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Topic: Mikheil of Abkhazia

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	Chad Nagle Elections In Abkhazia Old Town Review Politics
		Abkhazia shares a border with Russia, but although the Abkhaz have maintained a consistently pro-Russian orientation in their push for recognition, the Russians have cooperated with the international blockade of Abkhazia, making sure that the border remains closed to foreigners.
		This brought a rapid increase in the Georgian population at the expense of the Abkhaz.
		In 1990 Abkhazia declared itself a sovereign republic, and in March 1991, Abkhazia’s voters approved Gorbachev’s referendum on a new Union of Sovereign States, as the USSR was imploding.
	www.fluxfactory.org /otr/nagleabkhazia.htm (3262 words)

	communique: issue five: uncivil wars: a brief history of the abkhaz war (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Just about every one of the political big-wigs in Abkhazia is a former protégé of outgoing President Vladislav Ardzinba, who led his country successfully through the war with the Georgians in 1992 and '93.
		Abkhazia and Georgia were like two brothers in a Gabriel Garcia Marquez novel, often going their own way but bound by blood into a fatal intimacy.
		Abkhazia's capital, Sukhumi, fell immediately, to the cheers of the tens of thousands of Georgians who lived there and justifiably thought of the invaders as "liberators." But it wouldn't be a quick war.
	www.diacritica.com /communique/content/issuefive/c.html (2276 words)

	Strange Bedfellows - Kommersant Moscow
		Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili, who recently described the Ilyushin planes used by the Russian Emergencies Ministry to deport Georgians from Russia as "cattle cars," has again demonstrated his insatiable appetite for provocative and shocking comparisons, this time by likening the Georgians to the Jews.
		Mikheil Saakashvili has once again caught Moscow out in its mistakes and is making use of a moment when even those who completely approve of the policies being followed by the Russian authorities regarding Georgians must admit to glaring excesses in the authorities' campaign.
		As such, from the point of view of domestic Israeli politics the cozying-up to Mikheil Saakashvili is a overt political gesture by the government in the direction of ?migr?s from the former USSR.
	www.kommersant.com /p718526/r_538/Mikheil_Saakashvili_visit (628 words)

	Georgian Army Pursues Dissident Commander
		The upper Kodori Gorge is the only area of Abkhazia under the de facto jurisdiction of the Georgian government and is populated by ethnic Svans, closely related to Georgians.
		The armed forces of the unrecognised republic of Abkhazia have been on alert and watching developments, but are under orders from their government not to intervene.
		Mikheil Machavariani, deputy speaker of the Georgian parliament, said he saw the hand of the former leader of Ajaria, Aslan Abashidze, and the former presidential representative in Kvemo Kartli region, Levan Mamaladze – both of them powerful figures under Shevardnadze, and both now in exile - in the rebellion.
	www.freeserbia.net /Articles/2006/Kodori.html (1066 words)

	The Abkhazia Conflict
		Abkhazia is a region of northwestern Georgia on the Black Sea coast.
		Most of the Georgian population of Abkhazia fled or was forcibly expelled as a result of the conflict.
		In April 2005, meetings between the parties, represented by the new Georgian government of Mikheil Saakashvili and the new Abkhaz leadership, resumed in Geneva with the Group of Friends.
	www.state.gov /p/eur/rls/fs/53745.htm (688 words)

	Abkhazia: A promising pariah on the Black Sea - Editorials & Commentary - International Herald Tribune
		The president of Georgia, Mikheil Saakashvili, adamantly insists that Abkhazia is an inseparable part of Georgia.
		Abkhazia, a small country bordering on Russia and Georgia with a 220-kilometer stretch of marvelous balmy coastline, it is not recognized by any country.
		In Abkhazia there is a proverb: "A drowning man will grasp a snake." But the Abkhaz president would least of all like to see Moscow only as a snake.
	www.iht.com /articles/2006/06/28/opinion/edviktor.php (928 words)

	Mikheil, Prince of Abkhazia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Prince Mikheil, Mikheil (Michael) Sharvashidze (died 1866) was the head of state of the principality of Abkhazia and reigned from 1822 to 1864.
		Mikheil came to power at a time when Abkhazia had only recently been declared a protectorate of Russia, as a result of the 1810 manifesto of Tsar Alexander I.
		Though Mikheil was not the last of the Sharvashidze dynasty, the rule of Grigol III, his son, was short-lived and Russia subsequently abolished the principality in Abkhazia, incorporated it into Russia itself, and renamed it the Sukhumi District.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mikheil,_Prince_of_Abkhazia (213 words)

