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Mieszko the Old

Boleslaus II

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Boleslaus IV of Poland

Boleslaus the Brave

Ladislaus Herman of Poland

Mieszko I

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	Mieszko I of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The early career of Mieszko was dominated by fighting with the tribes of Wieletes and Volinians south of the Baltic Sea, and their ally, the Saxon count Wichman.
		Mieszko was baptised in 966, probably under the influence of his Christian first wife or perhaps in order to avoid confrontation with the Holy Roman Empire to the west.
		One medieval chronicle also states that Mieszko pledged allegiance to Margrave Gero, but since the chronicle itself is believed to be an abstract of another which does not mention this, it is now generally considered to be a myth.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mieszko_I_of_Poland (735 words)

	Mieszko II of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mieszko II Lambert (990 - 1034), also spelled as Miezko II, was the duke and short-term king of Poland.
		Mieszko returned soon, but this time he was forced to pledge allegiance to the German Emperor, and Poland was divided between him, his brothers Otton and Bezprym, and a mysterious Thiedric (probably nephew or cousin).
		Casimir I of Poland, son of Mieszko, was either expelled by this uprising, or the uprising was caused by expelling by aristocracy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mieszko_II_of_Poland (649 words)

	Mieszko III of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Mieszko III the Old was a duke of Greater Poland (1138-1202) and also a high-duke of all Poland (1173-1202, with interruptions), belonging to the Piast dynasty.
		Parents: Boleslaus III the Wrymounth, duke of Poland, and (Mieszko was the third son of Boleslaus, and second son of the ducal couple).
		In 1173 Mieszko was promoted to the throne of Cracow and became a high-duke of Poland (dux maximus, dux totius Poloniae), but was soon expeled from Cracow by his younger brother Casimir the Just, and from Greater Poland by his son.
	www.leessummit.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Mieszko_III_of_Poland (288 words)

	Mieszko I of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Mieszko was baptised in 966 (probably under the influence of his Christian first wife or maybe in order to avoid confrontation with the Holy Roman Empire to the west) he built a church dedicated to Saint George at Gniezno and in 968 he founded the first Polish cathedral in Poznań; dedicated to Saint Peter.
		Mieszko I had pledged allegiance to emperor Otto I the Great, to emperor Otto II and again to emperor Otto III, however there is much dispute from the Polish side over this fact - mainly whether he was vassal from whole Poland, or from part Poland (the disputed fragment is "usque Varta fluvium").
		One medieval chronicle also mentions that Mieszko pledged allegiance to margrave Gero, but since the chronicle itself is believed to be abstract of another which does not mention that fact, this is generally accepted nowaday as myth.
	www.lexington-fayette.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Mieszko_I_of_Poland (746 words)

	Encyclopedia: Mieszko II of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Mieszko II This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright.
		Casimir I on Jan Matejkos painting Casimir I, the Restorer (Polish: Kazimierz I Odnowiciel) (1015- 1058), duke of Poland, was the son of Mieszko II of Poland and Rixa von Lothringen.
		Mieszko III Stary Mieszko III the Old was a duke of Greater Poland (1138-1202) and also a high-duke of all Poland (1173-1202, with interruptions), belonging to the Piast dynasty.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Mieszko-II-of-Poland (2974 words)

	Sigismund II of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Sigismund II Augustus (1520-1572), Polish: Zygmunt II August, was the only son of Sigismund I the Old., King of Poland, whom he succeeded in 1548, and Bona Sforza.
		A far less imposing figure than his father, the elegant and refined Sigismund II was nevertheless an even greater statesman than the stern and majestic Sigismund I.
		Sigismund II died at his beloved Knyszyn on July 6, 1572, at the age of 52.
	www.bucyrus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Sigismund_II_of_Poland (849 words)

