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Topic: Middle East conflicts

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	Islamic Mediation Techniques for Middle East Conflicts
		Conflict resolution is viewed by many as a false Western panacea, a program imposed from outside and thus insensitive to indigenous problems, needs, and political processes.
		Middle East peacemaking has been a rather superficial phenomenon in the sense that diplomatic agreements have not "trickled down" to the grassroots.
		Issues such as the importance of patrilineal families; the question of ethnicity; the relevance of identity; the nature of tribal and clan solidarity; the key role of patron-client relationships; and the salience of norms concerning honor and shame need to be explored in their geographical and socio-cultural context.
	www.mediate.com /articles/mideast.cfm (508 words)

	ISLAMIC MEDIATION TECHNIQUES FOR MIDDLE EAST CONFLICTS
		Although conflict is a human universal, the nature of conflicts and the met hods of resolving conflict differ from one socio-cultural context to another.
		Conflict in Western perspectives is also viewed as having a positive dimension, acting as a catharsis to redefine relationships between individuals, groups, and nations and makes it easier to find adequate settlements or possible resolutions.
		In Middle Eastern societies, in the case of divorce, children are kept in the custody of the father.
	meria.idc.ac.il /journal/1999/issue2/jv3n2a1.html (7575 words)

	Are Middle East Conflicts More Religious? - Middle East Quarterly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		To assess whether the Middle East’s ethno-religious conflicts are particularly violent or intense, Table 3 (see page 36) measures the presence of seven factors important in ethnic conflict: political discrimination, economic discrimination, cultural discrimination, repression, an expressed desire by a minority for autonomy, political demonstrations, and rebellion (terrorism, guerrilla warfare, or armed insurrection).
		To measure this, conflicts in countries outside the Middle East are broken down into five categories (with some overlap between the categories): all autocratic states; states that are both autocratic and Muslim; states that are autocratic but not Muslim; semi-democratic states; and democratic states.
		That the issues involved in the Middle East’s ethnic conflicts are particularly religious does not bode well for conflict resolution, for such conflicts are among the most long-lasting, violent, and difficult to settle.
	www.meforum.org /article/135 (3955 words)

	IFPRI: 2020 Brief 31:Middle East Water Conflicts and Directions for Conflict Resolution
		Water conflicts are especially bitter, for example, where the climate is arid, where the riparians of regional waterways are already engaged in political confrontation, or where the population's water demand is approaching or surpassing annual supply.
		And the people who have built their lives and livelihoods on a reliable source of fresh water are seeing the shortage of this vital resource impinge on all aspects of the tenuous relations that have developed over the years between nations, between economic sectors, and between individuals and their environment.
		At the heart of water conflict management is the question of "equity." A vague and relative term in any event, criteria for equity are particularly difficult to determine in water conflicts, where international water law is ambiguous and often contradictory, and no mechanism exists to enforce agreed-upon principles.
	www.ifpri.org /2020/briefs/number31.htm (1676 words)

	eBay - middle east conflict, Games, Religions, Spirituality items on eBay.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Middle East Conflicts From 1945 to the Present
		Conflict and Peace in the Middle East by Abu-Lebdeh NEW
		Middle East conflict from October 1973 to July 1976:..
	search-desc.ebay.com /search/search.dll?query=middle+east+conflict&... (431 words)

	Middle East - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the Western world, the Middle East is generally thought of as a predominantly Arab community, although this is not necessarily true of all states in the region.
		The Middle East (specifically, the Fertile Crescent) was one of the first centers of agriculture (see history of agriculture), and therefore of civilization.
		Although geographically in the Middle East, it was founded by European immigrants from the Jewish Diaspora, is predominantly Jewish and in continuous conflict with Islamic neighbour countries.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Middle_East (1657 words)