	Politics of Abkhazia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Politics in Abkhazia is dominated by the conflict with Georgia, of which the territory became de facto independent but remains a de jure part of Georgia.
		Politics of separatist Abkhazia takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, wherein the President of Abkhazia is both head of state and head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system.
		Still, on 12 October Abkhazia's Supreme Court, after a series of contradictory decisions by the Electoral Committee, recognized that the new president would be a businessman Sergei Bagapsh, accused by his rival's supporters of being pro-Georgian.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics_of_Abkhazia (1985 words)

	Georgia, Abkhazia - CDI RW 14 May 2004
		Only serious concessions can return Abkhazia to the fold, but until now this would have been both psychologically and politically impossible for the regime in Tbilisi.
		Now that Saakashvili has made a show of strength in Adzharia, he is in a position to propose a compromise acceptable to the Abkhaz leadership without losing face.
		His task is simplified somewhat by Sukhumi's gradual realization that international recognition of Abkhazia's sovereignty and its annexation to Russia are pipe dreams, and that a way out of the current crisis must be found.
	www.cdi.org /Russia/306-21.cfm (703 words)

	BHHRG
		Since Mikheil Saakashvili became its president in January 2004, the Caucasian republic of Georgia has made increasingly bellicose noises about reintegrating its rebellious former provinces of abkhazia (in the west) and South Ossetia, north west of the capital, Tbilisi.
		abkhazia’s independence remains unrecognized by the international community putting its status on the same level as that of other breakaway regions in the former Soviet republics i.e., South Ossetia, Transnistria and Nagorno-Karabakh.
		Perhaps it is too late now for abkhazia to remain free for much longer from Tbilisi’s embrace as the conduct of the presidential election must give rise to fears that this region is also facing its own ‘rose revolution’.
	www.bhhrg.org /CountryReport.asp?CountryID=10&ReportID=225&keyword=abkhazia (494 words)

	1999-4-11-g
		Abkhazia is rich in woods and meadows; its inhabitants are handsome and talented by nature and are Christian by religion”.
		At the end of the 8th century Abkhazia freed itself from the Byzantine yoke and its ruler Leon the Second was given the title of King.
		Abkhazia is crossed by the main range of the Caucasus, and over the orange groves the high peaks of Agepsta (3,257 metres), Ertsakhvi (3,910 metres), Psishi (390 metres) rise.
	www.magtigsm.com /magazine/1999-4/1999-4-11.html (1169 words)

	Georgian troops advance on Abkhazia
		At the same time, local ruler Emzar Kvitsiani warned that anyone approaching the border between the self-declared republic of Abkhazia and the rest of Georgia will be killed, the Russian Information Agency Novosti reported.
		Abkhazia, which proclaimed independence after the war in the early 1990s, receives open support from Russia.
		Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili has vowed to repatriate the region and bring it under federal rule.
	www.softcom.net /webnews/wed/cz/Ugeorgia-abkhazia.RcnA_GlR.html (169 words)

	Guestbook
		On the other hand, if Abkhazia is pulled back into Georgia and a new wave of settlers from Georgia flood Abkhazia, there won't be any "might", a new fight will definitely start..
		No matter how recognition of Abkhazia and Ossetia will be communicated to other minorities living in Georgia, they won’t see it as a country of common sense and sober politics.
		Abkhazia, will strive to attract more Russian investments and close ties up with them, economically, as well as well politically.
	www.abkhazia.org /forum/guestbook.asp?page=17 (2579 words)

	EurasiaNet Eurasia Insight - Presidential Candidates Strike Deal in Abkhazia
		Already, border passage with Abkhazia had been restricted and agricultural imports from the sub-tropical region halted — a potentially fatal blow to the many Abkhaz farmers who depend on mandarin exports to Russia for their livelihoods.
		Kolesnikov told a briefing in Sukhumi, the Abkhazian capital, that Abkhazia should pass new electoral legislation before fresh elections can be held and that Abkhazia should "report" to Moscow about the "removal of difficulties" that contributed to the suspension of railway traffic.
		As Russia’s relations with Abkhazia soured over the prospect of Bagapsh as president, Tbilisi began testing the waters for talks aimed at reuniting the region with Georgia, a principal goal of the Saakashvili administration.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/insight/articles/eav120604.shtml (1039 words)

