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Topic: Micropsia

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	Alice in Wonderland syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alice in Wonderland syndrome (AIWS), or micropsia, is a disorienting neurological condition which affects human visual perception.
		Micropsia can also be caused by complex partial epilepsy, and the actions of various psychoactive drugs (notably dextromethorphan).
		Micropsia does not only affect visual perception, but also one's hearing, sense of touch, and sometimes one's own body image; the syndrome continues even when the eyes are closed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Micropsia (307 words)

	Alice in Wonderland syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Alice in Wonderland syndrome (AIWS), or micropsia, is a disorienting neurological condition which affects perception by the human eye.
		There is some suggestion, unsubstantiated, that certain ingredients of cough syrup may help cause micropsia.
		Since it is known that Carroll suffered from migraines, there is some speculation that he might have written that work from direct experience.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Micropsia (304 words)

	Re: Moon on Horizon solved (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		As its name indicates, oculomotor micropsia is an illusion of "looking small" caused by changes in the activity of eye muscles.
		(It also is known as "accommodation micropsia" and "convergence micropsia.") Specifically, for an object of fixed linear size (in inches) at a fixed distance from the eyes, its constant angular size (in degrees) will look slightly smaller when the eyes are focused and converged to a distance closer than that object.
		On the other hand, the vista for the zenith moon typically offers relatively few distance-cue patterns; and, as discussed later, when distance-cues are sparse, the eyes tend to adjust to a relatively near position, known as the resting focus position, which is about 1 or 2 meters from the face.
	www.lns.cornell.edu /spr/2000-01/msg0021348.html (547 words)

	The UnMuseum - Experiment: Ponzo and the Moon
		The explanation is based on a pair of illusions known as oculomotor macropsia and oculomotor micropsia.
		Oculomotor micropsia makes objects seem to have a smaller angular size when they are close to us based on distance clues.
		Micropsia helps us instinctively make the right amount of turn when it is important to find an object quickly because it is close and might be a threat to us.
	unmuseum.mus.pa.us /exmoon.htm (900 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Alice in Wonderland syndrome (AIWS), or micropsia, is a disorientingneurological condition which affects perception by the human eye.
		Micropsia does not only affect visual perception, but also one's hearing, sense of touch, and sometimes one's own body image;the syndrome continues even when the eyes are closed.
		The disorder is named after Lewis Carroll 's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland,where the title character experiences many situations similar to those of micropsia and macropsia.
	immune-system-help.com /syndrome/condition/micropsia.html (338 words)

	Bold Type: Essay by Jonathan Lethem
		I recall lying on the cool tile floor of the bedroom I shared with my brother, long after bedtime, having intended to go into my parents' room and ask for a glass of water.
		As the astonishment passed I reflected on how the passage in the novel had at once restored the strange, milky jewel of micropsia to my possession and robbed me of it forever.
		In another sense, though, the lion and the speck had been replaced by prosaic micropsia, a symptom which is known to frighten children but is mostly harmless.
	www.randomhouse.com /boldtype/0598/lethem/essay.html (1242 words)

	Moon Illusion Explained!
		But even in the abstract for the article the oculomotor micropsia theory is not described properly (as an angular size illusion).
		The explanation he proposes for oculomotor micropsia (Enright, 1989) is similar to the perceptual adaptation explanation I have offered, but differs in some details (see Section IV).
		Briefly stated, this nearby screen induces oculomotor micropsia, so the pilot "sees" the airport runway as too far away, and may land ("crash") beyond the runway (and some have).
	facstaff.uww.edu /mccreadd/intro9.htm (5590 words)

	Story of Phil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		I was preparing to go to sleep one evening when objects in the darkened room suddenly appeared small and far away, as though I was looking through binoculars from the wrong end.
		This derealized state, called micropsia, was very persistent, even when the lights were turned on, and was accompanied by an uncanny feeling that is hard to describe.
		Micropsia is not the only form of derealization that I experience.
	www.dpselfhelp.com /andy/stories/stories/phil.html (480 words)

	Chapter 1.
		On the physiological side however, one account claims that owing to accomodative differences in the eyes’ lenses, the retinal image of the moon is actually larger when viewed at the horizon (Roscoe).
		Furthermore, McCready presents an oculomotor explanation as the major source of the V illusions that initiate the moon illusion, involving accomodation-convergence micropsia (AC-minification).
		This was suggested earlier by Enright (1975), but realising that this is not conclusive, McCready expresses the hope to elaborate on this inconclusive hypothesis sometime in the future.
	retina.anatomy.upenn.edu /~bart/scriptie.html (5823 words)

