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Topic: Microcredit

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	Microcredit
		While microcredit might be increasing the divide between the extremely poor and moderately poor, it is also identifying the differences between these two groups, and clarifying the fact that such differences exist.
		Microcredit experiences have brought to light the fact that the poorest of the poor are in a bad position to benefit from credit programs.
		Microcredit programs have also shown that the moderately poor are capable of helping themselves out of poverty given the infusion of relatively small amounts of capital.
	www.geocities.com /jasonmeade3000/Microcredit.html (5391 words)

	Microcredit
		Microcredit programs are committed to providing credit to the poorest of the poor throughout the world, the poorest 20% of the population that shares 1.4% of the world’s income.
		Microcredit is targeting women because 92% of a woman’s income will be reinvested in food, shelter and education for her family; only about 40-50% of a man’s earnings will reach his family and often as little as 10%
		Microcredit views people as clients, not beneficiaries and it seeks to provide them with the means to support themselves through dignified self-employment.
	www.rotary5340.org /foundation/microcredit.htm (387 words)

	The Hope and Hype of Microcredit - Social and Economic Policy - Global Policy Forum
		The most effective microcredit programs follow this model and are complimented by health and education classes that assist loan recipients in their small businesses, ideally slowly raising themselves out of poverty by providing capital and training.
		But a 2004 U.N. report on microcredit notes that ”populations that are geographically dispersed or have a high incidence of disease may not be suitable microfinance clients.” Areas that often have the most severe poverty, such as rural areas or countries severely affected by the AIDS epidemic would, therefore, not benefit from microcredit.
		Anne Hastings, a director of a microcredit agency in Haiti, comments on the limits of microcredit, ”We're really reaching primarily the upper half of those who are in poverty,” she says.
	www.globalpolicy.org /socecon/develop/2005/0810microcredit.htm (1001 words)

	DB Foundation Home
		Microcredit experts agree that unless Microcredit institutions achieve mainstream status by becoming profitable businesses, they will fail to reach the necessary scale to truly affect change for the world's poor.
		Deutsche Bank Microcredit Development Fund (the "Fund") was conceived as a vehicle to combine the interest, abilities, reach and resources of Deutsche Bank and its private banking clients to support the long term sustainability of Microcredit institutions.
		These loans are intended to provid e equity-like debt that will be held by the Microcredit institution on its balance sheet to assist in capitalizing loan loss reserves, or to be used as collateral as part of obtaining a loan from a local financial institution on a leveraged basis.
	www.community.db.com /htm/db_microcredit_dev_fund.html (685 words)

	Microcredit strategies for assisting neighborhood businesses
		Toward sound practices for microcredit in the US Dunford [8] argues that practices in microfinance in the U.S. are still emerging, as programs shift from models based on developing world imports to models uniquely suited to U.S. contexts.
		The most important element for success in a microcredit program is to have a clear understanding of who the target population is that you're trying to help, and what their needs are.
		Microcredit programs can be funded on a social welfare basis, promoting the individual benefits they provide, even while they help communities develop the culture and skillset needed to recreate thriving neighborhood businesses.
	www.umich.edu /~econdev/microcredit (2057 words)

	Grameen Bank - Bank for the poor
		These sets of information will tell us which category of microcredit is serving how many poor borrowers, their gender break-up, their growth during a year or a period, loans disbursed, loans outstanding, savings, etc. The categories which are doing better, more support can go in their direction.
		I urge Microcredit Summit Campaign secretariat to present the information that they already collect on number of clients, number of the poorest among them, number of poorest clients that are women, number of clients that have crossed the poverty line broken down for each of the categories of microcredit.
		General policy for microcredit in its wider sense, is bound to be devoid of focus and sharpness.
	www.grameen-info.org /bank/WhatisMicrocredit.htm (1356 words)

	Microcredit at Chronosynclastic Infundibulum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Microcredit, as the term implies, involves giving very small amounts of money as loans to the poor and unemployed who are refused loans by the established financial institutions because they are considered ‘unbankable’.
		One of the expectations of the microcredit scheme was to see the businesses created by the women to grow as their experience and income increase.
		Microcredit was designed to alleviate the poor from poverty through opportunity, but it has inadvertedly provided a platform for the poor to empower their future generations in a manner that will provide them with more opportunites than could have been possible otherwise.
	www.employees.org /~stilgar/srikanth/blog/2006/06/09/microcredit (1119 words)