	Abkhazia News
		For those who are interested in Abkhazia and the Kodori C...
		Abkhazia denies deployment of troops in Gali district
		Abkhazia's leader said Friday the breakaway region will not restart talks with Georgia until it withdraws its troops from the Kodori Gorge, the only Tbilisi-controlled area in the un-recognized republic.
	www.topix.net /ge/abkhazia (659 words)

	News from Abkhazia - October 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Earlier, the Georgian parliament passed a resolution on Russian peacekeepers, demanding the termination of peacekeeping operations in Abkhazia and South Ossetia and the pullout of Russian peacekeepers unless their role in the Georgian-Ossetian and Abkhazian conflict zones was revised before February 10 and July 1, 2006, respectively.
		It said the resolution, calling for a suspension of Russian peacekeepers' mandates in the two rebel provinces, accusing them of siding with local separatists, was aimed at destroying the regulatory framework and mediation procedures aimed at resolving the conflict peacefully.
		Abkhazia and South Ossetia broke away from Georgia in the 1990s and have been cultivating close ties with Russia ever since.
	www.kapba.de /News-E-October2005.html (2872 words)

	Sobaka :: Dossier: Tamaz Nadareishvili (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		It's unlikely that the same malevolent means were utilized, but one is moved to note the fortuitous timing of the heart attack suffered by Tamaz Nadareishvili in Georgia.
		Without Nadareishvili, some Georgian refugees from Abkhazia believe, the government will be free to bargain away their rights in a proposed settlement, including the crucial right of return, which is really the axis upon which the negotiations turn.
		With his fellow deputies from the Georgian faction of the Abkhaz parliament, he formed the Supreme Council of Abkhazia (sometimes still known by retro-enthusiasts as the "Supreme Soviet") and the Abkhazia government-in-exile with himself as its chair.
	www.diacritica.com /sobaka/dossier/nadareishvili.html (2943 words)

	Georgia Today on the Web
		The representatives of the legitimate government of Abkhazia arrived in the gorge on July 31 to get acquainted with the situation on the ground.
		Mikheil Saakashvili also stated that the government would build houses for the members of the Abkhazian legitimate government.
		From the Kodori Gorge we will participate in all the processes that are connected to the conflict settlement starting with political processes and ending with negotiations, an opportunity that we were deprived of in Tbilisi,” Mzhavia added.
	www.georgiatoday.ge /article_details.php?id=1598 (609 words)

	News from Abkhazia - December 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili today said he is ready to enter head-to-head talks with the leader of Abkhazia in an effort to resolve the status of the breakaway republic.
		Ruslan Tarba - Republic of Abkhazia welcomes the UN plan on the return of refugees to its Gal district, Abkhazian Foreign Minister Sergei Shamba said Thursday as he met with representatives of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Georgia to discuss strategies for facilitating the refugee homecoming set for spring 2006.
		Aleksandr Stranichkin, de facto vice-chairman of Abkhazia and Beslan Butba, de facto chairman of the parliamentary inter-parliamentary and foreign affaires committee attend the “Multiculturalism and Ethnopolitical Models In XXI Century” conference in Geneva”.
	www.kapba.de /News-E-December2005.html (2540 words)

	Georgia risks war over separatists \| csmonitor.com
		Unlike a previous cycle of vicious civil wars in the early 1990s, when the pro-Moscow republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia won de facto independence from Georgia, the current tensions threaten to draw Russia directly into any fresh conflict.
		Tensions are also rising in Abkhazia, a mainly Muslim republic of about 95,000, which, like South Ossetia, is ethnically and linguistically distinct from Georgia.
		Abkhazia also won its independence - with covert Russian aid - following a brutal civil war in the early '90s.
	www.csmonitor.com /2004/0812/p06s01-wosc.htm (926 words)

	EurasiaNet Eurasia Insight - Rebel Leader, Military Exercises Stoke Georgia-Russia Discord
		President Mikheil Saakashvili has ruled out any negotiations with the rebel leader or his band, remarking in a televised statement on July 24 that the only negotiations would be "what cell they want in Tbilisi prison number 5."
		Abkhazia’s separatist leadership has stated that it will interpret the presence of Georgian troops in the gorge as a violation of its 1994 cease-fire agreement with Georgia.
		Meanwhile, as attentions focus on Abkhazia and the Kodori Gorge, a reported 6,000 Russian soldiers with tanks and other military equipment located to the north of the Georgian border for training exercises are also adding to tensions.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/insight/articles/eav072506a.shtml (1244 words)

