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	The last communist. (former Polish Prime Minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski) - National Review - HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		With his suede shoes, fashionable suits, and French haircuts, Rakowski was the answer to the ardent prayers of Western intellectuals: a liberal, sophisticated, flexible Communist.
		Michnik, who was as familiar with Communist jails as Rakowski was with the Central Committee building, lauds his erstwhile enemy as "an outstanding reformer of socialism," and says the book is important and honest.
		When Rakowski and Jaruzelski sat at the round-table with Solidarity in the spring of 1989 they never imagined that this would lead to the loss of power.
	www.highbeam.com /library/docfree.asp?DOCID=1G1:10874349&ctrlInfo=Round17:Mode17a0:DocG:Result&ao= (1773 words)

	TIME.com: Man for All Seasons -- Jan. 25, 1982 -- Page 1
		Mieczyslaw Rakowski, the Deputy Premier who has emerged as a trusted associate of General Wojciech Jaruzelski's, is one of the country's ablest and most prominent figures, yet remains one of the most enigmatic.
		The son of a Polish doctor who was shot by invading German troops in 1939, Rakowski emerged from the war a fervent Communist and, for a while, a committed Stalinist.
		Rakowski's taste for reform developed in 1956, when Wladyslaw Gomulka became head of the Polish Communist Party, promising greater freedom and economic progress.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,925225,00.html (658 words)

	1988, Jan. 30. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Prime Minister Messner offered his own and his government's resignations after Parliament endorsed a report highly critical of the government's progress in implementing the economic reform program.
		Mieczyslaw Rakowski was elected by the Parliament to be the new prime minister.
		The government announced that the Lenin Shipyard in Gdansk was to close on Dec. 1 because it was unprofitable.
	www.bartleby.com /67/3109.html (227 words)

	World Political Forum
		Mieczyslaw Rakowsky was an officer of the Polish People's Army from 1945 to 1949.
		Rakowski became Editor-in-Chief of the weekly magazine Polityka in 1958, a position he held until 1982.
		From September 1988 to August 1989, Rakowski served as the last communist Prime Minister of Poland; from August 1989 to February 1990, he was the last First Secretary of the PZPR.
	www.theworldpoliticalforum.org /a2.php?id=196 (170 words)

	[No title]
		In an interview with the BBC, he said the decision ``has nothing to do with Solidarity.'' The announcement came during an impasse in preparations for talks between representatives of Solidarity and the government, which had been promised to Walesa on Aug. 31 during the last strike at the shipyard.
		Rakowski told the BBC that ``there is no other way.
		Rakowski's government has signaled on several occasions it would move briskly to shut down money-losing enterprises that are a drain on the state.
	ils.unc.edu /~viles/172i/users/big/docs/AP881031-0113 (725 words)

	[ RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY ] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Mieczyslaw Rakowski, Poland's last communist premier, published an open letter in "Gazeta Wyborcza" on 17 February urging the ruling Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) to convene a meeting of its National Council in connection with Rywingate.
		Rakowski told PAP on 19 February that he initially planned to publish his letter in the "Trybuna" daily, which is linked to the SLD, but "Trybuna" Editor in Chief Marek Baranski refused to print it.
		Rakowski urged the SLD in his letter to "present [at the convention] the circumstances concerning every aspect of the case [Rywingate] in which its politicians are involved in whatever way." Rakowski told PAP that he wants the SLD "not to give the impression that it is on the defensive" in Rywingate.
	www.rferl.org /newsline/2003/02/3-CEE/cee-200203.asp?po=y (2485 words)

	[No title]
		Thatcher, who turned Britain away from socialism, told Premier Mieczyslaw F. Rakowski of this troubled communist nation: ``The problem is that the difficulties always come first, before the successes.'' Rakowski has pledged to revitalize Poland's economy and restructure its industry.
		State media have been calling attention to parallels between Rakowski's goals and the success of Thatcherism in Britain _ including her tackling of trade unions and paring back of outdated, state-subsidized industry.
		According to the British official, Rakowski said he was determined to revive the economy although it was ``hard to have a Marxist closing down Lenin.'' His reference was to Monday's government order to shut the Lenin shipyard in Gdansk, birthplace of the outlawed union Solidarity, for economic reasons Dec. 1.
	ils.unc.edu /~viles/172i/users/big/docs/AP881102-0212 (742 words)