	Selective horizontal dysmetropsia following prestriate lesion -- Frassinetti et al. 122 (2): 339 -- Brain
		Abe K, Oda N, Araki R, Igata M. Macropsia, micropsia and episodic illusions in Japanese adolescents.
		Bender MB, Savitsky N. Micropsia and teleopsia limited to the temporal fields of vision.
		Frisén L, Frisén M. Micropsia and visual acuity in macular edema.
	brain.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/122/2/339 (5780 words)

	Migraine Aura Explains a Rare—and Startling—Visual Phenomenon
		One patient also reported occasional micropsia during the same attack.
		A variety of other visual disturbances have been reported by migraine patients, including metamorphopsia, micropsia, macropsia, teichopsia, distorted contours, changes in color, diplopia, polyopia, and movement of stationary objects.
		Current hypotheses about neurologic changes underlying migraine aura involve cortical spreading depression, and the visual cortex has the lowest threshold for cortical spreading depression, the researchers pointed out.
	www.neurologyreviews.com /dec99/nr_dec99_Migraine.html (375 words)

	micropsia - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "micropsia" is defined.
		micropsia : Encarta® World English Dictionary, North American Edition [home, info]
		micropsia : Terms in the field of Psychiatry and Neurology [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=micropsia&ls=all (138 words)

	Imigraine.Net B. Todd Troost, M.D.
		Altitudinal or quadrantic defects were unusual but did occur.
		Distortions of vision such as micropsia and macropsia, inversion of vision, or alterations in the perception of motion, and even elaborate hallucinations were experienced by 16 patients.
		A particularly unusual type of migraine, with recurrent attacks of impairment of time sense, body image, and visual analysis of the environment, has been termed the 'Alice in Wonderland' syndrome.
	imigraine.net /migraine/tchild.html (458 words)

	Optometric Management: CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY (CSC)
		Prognosis: Eighty percent of eyes undergo spontaneous resorption of subretinal fluid, with recovery in visual acuity within 6 months.
		Some patients may be left with a mild permanent defect, such as scotoma, decreased color sensitivity or micropsia.
		Twenty percent of patients will have one or more recurrences of the disease and complications, such as subretinal neovascularization and chronic cystoid macular edema.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3921/is_200509/ai_n15613216 (476 words)

	3/99 retins.html
		In fact, when patients who are older than 50 report such symptoms, age-related macular degeneration should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
		Patients typically present complaining of unilateral blurred vision, relative central scotomas, metamorphopsia, chromopsia, or micropsia.
		The visual acuity with the patient's customary correction can range from 20/20 to 20/200; it's typically possible to improve the visual acuity to 20/20 by adding plus sphere to the refraction.
	www.revophth.com /1999/March_articles/RPC9retins.html (1363 words)

	Why the Moon Looks Big at the Horizon and Smaller When Higher Up. - Physics Help and Math Help - Physics Forums
		Indeed, two independent researchers, J. Enright (1975, 1987b, 1989a, 1989b)) and Stanley N. Roscoe (1979 1984, 1985, 1989) have demonstrated that oculomotor micropsia occurs during viewing of the "zenith" moon, and oculomotor macropsia occurs during viewing of the "horizon" moon:
		On the other hand, the vista for the zenith moon typically offers relatively few distance-cue patterns, and when distance-cues are sparse, the eyes tend to adjust to a relatively near position, known as the resting focus position, about 1 or 2 meters from the face.
		The most common perceptions that the horizon moon either looks about the same distance away as the zenith moon or looks closer disagree with what is being 'signaled' by the distance-cue patterns responsible for the oculomotor micropsia/macropsia.
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?mode=hybrid&t=38421 (997 words)

	From the Cover: Explaining the moon illusion -- Kaufman and Kaufman 97 (1): 500 -- Proceedings of the National Academy ...
		(18) do not relate the illusion to oculomotor micropsia, they do consider the illusion to be one of
		Finally, the results of these experiments are inconsistent with theories that attribute the illusion to micropsia; they are
		McCready suggested that oculomotor micropsia occurs because the angle subtended by an object at a hypothetical egocenter,
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/97/1/500 (4879 words)

	Perception
		Oculomotor micropsia affects over 90 percent of the population.
		The size of the moon remains the same, that everyone can get a ruler to measure the visual angle.
		Use the Activity below to see a simulation of oculomotor micropsia.
	learn.ouhk.edu.hk /~mt811/activity/Perception/Perception.htm (891 words)

