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	Microfluidics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Microfluidics has emerged only in the 1990s and is used in the development of DNA chips, micro-propulsion, micro-thermal technologies, and lab-on-a-chip technology.
		Advances in microfluidics technology are revolutionizing molecular biology procedures for enzymatic analysis (e.g., glucose and lactate assays), DNA analysis (e.g., polymerase chain reaction and high-throughput sequencing), and proteomics.
		As microfluidic biochips evolve into multifunctional and user-reconfigurable devices, their complexity is expected to become significant due to the need for multiple and concurrent biochemical operations on the chip.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Microfluidics (1897 words)

	Digital microfluidics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Microfluidic processing is performed on unit-sized packets of fluid which are transported, stored, mixed, reacted, or analyzed in a discrete manner using a standard set of basic instructions.
		And in contrast to continuous-flow microfluidics, digital microfluidics works much the same way as traditional bench-top protocols, only with much smaller volumes and much higher automation.
		Electrowetting, dielectrophoresis, and immiscible-fluid flows are the three most commonly used principles, which have been used to generate and manipulate microdroplets in a digital microfluidic device.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Digital_microfluidics (476 words)

	A new wave of microfluidic devices - The Industrial Physicist
		Microfluidics devices, first developed in the early 1990s, were initially fabricated in silicon and glass using photolithography and etching techniques adapted from the microelectronics industry, which are precise but expensive and inflexible.
		Microfluidics’ appeal lies in the fact that the microchips require only a small amount of sample and reagent for each process—only a few tens or hundreds of nanoliters compared with the 100 ml required by existing plate assays.
		A microfluidic network with a basket-weave geometry created in a 500-µm-thick poly(dimethylsiloxane) membrane on a 2-mm grid, in which the channels are filled with an aqueous solution of fluorescein (green) or Cascade Blue and illuminated with ultraviolet light.
	www.aip.org /tip/INPHFA/vol-9/iss-4/p14.html (2806 words)

	Microfluidics Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Microfluidic systems comprising nozzles, pumps, reservoirs, mixers, valves, etc., can be used for a variety of applications including drug dispensing, ink-jet printing and general transport of liquid, gases and their mixtures.
		Abstract: This microfluidics research project had the following three main objectives: (1) to develop simple and robust hands-on technology for laboratory fabrication of microfluidic devices, (2) to observe and characterize fluid flow within microfluidic channels, and (3) to introduce the results in undergraduate student education and help prepare specialists in this emerging technology.
		To obtain tunability, microfluidic plugs incorporated into the air-channels of the microstructured optical fiber are displaced along the fiber to overlap with the mode field.
	crystal.che.ncsu.edu /microfluidics/microfluidics.html (1913 words)

	Stanford Microfluidics Laboratory
		PROFESSOR JUAN G. The applications of microfluidics are among the greatest engineering challenges of the century and include drug discovery efforts, typing of single nucleotide polymorphisms for genetically-based drug prescription, fundamental genetics research, and proteomics.
		Microfluidics is being used to develop new methods to analyze and control biochemical systems.
		The long-term goal is to enable chemical and biological discoveries, help define the role of engineers in microfluidics, and educate the future leaders in the field.
	microfluidics.stanford.edu (195 words)

	The origins and the future of microfluidics: Nature
		Having the microfluidic chip as just a small part of a system in which sample introduction and detection are much more complicated than the chip's operation may be appropriate in some circumstances, but does detract from the potential advantages of microfluidic devices.
		The fact that microfluidics has not yet lived up to its early advertising is not a surprise, and the reasons for the rate at which it has developed are both characteristic of new technologies, and suggestive of areas in which to focus work in the future.
		Microfluidics must be able to solve problems for users who are not experts in fluid physics or nanolithography, such as clinicians, cell biologists, police officers or public health officials.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v442/n7101/full/nature05058.html (4963 words)

	Journal of Nanobiotechnology \| Full text \| Microfluidics in biotechnology
		Microfluidics technology has essentially taken advantage of the inherent properties of liquids and gases at the microscale and combined this with semiconductor technology in order to build singular devices using a streamlined manufacturing process.
		Microfluidics technology has also illustrated a potential to be allied with the detection of very low numbers of DNA molecules, i.e.
		Finally, more novel uses for microfluidic technology at a cellular level include the handling of mammalian embryos [16], the manipulation of embryos and oocytes in assisted reproduction [17] and even the isolation of motile spermatozoa [18].
	www.jnanobiotechnology.com /content/2/1/2 (1883 words)