	Mieczyslaw - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		MIECZYSLAW [Mieczyslaw] For Polish rulers thus named, use Mieszko.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "Mieczyslaw" at HighBeam.
		Warsaw Univ.Left:Deputy Minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski;Cent.:Archbishop Josef Glemp;R:Western Eur.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-ix-mieczysl.html (127 words)

	Untitled Document
		In February 1988, I was privileged to meet with Polish leaders in Warsaw and Gdansk, including Mieczyslaw Rakowski, Lech Walesa, Jacek Kuron, and Adam Michnik.
		Rakowski phrased some of his famous questions regarding legalization of Solidarity, addressed to party activists.
		Rakowski was chief editor of Polityka from 1958 to 1982.
	www.umich.edu /~iinet/PolishRoundTable/rtsession1.html (12358 words)

	The Market Is the New Religion
		Rakowski has just finished his speech, which is considered modern and original because it lasted only thirty minutes.
		In his press conference next day, Rakowski stressed that Poles were less concerned with a roundtable than with a table laden with goods.
		The reign of Rakowski is likely to be a continuation of the crisis.
	www.thenation.com /doc/19881226/singer (3594 words)

	solidarity
		Although the strike was settled by Deputy Premier Mieczyslaw Jagielski (pron: Myechyslav Yagyelskee), its coordinated nature and the strikers' demands were a dress rehearsal for the August strikes in Gdansk.
		Rakowski even increased tension by announcing that he would close down the Lenin Shipyard in Gdansk because it was unprofitable.
		It is most likely that Gorbachev had allowed Sakharov to attend the conference in order to show Western opinion how tolerant he was, and that the Polish government had Gorbachev's blessing to let Walesa go too, in order to show its tolerance and thus gain a better chance of obtaining Western economic aid.
	orathost.cfa.ilstu.edu /~kpereir/idscd/solidarity.html (15550 words)

	Stunning Vote Casts Poles Into Uncharted Waters
		Indeed, there were rumors, never confirmed, that Prime Minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski had tendered his resignation to the Communist leadership, but that it was refused.
		Among them are Prime Minister Rakowski and Czeslaw Kiszczak, the Interior Minister, who conducted the negotations for the Government that led to the restoration of Solidarity's legal status.
		Others are the Defense Minister, Gen. Florian Siwicki, who is also a close associate of General Jaruzelski, the former central bank chief, Wladyslaw Baka, who is among the architects of the Government economic changes, and Stanislaw Ciosek and Jozef Czyrek, two of the most change-oriented Politburo members.
	partners.nytimes.com /library/world/europe/060689poland-vote.html (1136 words)

	Poland the Round Table Agreement
		The remaining 161 seats were open to opposition and independent candidates who had obtained at least 3,000 nominating signatures.
		The agreement allowed a national slate of incumbents, including Prime Minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski, to run unopposed and be reelected with a simple majority of the ballots cast.
		But because voters exercised their option not to endorse candidates and crossed names off the ballot, only two of thirty-five unopposed national candidates received a majority.
	www.country-studies.com /poland/the-round-table-agreement.html (490 words)

	[No title]
		Rakowski, former editor of the "liberal" communist journal
		Rakowski has a vested interest (now, largely vengeful) in putting a certain "spin" on the communist crack-up; yet Szulc treats him as a privileged witness whose recollections and analyses are to be taken at face value, and indeed taken as definitive.
		On this reading of things, and as the workers' revolt at the Gdansk Shipyards in 1970 allegedly demonstrated, communism in Poland was already crumbling when the archbishop of Krakow was elected pope in October 1978.
	www.ewtn.com /library/ISSUES/BIOMIGHT.TXT (3201 words)

