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Topic: Micromachinery

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	for cryonet and sci.cryonics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		END * * * This process for mass production of complicated, three dimensional structures of micrometer size is important to cryonics because inexpensive micromachinery is necessary for the development of the "nanotechnology workstation", an STM-based nanofabrication platform useful in the subsequent development of nanotechnological devices.
		Micrometer scale machine parts have vibrational frequencies at leat 1000 times higher than macroscopic parts, allowing construction of scanning probe microscopes and related devices that can operate at megahertz data rates.
		Micromachinery also has important potential applications in "conventional" medicine; scientists in Japan and elsewhere are working on "microrobots" designed to circulate in the bloodstream and relay temperature, pressure, pH and other conditions back to an external computer, in the manner of the miniaturized submarine in the movie "Fantastic Voyage".
	www.cryonet.org /cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=1122 (568 words)

	Microtechnology
		Microtechnology's most famous success is the integrated circuit.
		It has also been used to construct micromachinery[?].
		The following items have been constructed on a scale of 1 micrometre using photolithography:
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/mi/Microtechnology.html (72 words)

	MGM 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Feynman had conceived of nanomachinery as long ago as 1960, and it was still a gleam in his (and not many others') eyes when he gave his talk.
		Feynman anticipated many of the uses to which micro- and nanotechnology are being put today: photonics, microengines, micro-instrumentation, communications, robotics, and transportation (e.g., computer and micromachinery controlling fuel injection or airbag deployment).
		He was fascinated by the potential of a regime in which surface and interfacial forces are much greater than external forces upon a body--one in which adhesion, friction, and wear are deadlier than accelerations.
	www.sdsc.edu /MGM/2001review.html (2031 words)

	Nanotechnology in the News
		Part three of the series (July 17) deals with moving individual atoms around and considers the idea that useful devices could be assembled one atom at a time.
		The major part of the article is about micromachinery, which they consider the fastest growing current area of "nanotech," although they do make the distinction that this is on a much larger scale than true "molecular manufacturing".
		For the moment, they expect that the major players in developing nanotechnology will be large chipmakers and government laboratories, but they promise to keep their subscribers informed of any "small, nimble companies" getting into the game.
	www.foresight.org /News/News1.html (3122 words)

	Swarm robotics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Local communication is usually achieved by wireless transmission systems, using radio frequency or infrared communication.
		Potential application for swarm robotics include tasks that demand for extreme miniaturization (nanorobotics, microbotics), on the one hand, as for instance distributed sensing tasks in micromachinery or the human body.
		On the other hand, swarm robotics is suited to tasks that demand for extremely cheap designs, for instance a mining task, or an agricultural foraging task.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Swarm_robotics (359 words)

	Neon Twilight - Guns & Big Guns
		The advent of micromachinery in bullets allowed them to become sophisticated payload carriers able to deliver a variety of reactants, substances, nanoids, and propellants to the target.
		Aware weapons are designed with integral gyro-stabilizing micromachinery which reduces vibrations and jolts in the barrel, and helps to keep the weapon accurately aimed at the target.
		This kind of machinery is fragile and prone to breakdowns, so it is rarely used by anyone except snipers and special forces which require great accuracy.
	members.tripod.com /~kryp/guns.html (926 words)

	Chemical & Engineering News: Latest News - Getting Bacteria To Do The Work
		William O. Hancock, a bioengineer at Pennsylvania State University, calls the research "elegant." "It's a milestone along the way of proving the idea that you can have biomechanical systems powering engineered devices." He adds, "I think this work will have legs."
		Hiratsuka's results join an eclectic body of research that uses living cells to power micromachinery.
		Last year, a Harvard University group used surface chemistry to attach polystyrene beads to swimming single-celled algae.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/news/84/i36/8436notw4.html (422 words)