	Augustus II of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Augustus II, nicknamed "the Strong" (May 12, 1670–February 1, 1733; (Polish: August II Mocny; German: August II der Starke) was Elector of Saxony (where he was known as Frederick Augustus I) from 1694 to 1733 and King of Poland from 1697 to 1704 and again from 1709 to 1733.
		Although he was unsuccessful in his attempt to make the Polish kingdom hereditary, his eldest son, Frederick Augustus II of Saxony, followed him as King of Poland as Augustus III, although he had to be installed by a Russian army in the War of the Polish Succession.
		Although this figure would be extremely difficult to verify, Augustus II did father a very large number of illegitimate children, the most famous of whom was Maurice, comte de Saxe (his son by), the brilliant French military commander.
	www.secaucus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Augustus_II_of_Poland (892 words)

	Raul N. Longoria's Genealogy Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Boleslaw III Wrymouth of Poland (Duke of Poland) was born in 1084.
		Parents: Mieszko II Lambert of Poland (KING OF POLAND) and Richeza of Palatine (Countess Palatine).
		Children were: Leonor of Castile, Miguel of Portugal (Infante de Portugal), Leonora of Aragon, Maria of Aragon, Alfonso V, John II of Aragon (KING OF ARAGON and NAVARRO), Enrique of Aragon (Duke of Villena), Pietro di Noto (Duke of Noto), Sancho of Aragon.
	www.raullongoria.net /Genealogy/FamilyTree/d2.html (1642 words)

	Boleslaus I of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Bolesław I Chrobry ('Boleslaus the Brave') (966/967 - 1025) of the Piast family, son of Mieszko I and of his first wife, the Czech princess Dobrawa, ruled as duke of Poland from 992 to 1025 and reigned as King of Poland in 1025.
		The emperor Henry II obliged Boleslaus to give a pledge of allegiance again for the lands he held in fief.
		The son of Boleslaus, Mieszko II crowned himself immediately after his father's death.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Boleslaus_I_of_Poland (624 words)

	The Rulers of Poland
		Mieszko was baptized in 966, bringing Poland into the sphere of European Christian civilization and established relations with the greatest powers of that period, the papacy and the empire.
		Mieszko II became king under the will of his father, Boleslaw the Brave, who also arranged his marriage to Rycheza of Lorraine, the emperor Otto III's niece, in 1013.
		The resignment resulted in the outburst of fighting for the princely throne, the death of Mieszko II, a rebellion of magnates and pagan subjects and destruction of the Church organization.
	home.no.net /bhb2/pl-h01e.htm (838 words)

	Polish History - Part 1
		In 966, Mieszko was baptized, thus placing the Polish state in the political system of Central Europe and determining the European and Christian road of development of the Polish state and society.
		Thanks to the decision of Mieszko I, Poland was provided with the foundations of her development and participation in the commonwealth of the states and nations of Europe.
		Boleslaus II's brother and successor, Ladislaus Herman, settled for the title of prince and acknowledged a loose dependence on the Empire.
	www.poloniatoday.com /history1.htm (1373 words)

	Casimir IV of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Casimir IV the Jagiellonian (Polish: Kazimierz Jagiellończyk, Lithuanian Kazimieras Jogailaitis) (1427 - 1492), of the House of Jagiello was grand duke of Lithuania from 1440 and king of Poland from 1447 until his death.
		The son of king Wladislaus II Jagiełło and younger brother to Wladislaus III, Casimir succeeded the latter after a three-year interregnum.
		He married in 1454 Elisabeth (1438-1505), the daughter of Albert II of Habsburg, the previous Holy Roman Emperor, and his wife Elisabeth of Luxembourg, heiress of Bohemia.
	www.hackettstown.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Casimir_IV_of_Poland (434 words)