	Focus on the Global South - MICROCREDIT, MACRO ISSUES by Walden Bello (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		He sketches out thedynamics of microcredit: "It emerges that the clients with the most experience got started using their own resources, and though they have not progressed very far--they cannot because the market is just too limited--they have enough turnover to keep buying and selling, and probably would have with or without the microcredit.
		In other words, microcredit is a great tool as a survival strategy, but it is not the key to development, which involves not only massive capital-intensive, state-directed investments to build industries but also an assault on the structures of inequality such as concentrated land ownership that systematically deprive the poor of resources to escape poverty.
		Microcredit schemes end up coexisting with these entrenched structures, serving as a safety net for people excluded and marginalized by them, but not transforming them.
	www.focusweb.org /microcredit-macro-issues-by-walden-bello.html (949 words)

	Microcredit Financing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Microcredit financing means simply the practice of providing small loans to the very poor people.
		A microcredit financing organization is created specifically to provide small loans to the poor and specifically to the poor women, because women are always the poorest of the poor - in every country.
		The report points out that as of today, microcredit finance is the precondition for poverty alleviation among women, but is additionally the key to those women's all-round empowerment.
	www.worldproutassembly.org /microcredit_finance_homepage.htm (1119 words)

	Christian Aid reports: Microcredit and the needs of the poor
		These centre around the tendency to imply that microcredit alone will solve the problem of poverty and a failure to fully recognise that the poor have a range of needs which also need to be addressed, and which need to be paid for.
		This is not intended as a dismissal of microcredit, but rather as a warning to be realistic, including for the sake of the success of microcredit schemes themselves.
		We believe that microcredit neither can nor should be expected to bear the costs of the full range of services that the poor both require and have a right to.
	www.christian-aid.org.uk /indepth/9702micr/microcre.htm (3460 words)

	Microcredit: A Greenstar Research Brief
		Microcredit (mI-[*]Kro'kre-dit); noun; programmes extend small loans to very poor people for self-employment projects that generate income, allowing them to care for themselves and their families.
		Microcredit --also called "microfinance" and "microlending"-- means providing small working capital loans to the self-employed poor.
		Today there are several large microcredit agencies, including the Grameen Bank, which lends to 2 million poor women in Bangladesh (http://www.grameen-info.org); ACCION, which works in North and South America (http://www.accion.org), Opprtunity International (http://www.opportunity.org) and FINCA International, which works in 14 countries (http://www.villagebanking.org).
	www.greenstar.org /microcredit (2123 words)

	Microthis, microthat
		So is her follow-up report on the microcredit summit.
		In February the first Microcredit Summit will be held in Washington, and everyone from Hillary Clinton (who has said of microcredit that it "translates to hope for women who dream of better lives.
		Microcredit fits in nicely with prevailing U.S. prejudices, since it relies on local, rather than national, programs and individual, rather than collective, approaches.
	www.leftbusinessobserver.com /Micro.html (2171 words)

	Meatball Wiki: MicroCredit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Microcredit is the child of Muhammad Yunus, a Bangladeshi economist, who began in 1976 by lending 62 cents apiece to a group of 42 artisans — thus freeing them to buy a day's materials in advance and sell the finished product to whoever they chose, at market rates.
		I've been interested in microcredit for some time as one of the better ways to break vicious cycles of poverty.
		Microcredit is often especially important for women who often face cultural barriers to gaining conventional credit.
	www.usemod.com /cgi-bin/mb.pl?MicroCredit (348 words)

	RESULTS: 2007 Microcredit Campaign
		Microcredit is the process of extending small loans and other financial and business services such as savings to very poor people, so that they can start up or expand tiny businesses, thus allowing them to care for themselves and their families.
		Microcredit programs around the world, using a variety of models, have shown that poor people achieve strong repayment records — often higher than those of conventional borrowers.
		The Microcredit Summit announced that more than 113 million clients received tiny loans last year to start or expand small businesses, 82 million of whom were among the world’s poorest people.
	www.results.org /website/article.asp?id=2097 (607 words)

	Jobs, not microcredit, is the solution
		The United Nations, having designated 2005 as the International year of Microcredit, declares on its website, "currently microentrepreneurs use loans as small as $100 to grow thriving business and, in turn, provide their families, leading to strong and flourishing local economies".
		Microcredit often yields non-economic benefits such as increasing self-esteem and social cohesion, and empowering women.
		A client of microcredit is an entrepreneur in the literal sense: she raises the capital, manages the business and is the residual claimant of the earnings.
	www.rediff.com /money/2006/nov/23guest.htm (1143 words)