	Swarm robotics at AllExperts
		Local communication is usually achieved by wireless transmission systems, using radio frequency or infrared communication.
		Potential application for swarm robotics include tasks that demand for extreme miniaturization (nanorobotics, microbotics), on the one hand, as for instance distributed sensing tasks in micromachinery or the human body.
		On the other hand, swarm robotics is suited to tasks that demand for extremely cheap designs, for instance a mining task, or an agricultural foraging task.
	en.allexperts.com /e/s/sw/swarm_robotics.htm (379 words)

	Micro-Rocketry to Orbit? - Viewing a thread
		It is interesting what micromachinery is being made.
		Just the other day I was chatting with a fellow at a company that produces MEMS chip liquid cooling devices, made by diffusion bonding hundreds of leaves of 1-3 mil metal, each with their own micro cut patterns.
		The problem is micromachinery doesn't work very well with fluids.
	www.nasaspaceflight.com /forum/forums/thread-view.asp?tid=2847&start=1 (2515 words)

	NSTA - Products and Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The author tries to explain these complex ideas in ordinary language, but readers must still have a good grasp of chemistry or physics to fully comprehend his explanation.
		For example: “The van der Waals force is the bane of micromachinery...
		The average high school reader would need support to understand this explanation and other ideas in the book.
	www2.nsta.org /recommends/product.asp?id=16100 (250 words)

	Institute of Weirdness
		Originally this was a series of lectures in a class on Electrical Machinery taught by the founder at Cal Poly in San Luis Obispo and subsequently at work at the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Port Hueneme, CA.
		For example, that superconductors may make micromachinery practical through the application of the Hall Effect.
		Or that shape memory alloys may find an application as substrates for micromachinery or high-frequency integrated circuits.
	www.rain.org /~hutch/institut.html (639 words)

	L.A. Times Article about MEMS at UCLA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Micromachinery, he believed, would lead to advances such as pilot helmets' stuffed with sophisticated sensors, or less invasive medical operations using smaller tools.
		Today, the micromachinery effort at UCLA has grown to half a dozen professors and rivals the best in the country.
		Besides their Lilliputian size, what distinguishes micromachines is what they're made of--silicon, the same stuff as computer chips.
	www.icsl.ucla.edu /lwim/latimes.html (1101 words)

	ST \| CHALLENGE 3rd EDITION 1997 \| COMPUTER
		Flat panel display drivers may be based on the Company's 120V and 170V BCD process, now in pilot production.
		A "pen chip" using mixed CMOS/DMOS technology plus micromachinery is being developed for ink-jet cartridge applications.
		These and other technologies provided by ST will be found in many of the innovative computer products coming to market in the near future.
	www.us.st.com /stonline/press/magazine/challeng/3rdedit/chal8.htm (340 words)

	[No title]
		Miniaturization has been driven by the micro/nano electronic developments, micro/nano processors, micro/nano biosensors, wireless communication systems etc. Some day we'll have the means to build artificial, cell-like machines with all those capabilities.
		R.A. Freitas Jr wrote in Minsky's 1985 book Robotics: “One possibility is the concept of remote-controlled medical mites made feasible by modern micromachinery technology.
		Some medical mites would be like microminiature submarines, released inside the human body for internal sensing.
	www.nanotheranets.org /home.html (403 words)

	Miscellanous Technology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This is the secret of Pi3 Orionis; while the other colonies know about their existence they have not yet managed to get a sample.
		They are based on very advanced micromachinery, developed by the Minskians.
		The factory is seeded from a decimetre-sized cubical seed.
	cgi.student.nada.kth.se /~asa/Game/BigIdeas/technology.html (398 words)

	All aboard the nanotrain
		They describe these proteins as powering an intracellular railroad system based on the microtubule cytoskeleton, they are like "nanometre-scale engines running on nanometre-scale tracks," Stewart said.
		They want to be able to take this micromachinery out of the living cell and integrate it into micron-scale devices with moving parts powered by the cellular engines.
		The microtubule tracks Stewart pointed out are hollow tubes, 24 nanometres diameter, formed by the self-assembly of tubulin protein subunits.
	www.reactivereports.com /2/2_2.html (245 words)