	The Great Dynasties (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Mieszko’s move was an astute political one since it opened access (particularly through the German clergy that now came to Poland) to the military knowledge and political systems of the West (which he made full use of by entering into marriage alliances with the great families of the Empire).
		Mieszko entered into a number of dynastic alliances including ones with Hungary, Kiev and Scandinavia, aiding his son-in-law, Sweyn Forkbeard, King of Denmark, to reconquer his kingdom of England; his grandson was Canute the Great.
		Mieszko III’s son, Wladyslaw III Laskonogi (Longshanks) of Wielkopolska, ruled 1202; Leszek Bialy (the White) of Sandomierz, ruled 1202 - 1227, whose intervention in the politics of Ruthenia (in 1205), alongside his brother, Konrad of Mazovia (b.
	www.kasprzyk.demon.co.uk /www/GreatDynasties.html (7091 words)

	List of Polish rulers - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Mieszko III the Old (Mieszko Stary) and Leszek Biały (1194–1202) (Leszek Biały)
		Henry II the Pious (1238–1241) Henryk II Pobożny
		Wenceslaus II of Bohemia (1291–1305) King of Poland 1300–1305
	www.secaucus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/List_of_Polish_rulers (409 words)

	people (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The rule of Mieszko I (?-992) and his son Boleslaw, nicknamed 'Chrobry' (the Brave), marks the period of uniting Polish tribes and the creation of a modern state, not only strong internally, but also actively participating in European politics.
		The wars skillfully managed by Mieszko and Boleslaw earned Poland not only new territories (the Czerwien Region/Grody Czerwienskie and, temporarily, Moravia and Lusatia), but also the position of a strong country, one that is dangerous to any potential opponent (the German emperor included).
		When Mieszko II (son of Boleslaw I) assumed the throne, Poland was already a vast country, with efficient administration and a well-developed Church structure (archbishopric in Gniezno, bishoprics in Krakow, Poznan, Wroclaw, Kolobrzeg).
	home.btclick.com /polishembassy/info/history_in_brief/history_midages.html (776 words)

	Mieszko II of Poland -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Mieszko II Lambert, also spelled as Miezko II, was the duke and short-term king of (A republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II) Poland ((Click link for more info and facts about 990) 990 - 1034).
		He allied with (A republic in central Europe) Hungary, resulting for a while in the Hungarian occupation of (The capital and largest city of Austria; located on the Danube in northeastern Austria; was the home of Beethoven and Brahms and Haydn and Mozart and Schubert and Strauss) Vienna.
		This war probably was because of family connections of Mieszko in opposition against emperor (Click link for more info and facts about Conrad II) Conrad II in Germany.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/mi/mieszko_ii_of_poland1.htm (914 words)

	Articles - Mieszko III of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Mieszko III the Old (Polish: Mieszko III Stary) was a duke of Greater Poland (1138-1202) and also a high-duke of all Poland (1173-1202, with interruptions), belonging to the Piast dynasty.
		Parents: Boleslaus III the Wrymounth, duke of Poland, and Salome of Berg (Mieszko was the third son of Boleslaus, and second son of the ducal couple).
		According to the statute of the Polish duke Boleslaus III the Wrymouth Poland was divided into the 4-5 hereditary provinces distributed among his sons, and a royal province of Kraków for the eldest to be the high-duke of all Poland.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Mieszko_III_of_Poland?mySession=89761f875524bcc8dd96ab5b2ab77747 (357 words)

	Stanislaus I Leszczynski of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In 1697, as cupbearer of Poland, he signed the confirmation of the articles of election of Augustus II.
		In 1703 he joined the Lithuanian Confederacy, which the Sapiehas with the aid of Swedish gold had formed against Augustus, and in the following year was selected by Charles XII of Sweden to supersede Augustus.
		His son-in-law supported his claims to the Polish throne after the death of Augustus II in 1733, which led to the War of the Polish Succession.
	www.bonneylake.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Stanislaus_I_of_Poland (787 words)

	Notes on Poland -- Part 1
		Saxon Wichman allies with Radarians and wars with Mieszko I. Mieszko was invading west Pomerania, Wichman was a relative of Gero and German/Saxon rebel sent to sic the Radarians on Mieszko, keeping Wichman out of Germany, and the Radarians off of Gero while he finishes off the Lusatians.
		Mieszko marries Oda, daughter of Dietrich, Margrave of the Nordmark as part of deal.
		Boleslav II uses Imperial truce declared for Obodrite campaign, and absence of Sobeslaw to conquer principality of Libice.
	slavic.freeservers.com /Poland1.html (2910 words)