	Powell's Visit and The Two Middle East Conflicts (by James Zogby) - Media Monitors Network
		This is, of course, especially true in the Middle East, where Powell will be confronted with the same two dilemmas the Bush Administration left in 1992: the unresolved Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the stand-off with Iraq.
		With Secretary Powell now in the Middle East, he is, no doubt, hearing the serious questions that Arab leaders and public opinion have about U.S. policies on both the Iraq and Palestinian fronts.
		And on the day Powell left to begin his Middle East tour, the State Department issued its annual human rights report, which included a sharp critique of Israel's treatment of both Palestinians and the Arab citizens of Israel.
	www.mediamonitors.net /zogby1.html (1732 words)

	Official Discusses Middle East Conflicts, Conditions
		Iran’s sponsorship of Hezbollah and its moves to gain influence in Shiia areas of Iraq and other areas of the Middle East and Persian Gulf are designed to gain time for the Iranian nuclear program, and also to increase Iranian regional power, he explained.
		He said that while the Sunni terrorist groups have not increased their levels of activity, they are looking for mergers with other groups and ways to increase their value on the global stage.
		He said he expects the Sunni groups to make a statement with an attack outside the Middle East, but that the statement also could come as an attack on oil infrastructure in the region.
	www.militaryconnection.com /news/august-2006/middle-east-conflicts.html (832 words)

	ARIJ - The Water Conflicts in the Middle East from a Palestinian Perspective (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Throughout the Middle East, the natural facts of water supply and the socio-political facts of water control, consumption and demand interplay to form a complex hydropolitical web.
		Of all the Middle East's river basins, however, it is the Jordan River that hosts the most fraught and inflammable dispute.
		Taking into consideration the present water crisis, it is essential for the Middle East states to assess the feasibility of subsidizing water for agriculture and whether such subsidy constitutes an economic burden, and a profligate use of precious water resources.
	www.arij.org /pub/wconflct (5128 words)

	Contemporary Conflicts
		Panelists discussed Arab politics, Islamism, and public perceptions of policy and culture in the Middle East and in the West.
		The pressure from Washington for forced regime change in Iraq after mid-2002, the rapid expansion of permanent American military bases in the Middle East and Central Asia, and the possibility of a long-term American military-political presence in Iraq are all widely seen by Arabs as signs of a novel American imperial adventure.
		Egyptians from all walks of life, urban and rural, educated and illiterate, rich and poor, are outraged at American policies in the region, particularly with regard to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the current Iraq crisis.
	conconflicts.ssrc.org /mideast (356 words)

	Sandstorm: Middle East Conflicts and America - by Daniel Pipes
		Old verities and structures appeared moribund; the Middle East had been altered in deep and irreversible ways; and the war's decisive end confirmed expectations that a new order in the region had dawned.
		Further, except with regard to Turkey and Israel, the only democracies in the Middle East, Washington should be wary of overextension in the region.
		We at the Middle East Council were not the only ones intrigued by Mandelbaum's argument: the PLO translated his article into Arabic and reprinted it in a bootleg edition of its own.
	www.danielpipes.org /books/sandstormchap.php (2892 words)

	Jiskha Homework Help - Social Studies: World Issues: Conflicts in the Middle East
		When thinking about the Middle East a mere five years ago, some might have thought the conflicts were heated between Israel and the Palestinians.
		Therefore due to the many conflicts in the Middle East relating to multiple incidents in the United States and other foreign countries, Middle Eastern skirmishes and battles will lead to many worldwide contradictions.
		Another issue with the Middle East that has occurred twice in the last twenty years is the Iraqi Missile Crisis.
	www.jiskha.com /social_studies/world_issues/middle_east_conflicts.html (1610 words)

	Reframing Solutions To Middle East Conflicts
		He reframed the Middle Eastern quagmire by moving out of the framework of the nation-state and by envisioning a solution that meets the security, economic and identity needs of all parties.
		His analysis and proposal are set forth in the paper, “A Middle East Union: a Two-Stage Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict." His thesis is also set out, less extensively, in a very useful new book, Obstacles to Peace: A Re-Framing of the Palestinian — Israeli Conflict, published by PalMap of GSE, (2004).
		Of particular interest is the inclusion of 14 full color, clear, reproduceable, maps illustrating the border changes over the years and the realities of the various proposals for change.
	www.mediate.com /articles/WahrhaftigP2.cfm (520 words)

