recombinant Beta-Lactamase Prevents Ampicillin-Induced Selective Pressure on the Gut ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		of the fecal microbiota and the emergence of ampicillin-resistant
		on the intestinal microbiota (15, 20, 23, 25) and that the population
		of the gut microbiota and the level of resistance, as was demonstrated
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/48/1/75 (2912 words)

	Molecular Ecological Analysis of the Gastrointestinal Microbiota: A Review -- Zoetendal et al. 134 (2): 465 -- Journal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota of mammals is characterized
		investigation of the ileal microbiota in neonatal piglets nourished
		McCracken, V. J., Simpson, J. M., Mackie, R. & Gaskins, H. (2001) Molecular ecological analysis of dietary and antibiotic-induced alterations of the mouse intestinal microbiota.
	www.nutrition.org /cgi/content/full/134/2/465 (6295 words)

	Chapter 14
		Symbiosis is the relationship between normal microbiota and the host
		In parasitism, one organism is benefited at the expense of the other.
		Probiotics are live microbes applied to or ingested into the body, intended to exert a beneficial effect.
	www.nmc.edu /~koverbaugh/micro/Outline14.htm (816 words)

	Effect of Amoxicillin Use on Oral Microbiota in Young Children -- Ready et al. 48 (8): 2883 -- Antimicrobial Agents and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		microbiota was similar among the isolates from children with
		oral microbiota was similar in the isolates from children with
		and the proportions of the oral microbiota resistant to amoxicillin.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/48/8/2883 (2575 words)

	Normal intestinal microbiota in the aetiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis -- Toivanen 62 (9): 807 -- Annals of the ...
		Normal intestinal microbiota in the aetiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis -- Toivanen 62 (9): 807 -- Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
		Normal intestinal microbiota in the aetiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis
		the presence of arthritogenic bacteria in the intestinal microbiota.
	ard.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/62/9/807 (3134 words)

	Subgingival Microbiota of Chilean Patients With Chronic Periodontitis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Background: An association between race/ethnicity and the composition of the subgingival microbiota has been found in chronic periodontitis.
		A study was undertaken to determine the characteristics of the subgingival microbiota of chronic periodontitis in Chileans residing in Santiago.
		Each subscriber to the Journal of Periodontology is hereby granted permission of the Academy to download one copy of each article for non-commercial purposes.
	www.electronicipc.com /JournalEZ/detail.cfm?code=02250010750515&cfid=&cftoken= (388 words)

	Metabolism, Microflora Effects, and Genotoxicity in Haloacetic Acid-Treated Cultures of Rat Cecal Microbiota -- Nelson ...
		on the cecal microbiota populations was analyzed using two-way
		haloacetic acids was altered by the cecal microbiota.
		George, S. E., Chadwick, R. W., Kohan, M. J., Allison, J. C., Williams, R. W., and Chang, J. Role of the intestinal microbiota in the activation of the promutagen 2,6-dinitrotoluene to mutagenic urine metabolites and comparison of GI enzyme activities in male Fischer 344 rats.
	toxsci.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/60/2/232 (4027 words)

	Lecture Notes MCB 229. Symbioses. Microbiota.
		Microbiota are specialists, able to colonize and survive on human tissue.
		Microbes normally found in vagina may infect upper female reproductive tract (PID), but uncertain whether microbiota cause the disease or colonize after damage caused by sexually-transmitted pathogens.
		Gnotobiotic = "known microbiota"; animal host is either entirely free of microbes (aka "germfree", "axenic") or has a microbiota whose identity is completely known.
	www.sp.uconn.edu /~terry/229sp03/lectures/symbioses.html (1821 words)

	Study Guide 8. MCB 229 UConn Spring 2003
		Chapter 26 introduces "microbiota", the many microbial partners that live inside our bodies or on our body surfaces.
		The term "microbial flora" has lost favor with the microbial community (after the 3 domains revelation, any lingering suspicions that bacteria are more "plant-like" than "animal-like" has evaporated.).
		Does the microbiota of the human body change over time, or is it stable?
	www.sp.uconn.edu /~terry/229sp03/study8.html (1158 words)

	Healthy gut microflora and allergy: factors influencing development of the microbiota.
		Healthy gut microflora and allergy: factors influencing development of the microbiota.
		The efficacy of probiotics (microbial food additions) in the management of food allergy has been demonstrated, and these data suggest that also prebiotics, food components that target certain indigenous gut bacteria, can possibly be used for this purpose.
		In conclusion, the developmental pattern of the normal gut microbiota in allergic infants poses an important research avenue, as the role of the gut microflora in the mechanisms of allergy, and thereby the possible targets for efficient bacteriotherapy, are currently undetermined.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1999/dec/A99C0860.html (492 words)

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