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Topic: Mikhail Botvinnik

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	Mikhail Botvinnik was born
		Botvinnik was born on August, 17, 1911 in the settlement Repino, former Kuokkala, now Leningrad region.
		Botvinnik is the sixth champion in the chess history and the first Soviet world champion (1948 - 57, 1958 - 1960, 1961 - 63).
		Since 1930ss Botvinnik - is the leader of Soviet chess players: victories in the championship of USSR (1939), in the match with V. Ragozin (1940), at the International tournament for a title of the absolute champion of USSR (1941).
	chessdate.com /?cd=date&id=148 (349 words)

	Misha in his Prime (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Mikhail Tal won the World Chess Championship at the age of 24 in 1960, in a chess era that had been dominated by the scientific methods of his opponent, Dr.
		Mikhail Tal was known as the Sorcerer, the Calculating Machine, and the Magician of Riga.
		In poor health, Mikhail Tal lost his title in a rematch on year later, and in the 1962 Candidates tournament, he was hospitalized due to kidney problems.
	ic.net /~jnbohr/chess/MikhailTal.html (394 words)

	Botvinnik - MSN Encarta
		Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik (pronounced [mʲixaˈiɫ̺ mʌiˈs̺ʲɛjɛvʲiʧʲ bʌt̺ˈvʲin̺n̻ʲik] ; Russian : Михаи́л Моисе́евич Ботви́нник...
		In 1927 Botvinnik won the title of chess master in the Soviet Union.
		Participation in other matches established Botvinnik as one of the leading contenders for the world championship title, held by the Russian chess champion Alexander Alekhine.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761555476/Botvinnik.html (172 words)

	BOTVINNIK, Mikhail Moiseyevich
		Mikhail Gorbachev speaks to press upon arrival in U.S. Audio 3:56 min - In December 1988, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev traveled to the United States to speak at the United Nations and meet with outgoing President Ronald.
		In December 1988, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev traveled to the United States to speak at the United Nations and meet with outgoing President Ronald.
		On this day in 1991, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev is placed under house arrest during a coup by high-ranking members of his own government, military.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=203491 (516 words)

	Mikhail Tal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Mikhail Nekhemievich Tal (born Mihails Tals) was born in Riga, Latvia on November 9, 1936.
		In 1953 Mikhail won the championship of Latvia at age 16 and became a master.
		Mikhail Tal died of kidney failure in Moscow on June 28, 1992 at the age of 55.
	members.tripod.com /HSK_Chess/tal.html (988 words)

	[No title]
		The Keres-Botvinnik Case: A Survey of the Evidence by Taylor Kingston Part II The case of Paul Keres and Mikhail Botvinnik is a chess equivalent of the John F. Kennedy assassination: an unsolved historical mystery full of dark implications, about which conflicting opinions and theories abound.
		Botvinnik for the Defense Since Mikhail Botvinnik is, in a sense, the accused here, fairness requires that he be allowed to speak.
		He further stated that Botvinnik, while he lived, was extremely concerned about his posthumous image (note: Vukcevic also mentioned this), and that some in Russia who might have spoken against Botvinnik have to date held their tongues due to fear of reprisal from Botvinnik's friends and heirs.
	www.chesscafe.com /text/kb2.txt (3302 words)

	Mikhail Botvinnik - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Botvinnik's autobiography, K Dostizheniyu Tseli, was published in Russian in 1978, and in English translation as Achieving the Aim (ISBN 0-08-024120-4) in 1981.
		Mikhail Botvinnik vs José Raúl Capablanca, AVRO-Netherlands 1938, Nimzo-Indian, 4.e3 (E40), 1-0 A far-sighted strategy of central attack peaks in a beautiful Bishop sacrifice.
		Mikhail Botvinnik vs Mikhail Tal, 7th game of the WCh match 1961, Nimzo-Indian, Samisch (E24), 1-0 Botvinnik playing in the Tal style against Tal himself.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik (952 words)

	NYCHESSKIDS: Mikhail Botvinnik
		Botvinnik was the first player to rise to prominence under the former Soviet system (as distinct from Russian).
		By age 15 he was one of the strongest players in the USSR, and by age 19 he had won the national title.
		Botvinnik lost the title to countrymen in 1957, 60, and 63.
	www.nychesskids.com /files/Botvinnik.htm (210 words)

	Encyclopedia
		Participation in other matches established Botvinnik as one of the leading contenders for the world championship title, held by the Russian chess champion Alexander Alekhine.
		Mikhail Gorbachev speaks to press upon arrival in U.S. Audio 3:56 min - In December 1988, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev traveled to the United States to speak at the United Nations and meet with outgoing President Ronald.
		In December 1988, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev traveled to the United States to speak at the United Nations and meet with outgoing President Ronald.
	history.com /encyclopedia.do?vendorId=FWNE.fw..bo147000.a#FWNE.fw..b... (444 words)