	The Economic Roots of the Polish Revolt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Andrze j Jednyak, Minister of Heavy and Agricultural Machinery was appointed a deputy Prime Minister, as was Mieczyslaw Rakowski editor of the weekly magazine, Polityka.
		Rakowski's appointment is especially significant because for some time he has strongly criticized the centralistic exercise of power by both party and state leaders and has supported an accelerated program of struc tural changes in the guidance and management of the economy.
		It was further announced that Mieczyslaw Jagielski, First Deputy Prime Minister, will head a special committee coordinating attempts to stabilize the economy and implement future economic plans.
	new.heritage.org /Research/Europe/bg133.cfm (6155 words)

	Tanjug international news -- April 5, 2000
		WARSAW — Poland’s one-time prime minister on Wednesday blasted the local press for whole-heartedly supporting NATO’s air strikes on Yugoslavia last spring and continuing a year later to ignore the disastrous results of the intervention.
		Veteran political and media figure Mieczyslaw Rakowski said that nearly a whole year had elapsed since the bloody intervention ended and no peace had come to the region, with Serbs still being killed in the U.N.-governed Serbian (Yugoslav) province of Kosovo-Metohija.
		Rakowski made his remarks in an article in the Trybuna newspaper, which according to him is the only Polish paper to have stood apart from the throng of supporters of the west’s allegedly humanitarian armed mission from the start.
	www.agitprop.org.au /stopnato/20000408tanju0504i.htm (746 words)

	PSC Newsletter - February '98 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Mieczyslaw Rakowski was the Prime Minister of Poland during the historic 1989 Roundtable negotiations and accords that took Poland out of communism.
		From the Solidarity throughout the martial law period he was deputy prime minister in charge of relations with the trade unions and the mass media as well as science, education and culture.
		A member of the communist party central committee from 1964 to 1990, Rakowski was one of Poland's leading journalists.
	www.indiana.edu /~polishst/news/news20/news20_2.html (5990 words)

	Rakowski - new and used books
		Cathy A. Rakowski & Tinker, Irene & Rae Lesser Blumberg -
		Cathy A. Rakowski & Tinker, Irene & Monteon, Michael & Rae Lesser Blumberg -
		Cathy A. Rakowski, Irene Tinker, Rae Lesser Blumberg -
	www.isbn.pl /A-Rakowski (827 words)

	Polish Leader in Kuwait - New York Times
		LEAD: Poland's Prime Minister, Mieczyslaw Rakowski, arrived today for a three-day visit.
		He is expected to seek financial help from Kuwait for expansion of the Gdansk refinery.
		Poland's Prime Minister, Mieczyslaw Rakowski, arrived today for a three-day visit.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE4DE173DF932A15750C0A96F948260 (69 words)

	The Michigan Daily Online
		More than 300 academics, political and religious leaders and students gathered to begin a four-day conference commemorating the historic negotiations.
		Panelists at the forum included former prime minister of Poland Mieczylaw Rakowski, former member of parliament Wieslaw Chrzanowski and Adam Michnik, one of the leading social activists who fought for Polish democracy in the 1989 discussions.
		Activist Adam Michnik confers with former Polish prime minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski and former member of Polish parliament Weislaw Chrzanowski last night at Rackham auditorium.
	www.pub.umich.edu /daily/1999/apr/04-08-99/news/news4.html (520 words)

	Poland-related Events, Mar. 98
		Mieczyslaw Rakowski was the Prime Minister of Poland during the 1989
		In the years before 1989, Rakowski was one of Poland's leading journalists.
		Rakowski not only crafted what was the most critical communist era paper in Eastern Europe but he was also involved, in his role as editor and as a specialist on German affairs, in establishing the detente between Poland and Germany in 1970 and in various attempts at liberalization within the Polish political system.
	members.aol.com /Zmudzki/1998/03 (1736 words)

	The last communist - former Polish Prime Minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski National Review - Find Articles
		The last communist - former Polish Prime Minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski National Review - Find Articles
		The last communist - former Polish Prime Minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski
		But no Oriana Fallaci camps in Rakowski's anteroom these days.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n11_v43/ai_10874349 (834 words)