	Amazon.com: Middle East Conflicts (Interlink Illustrated Histories): Books: Francois Massoulie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Middle East-a region of historic significance to the rest of the world-contains immeasurable spiritual and intellectual wealth set amid grinding poverty.
		It is a land of economic contrasts and a wide diversity of countries, experiencing a bewildering array of religious, national and social conflicts.
		Middle East Business News — Zawya.com provides live and comprehensive coverage of business and finance news and stock market data in the Middle East and North Africa.
	www.amazon.com /Middle-Conflicts-Interlink-Illustrated-Histories/dp/1566562376 (915 words)

	Awesome Library - Social_Studies
		Siegman, a Jewish Middle East expert, asserts that Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon considers the West Bank and Gaza to be disputed territory, not occupied territory.
		He assumes that the reader is an expert on the Middle East and will recognize such statements as an attempt at humor.
		Siegman, a Jewish Middle East expert, is neither pro-Israeli nor pro-Palestinian in his perspective to the conflict between Israelis and Palestinians.
	www.awesomelibrary.org /Classroom/Social_Studies/Current_Events/Middle_East.html (6442 words)

	A layman's guide to Middle East's conflicts
		The recent conflict in Lebanon was the most recent in a series of wars and battles in the region known as the Middle East.
		The Middle East is a term used to define a cluster of nations that include the Arab nations of South-West Asia, Israel and Egypt (geographically in Africa).
		The Middle East region is in news recently because of the violent conflict between Israel's military and Lebanon's Shia militia, Hezbollah.
	in.rediff.com /news/2006/aug/23spec.htm (1958 words)

	Politics
		A forum for viewpoints on recent developments that affect U.S.-Middle East policy.
		A full coverage of news concerning Israel and Lebanon conflicts by Yahoo.
		Israeli-Palestinian water conflict and the Jordan river basin.
	www.albany.edu /history/middle-east/politics.htm (373 words)

	Spain floats a new Middle East peace conference
		I know I've commented on this extensively lately but I want to ensure that readers of the site are fully absorbing the desperate cries rising from the international community concerning resolution of the ongoing Middle East conflict between Israel and her enemies.
		Many participants at the 61st session of the UN General Assembly called for a just and comprehensive peaceful solution to the conflicts in the Middle East as they addressed the general debate on Tuesday.
		The cries for a just solution to Middle East conflicts were echoed by many participants at the 61st session of the UN General Assembly on Tuesday.
	www.rapturealert.com /2006/092806justsolution.asp (1167 words)

	Middle East Studies Program
		The Minor in Middle East Studies is an interdisciplinary program aimed at a comparative study of the Middle East (including North Africa).
		The remaining courses may be chosen from either the Core Courses or the Supporting Courses; and they may be courses dealing with the ancient, medieval, or modern Middle East or a three-quarter sequence of a Middle Eastern language (in which case only four of the seven courses must be upper-division).
		HINE 116 The Middle East in the Age of European Empires (W) HINE 118 The Middle East in the 20th Century
	historyweb.ucsd.edu /middleeaststud.html (386 words)

	Army.com - News From Around The World
		She wore an American flag-patterned shirt and a “God bless America” lanyard, as she leaned against the newly dedicated Middle East Conflicts Wall Memorial to scribble an impression of a name.
		The Middle East Conflicts Wall Memorial is the culmination of the efforts of the Illinois Motorcycle Community, which raised 80 percent of the $1.5 million in donations needed to build the memorial.
		This monument is the second inspired by the conflict in Iraq but the first for all killed in Mid-east conflicts.
	www.army.com /news/articles/article_062504_02.html (1022 words)