	Mikhail Tal - Chesspedia, the free chess encyclopedia Pushedpawn.org
		Mikhail Nekhemievich Tal (Latvian: Mihails Tāls, Russian: Михаил Нехемьевич Таль) (November 9, 1936 - June 28, 1992), born in Riga, Latvia, was the eighth World Chess Champion.
		In 1960, at the age of 24, Tal defeated the relatively staid and strategic Mikhail Botvinnik in a World Championship match, making him the youngest ever world champion (a record later broken by Garry Kasparov, who earned the title at 22).
		Botvinnik won the return match against Tal in 1961 after a lengthy study of Tal's style.
	pushedpawn.org /test6/Mikhail_Tal.htm (747 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Botvinnik was introduced to the game of chess at the age of 12.
		Botvinnik's successes in national and international tournaments before WWII earned him the recognition of the world's greatest chess players.
		Mikhail was the winner of the 1931 Soviet title, losing it only once in 20 years.
	www.jewsinsports.org /profile.asp?sport=chess&ID=4 (253 words)

	Mikhail Botvinnik, Chess Champion and Teacher of Champions, Dies at 83 - New York Times
		Mikhail M. Botvinnik, the dogged Russian grandmaster who reigned as world chess champion during most of the 1950's and then spent the next three decades passing on his scientific approach as a celebrated teacher, author and computer theorist, died on Friday at his home in Moscow.
		Botvinnik appeared to be an anomaly, the supreme rationalist who strove to impose on chess the same meticulous scientific grounding he used in his profession as an electrical engineer.
		Botvinnik was known for his striking use of the two bishops, pieces that slash diagonally across the board and, as he deployed them, can exert power far beyond their normal value.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=990CEEDC173BF934A35756C0A963958260 (756 words)

	Gallery of Champions
		Botvinnik was a profound technician in chess, a scientist, one might say.
		Botvinnik won the World Championship title in 1948 in a tournament of the top 5 players of the time (since the previous title holder, Alekhine, had died as World Champion).
		While Botvinnik lost the title twice during his reign (to Smyslov in 1957, and Mikhail Tal in 1960), he studied his opponents intensely and in the year after following each overthrow, he regained his kingdom.
	library.thinkquest.org /10746/nf_botvinnik.html (183 words)

	Biography of Mikhail Botvinnik
		Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik was born in Kuokkala, near Vyborg, in 1911.
		Botvinnik continued to build on these successes and went on to hold the title of World Champion on three separate occasions (1948-57, 1958-60, 1961-63).
		Botvinnik rarely played in post-World War II tournaments while he was World Champion.
	www.supreme-chess.com /famous-chess-players/mikhail-botvinnik.html (713 words)

	[No title]
		He showed me a document stating that Mikhail Botvinnik was granted a monthly purchase of petrol in the amount of several dozens of litres.
		Botvinnik was a Chairman of the Soviet-Dutch Association.
		The others however, including Botvinnik, after realizing that their talent and knowledge are not decisive, but staying awake on a night after a lost match, they do not to want to drag their names on the margins any more.
	www.sahovski.com /other/index.php?other=28 (882 words)

	Mikhail Tal
		Mikhail Nekhemevich Tal was born on 9 November 1936 in Riga, Latvia and started playing chess at 8.
		The first was that in the original match, Tal and Botvinnik both stayed at the 'Moscow' hotel and when Tal's second sang Neapolitan songs, it inspired Tal, but demoralised Botvinnik.
		Tal explains that these reasons were 'journalism' and that he was unprepared for Botvinnik's aggression and preparedness to go into stormy positions, which he had not done in 1960.
	www.biogs.com /famous/tal.html (312 words)

	[No title]
		The case of Paul Keres and Mikhail Botvinnik is a chess equivalent of the John F. Kennedy assassination: an unsolved historical mystery full of dark implications, about which conflicting opinions and theories abound.
		Botvinnik (14-6) dominated, ahead of Smyslov (11-9), Keres and Reshevsky (10«-9«), and Euwe (4-16), scoring 4-1 against Keres.
		Botvinnik also observed that Keres had "a tendency to fade somewhat at decisive moments in the struggle," or in common parlance he wasn't a "clutch player".
	www.chesscafe.com /text/kb1.txt (2867 words)

	Mikhail Tal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mikhail Nekhemievich Tal (IPA: [mʲixa'iɫ̺ n̻ʲɛ'xɛmjɛvʲiʨ t̺al̻]; Latvian: Mihails Tāls; Russian: Михаил Нехемьевич Таль) (November 9, 1936 - June 28, 1992) was a Jewish Latvian chess player and the eighth World Chess Champion.
		On June 28, 1992, Mikhail Tal died [officially of[kidney failure]] in a Moscow hospital.
		Mikhail Botvinnik vs Mikhail Tal, Moscow 1960, 6th game of the match, King's Indian, Fianchetto, Classical Main line (E69), 0-1 An excellent sample of Tal style from the first Botvinnik-Tal match.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mikhail_Tal (1313 words)

	OBITUARY : Mikhail Botvinnik \| Independent, The (London) \| Find Articles at BNET.com
		Botvinnik was clearly identified as the great hope for Soviet chess and was groomed to spearhead the attack on the "bourgeois" players of the West.
		By 1939, negotiations were in progress for Botvinnik to challenge Alekhine for the world championship, but the outbreak of war put an end to all international chess.
		Botvinnik's chance finally came in 1948 when the world's five leading grandmasters were invited to contest a match- tournament in Moscow and The Hague.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19950508/ai_n13981379 (794 words)

