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Topic: Middleware

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	Middleware - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Middleware is now used to describe web servers, application servers, content management systems, and similar tools that support the application development and delivery process.
		Middleware is an industry buzzword that describes a piece of software that allows two or more software applications to connect together so that they can exchange data.
		Middleware is a relatively new addition to the computing landscape.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Middleware (394 words)

	Middleware FAQ
		The term middleware is used to describe a broad array of tools and data that help applications use networked resources and services.
		Middleware has emerged as a critical second level of the enterprise IT infrastructure, between the network and application levels.
		A campus must develop consensus and support for the deployment of middleware, clarify data ownership and management issues, specify relationships among individuals, groups and information technology objects, establish legal agreements, and change the way that information is managed on the campus.
	middleware.internet2.edu /overview/middleware-faq.html (926 words)

	ObjectWeb - What's Middleware
		The role of middleware is to make application development easier, by providing common programming abstractions, by masking the heterogeneity and the distribution of the underlying hardware and operating systems, and by hiding low-level programming details.
		The function of middleware is to mediate interaction between the parts of an application, or between applications.
		In addition, communication is a function provided by middleware itself to applications, in which the communicating entities may take on different roles such as client-server or peer to peer.
	middleware.objectweb.org (786 words)

	Middleware
		Middleware is connectivity software that consists of a set of enabling services that allow multiple processes running on one or more machines to interact across a network.
		Middleware is essential to migrating mainframe applications to client/server applications and to providing for communication across heterogeneous platforms.
		Middleware management services, which enable applications and system functions to be continuously monitored to ensure optimum performance of the distributed environment [Schreiber 95].
	www.sei.cmu.edu /str/descriptions/middleware_body.html (820 words)

	[No title]
		This refers to the ability to bypass the middleware and directly access the underlying infrastructure such as the operating system or network), even though they were eager to make use of middleware services and see more of it developed to support their own applications.
		Middleware and security support is also required for newer applications (e.g., proxy agents that would act on a process or application's behalf and gather the necessary certificates for access and using resources).
		Informational [Page 23] RFC 2768 A Report of a Workshop on Middleware February 2000 15.0 Java and Jini Java was chosen as an example of a heterogeneous runtime support system for the sake of discussion as to whether it could be qualified as a development language particularly suitable for the development of middleware.
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc2768.txt (9777 words)

	The rise and rise of Middleware
		But this middleware is unlikely to be provided by traditional suppliers in the way that systems and software have been created in the past.
		Today, middleware developers focus on the desktop first - for interconnecting with other desktops; only then, when this is satisfied, do they broaden their interoperability to link into conventional systems.
		Whereas traditional IT has expected to be the arbiter of middleware (middleware, after all, connects to its systems), the future is likely to be very different to that which was sought two, never mind five, years ago.
	www.middlewarespectra.com /abstracts/11_94_01.htm (1331 words)

	Introduction to wireless middleware (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Middleware can ease the process of transforming markup languages, delivering content and data, providing protocol and device recognition, incorporating and properly routing business logic through enterprise systems, and transforming data formats for compatibility with different databases.
		In mechanical transformation, the middleware functions only to transform the data format; in intelligent transformation, the middleware is aware of content type and can manipulate it to suit various device specifications.
		The latest middleware systems will allow you to support storing complete documents in XML form (or your application form) directly in the specific binary data type, which decreases the time needed to incorporate a relational structure into systems.
	www-128.ibm.com /developerworks/wireless/library/wi-midarch (2022 words)

	Internet2 Middleware Initiative
		Middleware, or "glue," is a layer of software between the network and the applications.
		MACE is working to bring about the deployment of a common middleware infrastructure to support the academic and administrative needs of the research and education community.
		Multicampus Middleware group is focused on sharing experiences with deploying middleware in multicampus academic environments.
	middleware.internet2.edu (581 words)

	Workshop on Reliable and Secure Middleware
		Middleware technologies, such as CORBA, Java, EJB and Jini, are becoming increasingly popular for building both embedded and enterprise applications.
		While middleware infrastructures exhibit attractive features (such as portability, interoperability, etc.) from an application development perspective, they are still lacking in reliability and security.
		Thus, while middleware is gaining adoption is most application domains, there is still some reluctance in deploying middleware in mission-critical systems with high dependability requirements.
	www-2.cs.cmu.edu /~priya/DOA2003/WRSM.html (467 words)