	Acrongenomics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Microfluidics refers to a set of technologies that control the flow of minute amounts of liquids or gases- typically measured in nano- and picoliters- in a miniaturized system.
		Microfluidics not only enable the very precise manipulation of minute amounts of fluids but may perform functions such as mixing, separating handling different components efficiently, rapidly and with little human intervention.
		Microfluidics, due to recent advances in fluidics, microelectronics and integrated system technologies has penetrated to a number of diverse markets including printing, industrial automation, power management systems and life sciences.
	www.acrongen.com /resource_micro.htm (507 words)

	MIFLUS - Microfluidics terminology
		The term microfluidics is used to refer in general situations in which small-size scale causes changes in fluid behavior.
		Microfluidics is the science of designing, manufacturing, and formulating devices and processes that deal with volumes of fluid on the order of nanoliters (symbolized nl and representing units of 10-9 liter) or picoliters (symbolized pl and representing units of 10-12 liter).
		One of the important issues in microfluidics is the interfacing of all the elements.
	butler.cc.tut.fi /~kuncova/MIFLUS/microfluidics_terminology.php (15100 words)

	Microfluidics Microfluidizer High Shear Fluids Processors
		Microfluidics, a division of MFIC Corporation, pioneered the Microfluidizer® high pressure fluids processor which delivers unique product capabilities, including unparalleled cell disruption rates, particle size reduction to nano-sized particles for dispersions, emulsions, liposomes, and deagglomerations.
		Microfluidizer processors are used in research and development laboratories, as well as pilot and production manufacturing operations, where scaleup on your product is guaranteed.
		The Microfluidizer high shear processor technology is widely used in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, digital ink, microelectronics, food, chemical and personal care industries.
	www.microfluidicscorp.com (126 words)

	Emerging Markets For Microfluidics Applications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This reports provides detailed analysis of the most pertinent microfluidic applications in Life Sciences technologies and of the different microfluidic technologies (glass, silicon, polymer), including a detailed analysis of the polymer manufacturing technologies.
		Microfluidics value chain, and suitable profitable business model leading to successful developments are analysed.
		Even if the attractiveness of microfluidic technology is known for having potential applications in a broad range of fields, the commercial success of microfluidic products will occur within 4 years.
	www.electronics.ca /reports/industrial/microfluidics_applications.html (622 words)

	microfluidics - a Whatis.com definition
		Microfluidics is the science of designing, manufacturing, and formulating devices and processes that deal with volumes of fluid on the order of nanoliters (symbolized nl and representing units of 10
		Microfluidics hardware requires construction and design that differs from macroscale hardware.
		The volumes involved in microfluidics can be understood by visualizing the size of a one-liter container, and then imagining cubical fractions of this container.
	whatis.techtarget.com /gDefinition/0,294236,sid44_gci526632,00.html (432 words)

	Physics Today June 2001
		Developments in microfluidic technology are also contributing to new experiments in fundamental biology, materials science, and physical chemistry.
		The first microfluidic devices, developed by Andreas Manz (now at Imperial College), Jed Harrison (now at the University of Alberta), Michael Ramsey (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), and others in the early 1990s, were fabricated in silicon and glass by conventional, planar fabrication techniques--photolithography and etching--adapted from the microelectronics industry.
		While microfluidic devices are beginning to be commercialized, there is still no standard for even the simplest components such as pumps, valves, and mixers; the field remains open for exploration.
	physicstoday.org /pt/vol-54/iss-6/p42.html (3286 words)

	Mainstreaming Microfluidics: Diffusing Microfluidics Technology in the Marketplace
		Experiments in microfluidic structures were performed with different modified plastic materials to validate the suitability for capillary electrophoresis and enzymatic assays.
		Microfluidic systems play an important role in proteomics, where the ability to control the separation of peptides at nanoscale flow rates improves the mass spectrometer's ability to detect low-abundance proteins.
		A microfluidic platform and devices for the analysis of complex samples such as whole blood and biological cell suspensions are presented.
	www.healthtech.com /2003/mfl/index.asp (3423 words)

	Fluidigm Technology - Microfluidics
		Microfluidics refers to a set of technologies to control the flow of minute amounts of liquids or gasses in a miniaturized system.
		Simply put, microfluidics describes the "plumbing" required to move very small amounts of material on a microchip.
		What is needed is a microfluidic system that is more universally applicable.
	www.fluidigm.com /tech.mfbk.htm (246 words)

	smallTalk 2003 Microfluidics Short Course
		Microfluidic chips are becoming the new paradigm for chemical processing and analysis in the laboratory.
		Microfluidics technology thus has the potential to fundamentally change our perception of the chemical and life sciences.
		Given the wide scope of interest microfluidics has generated in chemical and biochemical fields, it is anticipated that course participants will come from a variety of different scientific backgrounds.
	labautomation.org /Old/ST03/courses/microfluidics.htm (735 words)