	SGS-Thomson 1996 AR -
		Flat panel display drivers may be based on the Company's 120V and 170V BCD process, now in pilot production.
		A "pen chip" using mixed CMOS/DMOS technology plus micromachinery is being developed for ink-jet cartridge applications.
		These and other technologies provided by SGS-THOMSON will be found in many of the innovative computer products coming to market in the near future.
	www.st.com /stonline/company/annual/fy96/ca.htm (325 words)

	Much ado about nanotubes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		And, physicists tell us that this world of ultra-small atomic tubular structures is soon going to revolutionize our lives in the form of micromachinery
		Physicist John Pazik at the Office of Naval Research and his team of funded researchers is looking at the carbon nanotube with particular interest.
		To interview John Pazik if you are working media, please call Gail Cleere at 703-696-4987, or email cleereg@onr.navy.mil
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-04/oonr-maa042302.php (125 words)

	Physics Today March 2001
		They also manufactured other shapes for their devices, including helices and propellers.
		In the demonstration of light-powered micromachinery shown here, an optical rotor turned an interlinked cogwheel, each about 5
		In addition to providing torque to miniature devices, the rotors could be used to measure fluid properties on micron scales.
	www.aip.org /pt/vol-54/iss-3/p9.html (722 words)

	Drive Sails
		The result is extremely light-weight, disposable sails (when the beams are shut off the sail just dissolves into hydrogen) that can be made into extremely large sails.
		The only drawback is to keep them stiff enough; this is usually done by employing force-transfer particle beams and micromachinery.
		In the current era drive sails are used surprisingly widely, not just by the Backgrounders.
	www.orionsarm.com /ships/drive_sail.html (652 words)

	As Micro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		As Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology has improved, more complicated flow geometries must be analyzed at the micro-scale.
		The key difference in airflow at the micromachinery scale is understanding non-equilibrium effects.
		These are the departures from the conventional laws of aerodynamics caused by the fact that the length of the object is now on the order of the distance that air molecules travel between collisions with one another.
	www.engin.umich.edu /labs/cfd/research/NGPD/MURI/microplate/experiment/micro.htm (822 words)

	Technology Review: TR35 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Scientists had devised a few RNA-based methods for determining gene function, but they were too time-consuming to stride through a full genome, sometimes taking months to analyze a single gene.
		Echeverri helped lead a team that developed micromachinery, chemical reactions, and algorithms to automate the process and record its outcome.
		Echeverri says his team uncovered the roles of four to six genes per day.
	www.technologyreview.com /tr35/Profile.aspx?Cand=T&TRID=319 (262 words)

	MIT EECS Event (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The design concept is based on high speed rotating machinery, as are conventionally-sized engines.
		The realization of high speed rotating micromachinery enables a host of new MEMS applications, including micro-heat engines (for power production, cooling, and heat pumping), and microcompressors and pumps.
		This talk describes the physical constraints, engineering challenges, and progress to date on the microengine project.
	www.eecs.mit.edu /AY96-97/events/19.html (120 words)

	Brain aneurysm, cerebral vasospasm, arteriovenous malformation (AVM) information
		The information contained (i.e., encoded) in genes is converted through complex molecular processes known as transcription and translation into proteins.
		The micromachinery and mechanisms for this are well beyond the scope or aims of this Website, but can be found in basic genetics texts and on the Web using appropriate keyword search terms.
		DNA in the nucleus (1) is converted into mRNA (3) by complex micromachinery (2) in a process known as transcription.
	www.brain-aneurysm.com /g.html (2810 words)