	Middleware 2004 - Home Page
		When registering, please reference the ACM Middleware 2004 Conference to be eligible for the conference rate and the free high-speed Internet.
		Following the success of the past conferences in this series in the Lake District, UK (1998), in Palisades, NY (2000), in Heidelberg, Germany (2001), and in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2003), the 5th International Middleware Conference in Toronto, Canada in 2004 aims at being the premier conference on middleware research and technology in 2004.
		Middleware 2004 - 1st set of WiP papers appear in print.
	www.eecg.toronto.edu /middleware2004 (292 words)

	MPAC workshop
		This workshop is premised on our belief that underpinning middleware mechanisms are central in weaving together the multitude of sensing, computing, communication and information technologies.
		In particular, pervasive computing middleware will allow you to take advantage of the resources in your environment to tailor your services and applications for seamless access and unrestricted mobility.
		Papers are solicited that present a view of the state of the art in a particular sub-problem area, identify specific middleware challenges, and suggest potential avenues for exploration by proposing models, abstractions and infrastructure components addressing these challenges.
	www.smartlab.cis.strath.ac.uk /MPAC (628 words)

	rpbourret.com - XML Database Products: Middleware
		Middleware is software used by data-centric applications to transfer data between XML documents and databases.
		Allora is middleware that applications call to transfer data between an XML document and a relational database.
		XMLServer is middleware for transferring data from a relational database to a set of XML documents.
	www.rpbourret.com /xml/ProdsMiddleware.htm (8659 words)

	Middleware Resource Center
		Common definition are that middleware is the "glue" between software components or between software and the network or it is the slash in Client/Server.
		This site is about those forms of middleware that are used to connect applications to other applications.
		EAI middleware mediates between applications in a number of ways, but most commonly we think in terms of the transformation and routing of data and the orchestration of business process flows.
	www.middleware.org (239 words)

	Jeremy Smith's blog: What's Middleware
		Middleware, at its most basic form, is the stuff that lets System A talk to System B. For example, if you are a staff member at Case and you decide to take some classes, so you are now a student and a staff, a new account doesn't get generated for you.
		Middleware reconciles the fact that you are the same person, just coming from two different systems (or more).
		Boiling it down, Middleware is not about developing/deploying/supporting applications; rather, it is about designing and creating general frameworks that other applications plug into and use.
	blog.case.edu /jms18/2005/01/20/whats_middleware (598 words)

	buch.de - bücher - Middleware - Daniel Serain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Middleware is a layer of software that lets business applications inter-operate, easing the problem of constructing complex applications, (which can include market places, CRM and Internet access).
		Middleware and Enterprise Application Integration is a practical introduction to the different forms of middleware (RPC, message queues, hub and spoke, CORBA and Java) and how they can be combined to produce complex architectures that are suited to business needs.
		Practitioners are faced with a multitude of technology ch o ices for middleware and integration, this work provides comprehensive discussion of the available technologies and will help in the decision making process.
	www.buch.de /buch/01838/045_middleware.html (298 words)

	What is Middleware? - - Online Features - Darwin Online for Informed Executives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Enter middleware to tie together all those apps and connect them to a Web front end, hiding the complexity from the customer.
		Putting middleware in the middle can mean each application needs only one interface—to the middleware—instead of a separate interface to each application it needs to talk to.
		Middleware can capture data and hold on to it until it has been recorded appropriately by all the applications or databases that need the information.
	www.darwinmag.com /learn/curve/column.html?ArticleID=93 (573 words)

	Middleware 2000 Home Page
		Middleware 2000 was the premier conference on distributed systems platforms and open distributed processing in the opening year of the new millenium.
		The Middleware conference series is a synthesis of the major conferences and workshops in this area into a single international event.
		Middleware 2000 was the second in this series, the first being the very successful
	www.research.ibm.com /Middleware2000 (143 words)

	Oracle Battles The Middleware
		But some potential competitors — including those who rely on middleware for their own work — think Ellison is really just battling windmills.
		Middleware has grown more sophisticated and easier to deploy in the last five years, particularly with the development of integration broker software that easily bridges the gap between legacy systems and Internet-based interfaces.
		According to Dataquest, a unit of Gartner Group, the middleware market is expected to grow from $3.8 billion in 2000 to $11 billion by 2005.
	www.washingtontechnology.com /news/16_9/business/16923-1.html (885 words)