	Chessville Reviews - Match for the World Chess Champioinship: Botvinnik – David Bronstein, Moscow 1951- by Mikhail ...
		Half of them are annotated by Mikhail Botvinnik, while six are annotated by Eugeny Sveshnikov, two by Salo Flohr, and one each by Grigory Levenfish, Pyotr Romanovsky and Andrei Lilienthal.
		Mikhail Moiseevich repeatedly advised the pupils at his school to have their own theory.
		Igor Botvinnik has performed well his task as Compiler and Editor, and created a “whole” where there was once apparently only “parts.” The pages are well laid out, clean and readable, with generally two diagrams per page when it comes to the games.
	www.chessville.com /reviews/BotvinnikBronstein1951BotvinnikTal1961.htm (1522 words)

	Botvinnik 1948 - 1957 - Kings of Chess - Chess History - World Chess Network (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Botvinnik became famous overnight, and Nikolai Krylenko, Soviet chess boss who was executed by Stalin in 1938, wrote, “The Flohr-Botvinnik match has shown that in our standard of play we have caught up with bourgeois Europe.” In truth, not yet.
		Botvinnik was the only Soviet master of the mid-1930s who could compete reliably against the best in the West, and his first international outing at Hastings 1934-35 found him a mere fifth equal among 10 competitors.
		Botvinnik then prevailed upon Soviet chess leaders to organize an “absolute championship” of the USSR in 1941, which he won by 2 ½ points over a captive Keres, whose country had been annexed by the Soviets.
	worldchessnetwork.com /English/chessHistory/salute/kings/botvinnik.php (1547 words)

	Tal vs Botvinnik
		In 1960, Mikhail Botvinnik was the pillar of
		Wizard of Riga’’ put the magic back into the game by defeating Botvinnik with spectacular tactics in one of the most dramatic and celebrated world championships matches of all time.
		When Tal beat Botvinnik for the world championship in 1960, he was 23 years old at the time and the youngest world champion ever.
	www.chess-poster.com /great_games/Tal_Botvinnik/tal_botvinnik.htm (71 words)

	Mikail Tal, The Game is Afoot - Biography
		The great Mikhail Tal, "the Magician from Riga", was one of the greatest attacking geniuses in the history of recorded chess.
		But in 1961, he played against Botvinnik in the obligatory return match and found that Botvinnik had spent the time since the first match doing his homework and systematically finding ways to take advantage of the kinks in Tal's incredibly complicated attacking style.
		Botvinnik retained his World Championship title, and Tal never reached the pinnacle ever again, due to the succession of chess geniuses Petrosian, Spassky, Fischer, Karpov and Kasparov.
	www.starfireproject.com /chess/tal.html (1178 words)

	The chess games of Mikhail Botvinnik
		Mikhail Moiseevich Botvinnik was born in Kuokkala, near Viipuri (Today, Vyborg) in what was then Finland.
		Botvinnik was actually born in what is today a part of Finland
		Botvinnik also likened the young Karpov to Capablanca.
	www.chessgames.com /perl/chessplayer?pid=11207 (1067 words)

	my great predecessors II
		Perhaps the sheer strength of Botvinnik’s play is summarized by Kasparov’s quotes from others profiled here, when he writes that “Tigran [Petrosian] recalled the he found playing Botvinnik even more difficult than player Fischer: ‘There was a very unpleasant feeling of inevitability.
		Kasparov also delves into his own relationship with Botvinnik, which ran the gamut from student to teacher and mentor to partner (as world champions and chess school collaborators) and ultimately to their falling out over politics, both in chess and the Soviet Union.
		There are also matches involving Botvinnik and Euwe that are discussed in separate chapters, and it is sometimes difficult to maintain the context of what was happening with this split coverage.
	www.jeremysilman.com /book_reviews_rb/rb_great_predecessors.html (1753 words)

	RUSNET :: Encyclopedia :: B :: Botvinnik
		Botvinnik lost the title in 1957 to Vasily Smyslov but regained it the following year; in 1960 he was challenged successfully by Mikhail Tal, but he once more regained the championship in 1961.
		Botvinnik's style of play was eclectic, methodical, and rational rather than strongly intuitive.
		Botvinnik graduated as an electrical engineer from the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute in 1932 and from 1955 was an associate of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Electrical Energy.
	www.rusnet.nl /encyclo/b/botvinnik.shtml (317 words)

	Mikhail Botvinnik
		Mikhail Moiseevich Botvinnik was born in St Petersburg, Russia in 1911.
		He held on to the world title until his defeat by Petrosian in 1963, except for two occasions when he lost the title for one year, to Smyslov (1957 - 1958) and Tal (1960 - 1961).
		Botvinnik was very serious about chess and never played for fun.
	www.chesscorner.com /worldchamps/botvinnik/botvinnik.htm (212 words)

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