	The Moon Illusion Explained
		Thirdly, this article reviews the new theory that the moon illusion is an example of the less familiar, but ubiquitous, "size" illusion known as oculomotor micropsia/macropsia.
		Finally, in order to complete the theory, this article reviews an explanation for oculomotor micropsia.
		In other words, the new theory for the moon illusion is not simple: But it currently is the most satisfactory explanation.
	facstaff.uww.edu /mccreadd (323 words)

	Micropsia news and information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Explaining Oculomotor Micropsia Describing Oculomotor Micropsia Again While one is looking at an object that subtends a constant visual angle, V deg, if one then accommodates and...
		an example of the less familiar, but ubiquitous, "size" illusion known as oculomotor micropsia / macropsia.
		2005-04-02 micropsia The sensation that things are smaller, or closer, than they actually are.
	www.hotnews360.com /Micropsia-news.html (94 words)

	Alice-in-Wonderland syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The "Alice-in-Wonderland" syndrome involves distortions in body images and shapes.
		Objects either appear much larger (macropsia) or smaller (micropsia) before, during, or after a headache.
		I have also read some years ago of this syndrome also occurring in association with mononucleosis, in fact it was the first symptom.
	www.drhull.com /EncyMaster/A/Alice-in-Wonderland.html (192 words)

	Perception: ECVP 2003 abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		If the element size is held constant, there is a resulting illusion of the elements shrinking in size with field expansion.
		Macpherson (1993 Perception 22 Supplement, 121) referred to this as 'expansive micropsia'.
		The origin of this phenomenon is unclear, but one possible explanation is that it is a result of size-constancy scaling.
	www.perceptionweb.com /ecvp03/0670.html (243 words)

	BrainTalk Communities - some questions about alice in wonderland syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		"Alice in Wonderland syndrome (AIWS), or micropsia, is a disorienting neurological condition which affects perception by the human
		Occasionally, Alice in Wonderland syndrome is named as one of the first symptoms of
		, where the title character experiences many situations similar to those of micropsia and macropsia.
	brain.hastypastry.net /forums/showthread.php?t=43548 (705 words)

	Epilepsy Foundation eCommunities Forums - Micropsia (Alice in Wonderland Syndrome)
		Are any of you familiar with the seizure states known as micropsia and macropsia.
		These are visual states wherein things appear to become smaller or larger than they really are, sort of an "Alice in Wonderland" syndrome.
		I'm afraid that I've never looked for any sources of detailed info on micropsia.
	www.epilepsyfoundation.org /efforums/forum/messageview.cfm?catid=3&threadid=6851&enterthread=y (1724 words)

	eMedicine - Temporal Lobe Epilepsy : Article by David Y Ko, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		These visual illusions are unlike the visual hallucinations associated with occipital lobe seizure in that no formed elementary visual image is noted, such as the visual image of a face that may be seen with seizures arising from the fusiform or the inferior temporal gyrus.
		Things may appear shrunken (micropsia) or larger (macropsia) than usual.
		Vertigo has been described with seizures in the posterior superior temporal gyrus.
	www.emedicine.com /NEURO/topic365.htm (4843 words)

	Mind, Body, and Seizures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The seizures I have been subject to for the past several years have been most unusual, in that they are completely subjective, and consist of a variety of sensory and other experiential episodes.
		These include micropsia; what I have dubbed "macrotactility" (a distorted sense of touch such that my hands, feet and lips feel vastly larger than normal); autoscopic phenomenena (out of body experiences); feelings of telepathy; deja vu experiences; feelings of destiny; vivid, detailed memory flashes; and many others.
		They last anywhere from less than a second up to about four-five minutes or so.
	neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu /neurowebforum/EpilepsyArticles/MindBodyandSeizures.html (919 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The perceptual disturbances may include geometric forms, peripheral-field images, flashes of color, intensified colors, trailing images (images left suspende!
		path of a moving object as seen in stroboscopic photography), perceptions of entire objects, afterimages (a same-colored or complementary-colored "shadow" of an object remaining after the removal of the object), halos around objects, macropsia, and micropsia.
		The abnormal perceptions that are associated with Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder occur episodically and may be self-induced (e.g., by thinking about them) or triggered by entry into a dark environment, various drugs, anxiety or fatigue, or other stressors.
	www.maps.org /pipermail/maps_forum/attachments/20050315/2a97e2d7/attachment.htm (390 words)

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