	Middle East Information - MEIC Issues and analysis of the Middle East: Conflicts, News, History, Religions and ...
		Middle East Information - MEIC Issues and analysis of the Middle East: Conflicts, News, History, Religions and Discussions
		The Kurds are a culture spanning many nation states and face many conflicts within each in the quest to survive and gain statehood.
		Hellenes of the Middle East: The photo depicts a small Greek Region in Istanbul (Photo www.megarevma.net)...Click to Discuss.
	www.middleeastinfo.net (438 words)

	Understanding the Middle East - US News Classroom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		After all groups have had an opportunity to present, ask students, “Now that you have a better understanding of the diverse religions, economies, governments, and issues of the Middle East, what do you think the region’s greatest challenges are?” Write student responses on the flboard as they share them.
		Here is the catch: guides should be geared toward a tourist from another part of the Middle East, not the United States.
		To assess student understanding of the geography component of this lesson, have the class create a map of the Middle East based on the information they received during group presentations.
	www.usnewsclassroom.com /resources/activities/act021028.html (819 words)

	Khaleej Times Online - Chinese president calls for dialogue to settle Middle East conflicts
		RIYADH, Saudi Arabia - Chinese President Hu Jintao said on Sunday that conflicts in the Middle East should be settled politically and expressed his country’s readiness to work with Saudi Arabia and other Arab countries to bring peace and growth to the turbulent region.
		The Chinese leader, who is on a three-day trip to the kingdom, became the third head of state to address the council.
		In his address, Hu said events in the Middle East have an effect on the rest of the world.
	www.khaleejtimes.com /DisplayArticle.asp?xfile=data/middleeast/2006/April/middleeast_April601.xml§ion=middleeast&col= (419 words)

	2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		, was a military conflict in Lebanon and northern Israel, primarily between Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israeli military.
		The conflict began when Hezbollah fired Katyusha rockets and mortars at Israeli military positions and border villages, diverting attention from another Hezbollah unit that crossed the border and kidnapped two Israeli soldiers (Ehud Goldwasser and Eldad Regev) and killed three others.
		The Economist concluded that by surviving this asymmetrical military conflict with Israel, Hezbollah effectively emerged with a military and political victory from this conflict.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/2006_Israel-Lebanon_conflict (6787 words)

	History Guy: War List of Middle EasternConflicts
		For the purposes of this list, the Middle East comprises Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia.
		This conflict concluded with the Oslo Accords, which set up a timetable for Palestinian nationhood and called for the establishment of the Palestinian Authority, with PLO Chairman Yassir Arafat as President.
		Terrorist conflict between the United States and irregular forces led by Osama bin Laden.
	www.historyguy.com /list_of_wars_middle_east.html (901 words)

	Press Release: Statement by U.S. Senator Mark Dayton on Status of Middle East Conflicts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Stop opining about others' actions elsewhere in the Middle East, condemning Israel and fanning the flames there, which is counterproductive to Secretary Rice's efforts to negotiate a cease-fire there.
		It's understandable that they don't want to put their troops, their own citizens' sons and daughters, into those perilous conditions that are the creation of this Administration and the result of the failure of its ability to correct them.
		We must enlist the help of everyone in the world necessary to bring about true peace in Iraq and throughout the rest of the Middle East.
	www.senate.gov /~dayton/news/details.cfm?id=259934&& (802 words)

	BBC NEWS \| In Depth \| Israel and the Palestinians \| History of Middle East conflict
		Mr Sharon uses his victory speech to call for a government of national unity to bring peace to the Middle East.
		The Sinai Peninsula and Gaza Strip are captured from Egypt, the Golan Heights from Syria and the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan.
		Control of Jerusalem is split between Israel in the west and Jordan in the east.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/in_depth/middle_east/2000/mideast_peace_process/newsid_340000/340237.stm (1669 words)

	Blood and Water: The Elusive Search for Peace in the Middle East
		Most of the terrain of the Middle East is desert; scarce water resources cause prolific problems.
		The Israeli occupied and annexed territories such as East Jerusalem, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights are located near bodies of water.
		In the Middle East, inter-communal bitterness runs deep, and memory is long for Arabs and Israelis.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/international_trade_politics/50835 (500 words)

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