	COON-KUHN - STEADMAN Connections
		FERNANDO II KING OF LEON was born in 1145 in Spain.
		MIESZKO II KING OF POLAND died in 1034.
		MALCOLM II KING OF SCOTLAND was born on 5 Oct 958 in Scotland.
	fp.enter.net /~mkuhn/b194.htm (1145 words)

	Stephen Bathory, King of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Báthory succeeded John II Zapolya as Prince of Transylvania and held this position from 1571-75, giving it to his older brother Christopher Bathory (1530-81) afterwards.
		In 1575 he was elected a King of Poland and ruled Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as Stefan Batory.
		The Hanse city of Gdańsk (German:Danzig) had backed Emperor Maximilian II in his attempt to become King of Poland.
	www.americancanyon.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Stefan_Batory (493 words)

	John II Casimir Of Poland Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		John II Casimir Vasa (Polish: Jan II Kazimierz Waza, March 22, 1609 - December 6, 1672), King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Duke of Opole in Silesia.
		John Casimir was thus the nephew of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor.
		In 1660 John Casimir II was forced to renounce his claims to the Swedish throne and acknowledge Swedish sovereignty over Livonia and city of Riga.
	popularityguide.com /encyclopedia/John_II_Casimir_of_Poland (1207 words)

	Notes on Poland -- Part 2
		Mieszko II succeeds, even though second son, at Chrobry's wish.
		Mieszko II is friendly, or actually allied to all three.
		Mieszko fights for a month and flees to Bohemia (Oldrich is angry with Conrad).
	slavic.freeservers.com /Poland2.html (2619 words)

	Mieszko II
		Mieszko II Mieszko II or Mieczyslaw II,990–1034, king of Poland (1025–34), son and successor of Boleslaus I. His reign was marked by internal and external strife.
		Casimir I - Casimir I, c.1015–1058, duke of Poland (c.1040–1058), son of Mieszko II.
		The contribution of post-World War II schools in Poland in forging a negative image of the Germans.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0833118.html (207 words)

	Gallery
		Mieszko III (†1202; the tomb which was situated in the old church hasn't been preserved.
		The original slab from the tomb of Mieszko III from the old church is to be found in the local museum in Kalisz)
		Henry II the Pious (†1241; the sarcophagus is kept at the National Museum in Wroclaw)
	homepage.mac.com /crowns/pl/avgal.html (1609 words)

	AllRefer.com - Piast (Polish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The first historic member, Duke Mieszko I (reigned 962–92), began the unification of Poland and introduced Christianity.
		His successors were Mieszko II (reigned 1025–34), Casimir I (reigned c.1040–1058), Boleslaus II (reigned 1058–79), Ladislaus Herman (reigned 1079–1102), and Boleslaus III (reigned 1102–38).
		However, Casimir II (who, probably a posthumous child, was left out of Boleslaus's will) united Mazovia and Sandomierz under his power, was made duke at KrakOw in 1177, and secured (1180) for his descendants the hereditary right to the kingship.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/Piast.html (425 words)

	International Disintegration and Foreign Penetration
		Under Boleslaw II she was again occupying a leading position in East Central Europe, and she at least temporarily exercised a decisive influence upon the political situation of the neighboring countries, including Kiev.
		Mieszko, limited to Greater Poland, although until his death in 1202 he time and again tried to recover Cracow, was a defender of a strong monarchical power and for that very reason unpopular among the clergy and the knighthood, both of which were growing in influence.
		Along with Serbia she was also threatened from the north because Hungary, after participating under King Andrew II in the Fifth Crusade (1217), became more and more interested in the Balkans and in the possibility of expansion on formerly Byzantine territory, now cut up among smaller states.
	victorian.fortunecity.com /wooton/34/halecki/5.htm (8351 words)

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