	Microfinance Gateway: Site Content: Hype and Hope: The Worrisome State of the Microcredit Movement
		The UN’s 2005 "Year of Microcredit" marked the long journey of microcredit from an obscure experiment in the mid 1970s to the status of a worldwide movement.
		While much has been learned about managing microcredit in a sound manner, the number of professionally run MFIs with a realistic understanding of the limits of microcredit, is dwarfed by the growing number of newcomers to the field, many of whom trumpet success prematurely, and may cause as much harm as help.
		Microcredit hype has bred demand to have more donors focus on the field and that has created more microcredit projects and components of projects, to the point where an aid donor and a development program are not perceived as legitimate if they do not have microcredit as part of their portfolio of interventions.
	www.microfinancegateway.org /content/article/detail/31747 (2592 words)

	DEVELOPMENT: The Hope and Hype of Microcredit
		Microcredit began in the 1970s in Bangladesh when the Grameen Bank began giving small loans to those too poor to be eligible for credit from other banks.
		The most effective microcredit programs follow this model and are complimented by health and education classes that assist loan recipients in their small businesses, ideally slowly raising themselves out of poverty by providing capital and training.
		But a 2004 U.N. report on microcredit notes that ”populations that are geographically dispersed or have a high incidence of disease may not be suitable microfinance clients.” Areas that often have the most severe poverty, such as rural areas or countries severely affected by the AIDS epidemic would, therefore, not benefit from microcredit.
	www.ipsnews.net /news.asp?idnews=29851 (1142 words)

	The Microcredit Summit Campaign
		More than 2,000 delegates from over 110 countries participated at the Global Microcredit Summit 2006 on November 12-15, in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, launching the second phase of the Campaign with two new goals for 2015.
		This advocacy document, produced by the Microcredit Summit Campaign in partnership with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), calls for integrating reproductive health education and other health issues with microfinance services to enhance the impact of microcredit on the problem of global poverty and poor health.
		Microcredit Summit materials can be purchased using our order forms.
	www.microcreditsummit.org (389 words)

	A Dollar a Day :: Microcredit
		Microcredit involves loaning poor people small amounts of money (usually around $50-$150) for use as capital to start or expand small businesses, sometimes called microenterprises.
		Microcredit organizations (also called microfinance institutions or MFIs) have much lower interest rates, though they are often higher than interest rates at commercial banks, and also have very short repayment periods (every week for several months, for example, rather than every month for several years).
		Because microcredit operations are very similar to businesses (in some cases, due to the interest they receive on loans they make, MFIs such as Grameen Bank no longer take donations), questions arise about how to balance the organizations’ business aspects with their humanitarian aspects.
	library.thinkquest.org /05aug/00282/econ_credit.htm (1820 words)

	So, what is "microcredit" ?? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Microcredit is the extension of small loans to enterpreneurs too poor to qualify for traditional bank loans.
		Microcredit has been used as an 'inducer' in many other community development activities, used as an entry point in a community organizing programme and as an ingredient in larger education/training exercises.
		With sustainability and non-dependence on external resources being key to the growth of microcredit programmes, the Homepage focuses on providing pertinent and timely information in the form of strategies, tools, ideas and guides, to grassroots and intermediary organizations, and at the same time, educating the larger public on broader issues related to microfinance and microcredit.
	www.gdrc.org /icm/what-is-ms.html (349 words)

	Microcredit, Macro Problems By Walden Bello
		Likewise, not many would claim that the degree of self-sufficiency and the ability to send children to school afforded by microcredit are indicators of their graduating to middle-class prosperity.
		He sketches out the dynamics of microcredit: "It emerges that the clients with the most experience got started using their own resources, and though they have not progressed very far--they cannot because the market is just too limited--they have enough turnover to keep buying and selling, and probably would have with or without the microcredit.
		In other words, microcredit is a great tool as a survival strategy, but it is not the key to development, which involves not only massive capital-intensive, state-directed investments to build industries but also an assault on the structures of inequality such as concentrated land ownership that systematically deprive the poor of resources to escape poverty.
	www.countercurrents.org /eco-bello171006.htm (926 words)

	The Role of Microcredit in Institutional Development
		Microcredit programs become sustainable institutions when net benefits to the community exceed total costs.
		Microcredit programs must access the appropriate clientele to accomplish their mission.
		Through an understanding of comparative institutional advantages, microcredit programs can be integrated into the network of existing and evolving institutions that, together, facilitate the capacity of local communities to develop economically.
	spaef.com /IJED_PUB/v1n1_snow.html (4122 words)

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