	Gamasutra - Features - "AI Middleware: Getting into Character, Part 1 - BioGraphic Technologies' AI.implant"
		One of the reasons game developers may choose to use AI middleware is that their staff may not possess the AI expertise to develop the desired algorithms and processes.
		Also of concern is a perceived performance hit that may be realized by having to rely on the AI middleware "engine" or library routines for some processing, and the concern that the programmer might not be able to optimize this code to the performance level desired.
		And of course it's possibile that the AI middleware may not do exactly what the developer wants, and that the learning curve for implementing and integrating the AI middleware into the game might be too steep.
	www.gamasutra.com /features/20030721/dybsand_01.shtml (2654 words)

	About CS601
		Middleware is the software that functions between the client and the server.
		Middleware is exciting to design and build because enables large scale online applications that were not previously possible.
		Middleware is subject to intense engineering requirements to be able to scale well and exhibit high performance.
	classes.eclab.byu.edu /601/docs/about (211 words)

	ADL Middleware Server - Installation
		The middleware's web application directory tree (hereafter referred to as M) is self-contained and the only thing you need to do is point your servlet container at it.
		Note that the middleware services are loaded by the servlet container on demand, and thus configuration problems may not be immediately apparent.
		The middleware provides an RMI server that can be run either from within the servlet container or standalone.
	alexandria.sdc.ucsb.edu /~gjanee/middleware/doc/installation.html (477 words)

	Software Engineering and Middleware (SEM 2004)
		The goal of middleware is to provide an integration framework for multiple and potentially diverse computing platforms.
		Middleware allows developers to engineer distributed applications more easily, providing abstractions and primitives to handle distribution and coordination.
		Software Engineers are therefore challenged both in the area of development of new and scalable middleware systems, where open, heterogeneous, component-based platforms should provide richer functionality and services, and in the area of application development, where tools to simplify the use of middleware solutions are necessary.
	www.infosys.tuwien.ac.at /SEM2004 (372 words)

	Define middleware - a definition from Whatis.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In the computer industry, middleware is a general term for any programming that serves to "glue together" or mediate between two separate and often already existing programs.
		A common application of middleware is to allow programs written for access to a particular database to access other databases.
		The systematic tying together of disparate applications, often through the use of middleware, is known as enterprise application integration (EAI).
	searchwebservices.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid26_gci212571,00.html (172 words)

	The Technology - Special Report: The Integrated Enterprise - CIO Magazine May 15, 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Message-oriented middleware takes charge of relaying data from one application to another by putting that data in a message format, akin to the way e-mail works.
		With this asynchronous approach, the middleware server waits for app B to get up and running again, then hands over the data in the queue in the right sequence.
		Microsoft's middleware architecture and product plans have evolved, and so has its terminology, which is a source of some confusion for anyone who hasn't kept up carefully.
	www.cio.com /archive/051500_middle.html (2622 words)

	Borland : Application Middleware
		Borland middleware products extend the value of existing applications by harnessing their functionality and data into newer applications based on Web Services and the Microsoft®.NET Framework.
		Borland application middleware product offerings minimize risk and avoid vendor lock-in as enterprises migrate away from expensive, unwieldy implementations based on older technology stacks to newer ones based on Service-Oriented Architectures (SOAs).
		Borland application middleware products are well proven in mission-critical deployments around the world.
	www.borland.com /us/products/middleware (305 words)

	What is middleware? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The term middleware is used to describe separate products that serve as the glue between two applications.
		It is, therefore, distinct from import and export features that may be built into one of the applications.
		Middleware is sometimes called plumbing because it connects two sides of an application and passes data between them.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/m/middleware.html (291 words)

	Django \| Documentation \| Middleware
		Middleware is a framework of hooks into Django's request/response processing.
		The order of this middleware in the stack is important: middleware modules running outside of it run with commit-on-save - the default Django behavior.
		Middleware modules running inside it (coming later in the stack) will be under the same transaction control as the view functions.
	www.djangoproject.com /documentation/middleware (767 words)

	Define meaning of middleware
		Middleware is the term coined to describe software that connects other software together.
		Middleware aims to connect those individual islands of automation, both within an enterprise and out to external systems (for example at customers and suppliers).
		The emergence of industry-agreed web services specifications is now enabling convergence on standards-based distributed middleware, which in theory should allow all systems to automatically connect together on demand.
	looselycoupled.com /glossary/middleware (199 words)

	N-TIER - ARTICLES ~ Middleware
		Like client/server, Middleware is another overused buzzword, but it is critical in the development of N-Tier client/server systems.
		Middleware by definition, sits between the client and the server.
		Native database Middleware is a proprietary access mechanism for a particular database server.
	n-tier.com /articles/middle.html (451 words)

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