	<Microfluidics>
		The microfluidics technologies developed by the University of Notre Dame are an example of this collaborative effort.
		In an effort to address this long delay, SMI has partnered with the Center for Microfluidics and Medical Diagnostics at the University of Notre Dame to develop integrated microfluidics platforms that may solve this problem.
		Microfluidics technologies allow for ultra-rapid concentration and detection of pathogens in the micro-scale using low voltage electrical fields.
	www.scientificmethods.com /Microfluidics.html (245 words)

	Microfluidics: Second Generation Technologies Driving Commercial Applications
		The direction of Microfluidics, a group of technologies stemming from both microelectronics and bioanalytical chemistry, is evolving.
		Microfluidics are finding commercial applications in sample processing units for microarrays or mass spectrometry, patch clamping chips for screening drug candidates with ion channel targets, cell processing units for high-content screening systems, and target-amplification units for nucleic acid assay systems.
		Systems biology people are starting to recognize that microfluidics is key to doing the kinds of highly-parallel, high-throughput assays needed to generate data to test their models and simulations.
	www.bioportfolio.com /reports/DMD_Microfluidics.htm (621 words)

	Microfluidics Technologies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		With regard to microfluidics, we've heard the most about applications in drug discovery as the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries face challenges that clearly could be in part dealt with via instrumentation that makes use of microfluidics.
		Microfluidics is an area that deals with the movement of small amounts of fluid.
		It is expected that microfluidics will revolutionize the fields of chemistry and biology in many applications, such as: proteomics and genomics research, high throughput and small sample analysis, on-site field and environmental analysis, clinical diagnostics, small-quantity syntheses and reactions, combinatorial synthesis, and on-line analysis in industrial processes.
	www.electronics.ca /reports/technology/microfluidics_technologies.html (2251 words)

	Small Times: News about MEMS, Nanotechnology and Microsystems
		Microfluidics has introduced a lab-sized model to potential customers this year, and plans to deliver production-scale units in 2005.
		Microfluidics is a wholly owned subsidiary of MFIC Corporation [OTC: MFIC], with which it is co-located.
		Microfluidics is well positioned to serve multiple markets, many clamoring for greater control of particle size during nanomaterials processing.
	www.smalltimes.com /document_display.cfm?document_id=8439 (722 words)

	Kirby Lab Microfluidics / Nanofluidics : Electrokinetic properties of surfaces
		Among the unique properties of microfluidic devices is the ability to move liquids via electroosmosis.
		Modeling and predicting the electrokinetic properties of microfluidic substrates that lead to electroosmosis is inherently difficult.
		Our work on the electrokinetic properties of microfluidic substrates includes (1) experimental characterization of interface properties, (2) chemical modification of interface properties, and (3) analytical and numerical modeling of double layer phenomena.
	www.kirbyresearch.com /index.cfm/page/rp/zeta.htm (354 words)

	Microfluidics, Labs-on-a-Chip, Microchannel Flow, Bio-Chips
		Microfluidics and Labs-on-a-Chip: Fundamental understanding of liquid flow and heat and mass transfer in microchannels is critical to the design and process control of various
		Lab-on-a-Chip, or Microfluidic devices used in biomedical diagnostics and analysis.
		Many transport processes (such as liquid flow) in microchannels in a lab-chip are dominated by the complicated electrokinetic phenomena at the micron scale.
	frontweb.vuse.vanderbilt.edu /me/faculty/dongqingli (191 words)

	Kirby Lab Microfluidics / Nanofluidics : Home
		Microfluidics typically implies flow through channels between 100 nm-100 microns in microfabricated silicon, glass, or polymer systems.
		The physics of microfluidic systems are well-described by continuum theory, but the changes in length scale make surface tension and electrokinetic effects important and inertial forces unimportant.
		A microfluidic injector for mixing and reacting approximately 500 picoliters of fluid at high pressures (70 atm) before injecting the results into a miniaturized high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system.
	www.kirbyresearch.com (326 words)

	FuturePundit: Microfluidic Pump May Work As Insulin Delivery System
		Zhong's device has significant potential in the treatment of diabetes because it is small enough to be inserted into and remain in the body where it would conduct microfluidic analysis, constantly measuring the need for insulin and, then, delivering precise amounts of insulin at the appropriate times.
		While microfluidics will provide much better methods to do drug delivery this will not be the source of the greatest benefits from microfluidics.
		Microfluidics will provide much better tools for taking apart biological systems whether the purpose is to study cancer, the aging process, or any other biological problem.
	www.futurepundit.com /archives/001364.html (697 words)

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