	Magnetic-Sensing Microscope (GSJ of May 23, 2003)
		The magnetic-sensing microscope allows Brown researchers to watch electricity flow through the world’s tiniest components.
		They are using the device to find defects in integrated circuits and micromachinery.
		The design opens the door to wider application of magnetic-sensing technology for imaging electrical current flow.
	www.brown.edu /Administration/George_Street_Journal/vol27/27GSJ27h.html (685 words)

	MIT Physics Faculty: Robert L. Jaffe
		Jaffe and Jeffrey Goldstone (MIT) made fundamental contributions to the quantum theory of particles confined in tubes and to the distribution of baryon number in confined quark models.
		In recent years, Jaffe and collaborators have been developing analytical and computational tools for the study of quantum vacuum energies—Casimir energies—with applications to problems ranging from micromachinery to beyond the Standard Model.
		In 2003, Jaffe and Frank Wilczek (MIT) proposed a quark interpretation of the newly discovered exotic baryon resonance, and predicted the existence of other narrow, exotic baryons.
	web.mit.edu /physics/facultyandstaff/faculty/robert_jaffe.html (749 words)

	Science News for Kids: Snapshot: Algae Motors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Algae and other single-celled organisms move with the help of motor-like structures inside their cells.
		But removing the motors from cells to use them in micromachinery is tough to do.
		The Harvard scientists, instead, used the whole cells to do work.
	www.sciencenewsforkids.org /articles/20050824/Note3.asp (434 words)

	Microturbomachinery - Patent 6392313
		The invention overcomes limitations of conventional power and thermodynamic sources by with micromachinery components that enable production of significant power and efficient operation of thermodynamic systems in the millimeter and micron regime to meet the efficiency, mobility, modularity, weight, and cost requirements of many modern applications.
		The present invention overcomes limitations of conventional power and thermodynamic sources by providing micromachinery components that enable production of significant power and efficient operation of thermodynamic systems in the millimeter and micron regime to meet the efficiency, mobility, modularity, weight, and cost requirements of many modern applications.
		Accordingly, in a first aspect, the invention provides a micromachine having a rotor disk journalled for rotation in a stationary structure by a journal bearing.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6392313.html (18362 words)

	RIT - Department of Mechanical Engineering \| People \| Faculty \| Stephen Boedo
		A third research area recently started at RIT is in the area of microactuator design and the tribological characteristics of MEMS bearing systems.
		He is currently investigating the role of friction and wear on MEMS-scale micromachinery, the study of residual stresses induced from wafer deposition processes, and the effect of geometric and material parameters on the deflection of MEMS-scale thermal actuators.
		Boedo serves as the course coordinator for machine design, computer-aided design, and lubrication.
	www.rit.edu /~mecheng0/people/faculty/boedo.htm (312 words)

	Allen Orr on Michael Behe
		Orr points to Behe's mousetrap and says that since we don't need to worry about the molecular composition of the mousetrap, so we don't need to worry about the molecular composition of the heart!
		This is silly — the heart is made of cells filled with micromachinery which evolutionists need to explain; a mousetrap is not.
		Behe uses the mousetrap as an analogy to the micromachinery of the cell.
	alienryderflex.com /evolution/orr.html (1026 words)

	NanoNY \| NYSTAR Nanotech Briefing Paper \| April 12, 2004
		GRAND ISLAND - Richard Montagna of Innovative Biotechnologies International is the recipient of a $200,271 NIH grant to develop a nanomedical device for the direct detection of specific nucleic acid sequences in human pathogens.
		ROCHESTER - Stephen Boedo and William J. Grande of the Rochester Institute of Technology are the recipients of a $116,870 NSF grant for the fabrication and testing of novel compliant micro-bearing systems as a means of alleviating stiction, seizure, and high wear observed in current rotating micromachinery components.
		STONY BROOK - Stony Brook University will receive four peer-reviewed research grants for more than $1 million from the Department of Defense, including a $325,000 grant for the study of high temperature micro/nanomechanics.
	www.nanony.com /bp/04/bp040412.htm (990 words)

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