	George Bush Presidential Library and Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Chairman Jaruzelski, Marshalls Kozakiewicz and Stelmachowski, Prime Minister Rakowski, and senators and delegates, on behalf of the people of the United States, I am honored to greet the newly elected representatives of the Polish Parliament.
		To be here with you on this occasion is proof that we live in extraordinary, indeed, thrilling times.
		In his opening remarks, he referred to Wojciech Jaruzelski, Chairman of the Council of State; Mikolaj Kozakiewicz, Speaker of the Lower House of the National Assembly; Andrzej Stelmachowski, Speaker of the Senate; and Prime Minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski.
	bushlibrary.tamu.edu /research/papers/1989/89071002.html (2847 words)

	Poland
		Mieszko, or Mieczyslaw, I (960-92), united the tribes of Greater or northern Poland in the late C10th.
		The economy and farm output improved slowly but a huge foreign debt remained and during 1988, industry and export were paralysed by a huge Solidarity-led strike for higher wages to cope with recent price rises.
		The government of Prime Minister Zbigniew Messner resigned and was replaced by a new administration under reform communist Mieczyslaw Rakowski.
	www.gaminggeeks.org /Resources/KateMonk/Europe-Eastern/Poland/History.htm (1838 words)

	Malta Today
		He would write an article praising the government and a week later he would run an article criticising the same opinion.
		They would say Mieczyslaw Rakowski would breathe in your ear.
		Rakowski’s readers would understand his message and would simply take his arguments and flip them round to appreciate them.
	www.maltatoday.com.mt /2005/02/27/opinion.html (1241 words)

	[No title]
		Thus, the new Hungarian Secretary General, Karoly Grosz -- who replaced Kadar as party leader in the summer of 1988 -- actually said it was only because of "bad luck" that Hungary had ended up with a one-party system (!).
		In fact, by 1988, the Hungarian Party had abandoned ideology in favor pragmatism and "reasons of state." Garton Ash also noted Rakowski's admission of October 1987 that the Polish authorities recognized the existence of the opposition.
		Indeed, in 1988, this opposition showed signs of growing vigor not only in Poland and Hungary, but also in Czechoslovakia, where thousands of people demonstrated in favor of religious freedom.
	www.ku.edu /~eceurope/communistnationssince1917/ch8.html (20176 words)

	Polish History & Culture
		Solidarity rapidly spread to other sectors leading to the most serious industrial unrest since 1981.
		Mieczyslaw Rakowski was appointed Chairman of the new Council of Ministers.
		In early 1989 the Government offered to negotiate on the contentious question of the restoration of legal status to Solidarity and, in February the 'round-table talks' on the future of Poland finally began.
	www.fortunecity.com /silverstone/studebaker/15/shorthist.html (1256 words)

	BBC News \| Communism \| Poland
		Negotiations over the balance of a coalition government ran through the summer.
		Deadlocked, Mieczyslaw Rakowski, the new Polish prime minister, telephoned Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev for advice.
		In a 40-minute conversation the Russian president tells Rakowski to give up power and join the coalition.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/static/special_report/1999/09/99/iron_curtain/timelines/poland_68.stm (238 words)

	Openness in Russia and Eastern Europe Project - Conferences
		For years, official censorship and massive propaganda campaigns have kept those most directly affected by these events from having a full accounting of them and of the roles played by various actors.
		Thus, Solidarity figures Zbigniew Bujak, Karol Modzelewski and Janusz Onyszkiewicz could confront ex-Party and government leaders Wojciech Jaruzelski, Stanislaw Kania and Mieczyslaw Rakowski about their decision to impose martial law in December 1981.
		Hungarian revolutionary Maria Wittner, who spent 14 years in prison for her role as a street fighter in 1956, was able to grill former officials from Radio Free Europe whose broadcasts arguably misled anti-regime rebel into expecting Western military help against the Red Army.
	www.gwu.edu /~nsarchiv/flashpoints/conferences.html (589 words)

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