	Labirinth of Abkhazia by Vakhtang Kolbaia
		In 1860 the population of Abkhazia was 70,000.
		Abkhazia is an example of harmonized co-existence of different nationalities throughout the centuries.
		The independence of Abkhazia had lasted just for "a minute," but even during this "minute," Abkhazia, being politically dependent on the Government of the Russian Federation, and partly on the Government of the Georgian SSR (finance, external trade, maritime transport, etc.) was a far cry from an independent state.
	www.abkhazia-georgia.parliament.ge /Publications/Georgian/labyrinth_of_abkhazia.htm (18169 words)

	ABKHAZIA REQUESTS GEORGIAN APOLOGY AND DREADS NEW WAR - Eurasia Daily Monitor
		Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili proposed the new approach in his address to the UN General Assembly on September 22.
		Reports by official and unofficial sources from Abkhazia indicate rising tensions in connection with a potential Georgian offensive from the strategically important upper Kodori Gorge, where Tbilisi enhanced its control and military presence this summer (see EDM, August 1, 2).
		An international conference, “Abkhazia in the Context of Regional Security and Development,” convened at the Pitsunda resort on September 19-20.
	jamestown.org /edm/article.php?article_id=2371488 (828 words)

	[Alternatives] : No Breakthrough in Abkhaz Crisis
		The Parliament of the unrecognized Republic of Abkhazia adopted a law on November 25 regarding the first President of Abkhazia, which grants immunity to Ardzinba and his family and guarantees his material and social welfare.
		On November 23 Apsnypress reported quoting Chairman of the Council of Elders Pavel Adzinba, that the Council, which is a public organization and cannot influence the results of an elections, has recognized the victory of opposition candidate Sergey Bagapsh in the October 3 presidential elections.
		On the backdrip of the aggravation of the situation in breakaway Abkhazia, Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili said on November 23 that the authorities are waiting for a particular moment to restore the country’s territorial integrity.
	www.alternatives.ca /article.php3?id_article=1569 (849 words)

	Ukraine's Rape by Elections
		Beyond that, it may move to further undermine pro-American Mikheil Saakashvili's presidency in Georgia and put pressure on Uzbekistan to come back to the fold of the Russia-led bloc in the former Soviet Union.
		However, as the Beslan tragedy demonstrated, Russian military power is still limited when it comes to countering real security threats and not largely imagined American influence.
		The latest developments in Iraq, Iran and elsewhere in the Middle East require increased attention of the Bush Administration and are likely to limit American freedom of maneuver in Eurasia.
	www.heritage.org /Press/Commentary/ed112404c.cfm (1018 words)

	Proud Abkhazia fiercely resists pull into Georgia's orbit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Largely cut off from the rest of the world, it is also a potential flash point for renewed violence in the volatile region along Russia's southern border.
		The status of the would-be state came up before the United Nations on Friday when Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili, who came to power after the 2003 "Rose Revolution," told the U.N. General Assembly that Abkhazia is part of his country, as is Georgia's other violence-torn separatist enclave, South Ossetia.
		Abkhazia's survival, in fact, depends on generous support from Russia, which finances the separatist government and has provided Russian passports to more than 90 percent of its citizens.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/09/24/MNGSSLBNK81.DTL&feed=rss.news (804 words)

	RIA Novosti - World - Abkhazia to hold military exercise October 23-26
		Abkhazia is located to the north of Georgia, along the Black Sea coast, and has strained relations with the ex-Soviet republic.
		A bloody conflict between Georgia and Abkhazia erupted in the early 1990s following the collapse of the Soviet Union.
		The Abkhazian intention to hold the exercise comes after a statement by Mikheil Saakashvili, the Western-leaning and U.S.-educated president of Georgia, calling on fellow Georgians living in Russia to return to Georgia and help rebuild Abkhazia.
	en.rian.ru /world/20061017/54880027.html (256 words)

	Insight Turkey
		Considering Russia's major role in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, chances for peaceful resolutions of the conflicts in the two breakaway regions should increase with the warming up of Georgia-Russia relations.
		Abkhazia, Ajaria and the Meskhetian Turks are all issues of concern for Turkey.
		Right from the start of the conflicts between Georgia and Abkhazia and Ajaria, Turkey has taken a positive and constructive role in establishing a dialogue between the sides.
	www.insightturkey.com /isN3.htm (1706 words)

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