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	CalendarHome.com - Instructions per second - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Instructions per second (IPS) is a measure of a computer's processor speed.
		The floating-point arithmetic equivalent of MIPS Million Instructions per second, is FLOPS, to which the same cautions apply.
		Though orthographically incorrect, the "S" in "VUPs" is sometimes written in upper case.) This was chosen because the 11/780 was roughly equivalent in performance to an IBM System/370 model 158-3, which was commonly accepted in the computing industry as running at 1 MIPS.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Million_instructions_per_second (531 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Million Instructions Per Second
		MIPS, Million Instructions Per Second, is a measure of microprocessor speed.
		However, this measure is useful only among processors with the same instruction set, as different instruction sets often take different numbers of instructions to do the same job.
		Most 8-bit and early 16-bit microprocessors[?] have a performance measured in KIPS (kilo instructions per second), which equals 0.001 MIPS.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/mi/Million_Instructions_Per_Second (287 words)

	RISC - Free Computer Science Tutorials - Provided by Laynetworks.com
		A RISC (reduced instruction set computer) is a microprocessor that is designed to perform a smaller number of types of computer instruction so that it can operate at a higher speed (perform more million instructions per second, or millions of instructions per second).
		Since each instruction takes some amount of time to store its result, and several instructions are being handled at the same time, later instructions may have to wait for the results of earlier instructions to be stored.
		However, once instruction scheduling is turned on, the machine language instructions for one line of source may appear in the middle of the instructions for another line of source code.
	www.laynetworks.com /RISC.htm (1840 words)

	The new contenders: Not your father's CPU
		For each superscalar microprocessor, table 1 lists the instruction issue rate (the number of instructions that can be issued per cycle) and the number of independent execution units to which the instructions can be dispatched.
		The instruction unit provides centralized control of instruction flow to the integer unit, the floating-point unit, and the branch-prediction unit, which operate independently and in parallel.
		In such cases, the branch instruction is removed from the instruction stream and replaced with the target instruction.
	ei.cs.vt.edu /~dept/ieee/spectrum/1993-Dec-Geppert-p20.html (2816 words)

	DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS
		The instruction is decoded by the instruction register(IR), where the address of the data is calculated using the adder and the base index register provided with the data memory.
		In the TMS320C30, the 16 LSBs of the instruction are concatenated with the 8 LSBs of the Data Page(DP) pointer.
		instruction words, dual memory, instructions with maximum scope for parallel processing, and short machine cycle times will generally give best performance, it is often the case that the critical factor is the availability of a particular instruction, which is available and fully exploited can make an otherwise unimpressive (and low cost) device the optimal choice.
	www.cse.unr.edu /~mukesh/DSPPAPER.html (2593 words)

	CAC - Lucent DSP32C Digital Signal Processor
		The execution of this instruction simply follows the conventions of C language: "Multiply the 32-bit floating-point values stored in the memory locations pointed to by registers r2 and r3.
		Four 40-bit accumulators perform 20 million instructions per second of the form: a = b + c * d Since each instruction can perform both a multiply and an addition, the maximum throughput is 40 MFLOPS, the standard benchmark used to rate all DSPs.
		The CAU executes 16 or 24-bit fixed point arithmetic instructions at the rate of 20 million per second.
	www.cacdsp.com /products/lucent_dsp32_dsp.html (862 words)

	DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY
		With a 40-ns instruction cycle time, the TMS320C31 processor is able to execute operation at a performance rate of up to 50 million floating-point instructions per second (MFLOPS) and 25 million instructions per second (MIPS).
		The second instruction line, then, stores the content in the address specified by AR4 into RI as a floating point value.
		It is resolved during the assembling process and does not occupy memory space as in the case of an instruction.
	faculty.etsu.edu /BLANTON/DSK_Introduction.htm (1360 words)

	Rise of the Robots, Moravec, Scientific American, December 1999
		By comparing how fast the neural circuits in the retina perform image-processing operations with how many instructions per second it takes a computer to accomplish similar work, I believe it is possible to at least coarsely estimate the information-processing power of nervous tissueóand by extrapolation, that of the entire human nervous system.
		Second, the customer should not have to call in specialists to put a robot to work or to change its routine; floor cleaning and other mundane tasks cannot bear the cost, time and uncertainty of expert installation.
		A second generation of universal robot with a mouselike 100,000 MIPS will adapt as the first generation does not and will even be trainable.
	www.frc.ri.cmu.edu /~hpm/project.archive/robot.papers/1999/SciAm.scan.html (4019 words)

	Mainframe Rates Effective March 2005
		The processors in the IBM Z890 operate at approximately 202.5 million instructions per second.
		The processors in the HDS Pilot 67 operated at approximately 51.7 million instructions per second.
		The processors in the IBM Z890 operate at approximately 175.8 million instructions per second.
	www.cio.sc.gov /ciocontentPRINT.asp?pageID=759&menuID=25 (467 words)

	Plainview Daily Herald - When should I buy a computer 07-14-2006 07-14-2006
		Second, the overall price of computers drops by about the same percentage in that same month.
		Back in the old days, we measured CPU speed in “megahertz.” Basically, a megahertz is the ability for a CPU to process 1 million instructions per second.
		The second most important variable in the computer speed equation is RAM, the onboard memory used by running programs.
	www.myplainview.com /site/news.cfm?newsid=16923941&BRD=517&PAG=461&dept_id=573717&rfi=6 (724 words)

	Definition of MIPS
		Stands for "Million Instructions Per Second." It is a method of measuring the raw speed of a computer's processor.
		The MIPS measurement has been used by computer manufacturers like IBM to measure the "cost of computing." The value of computers is determined in MIPS per dollar.
		Interestingly, the value of computers in MIPS per dollar has steadily doubled on an annual basis for the last couple of decades.
	www.sharpened.net /glossary/definition.php?mips (123 words)

	Operating Systems: Part 2
		As the processor executes millions of instructions per second, this gives the appearance of many processes running at once.
		If we decided that we would share the hardware by letting each user run for 1/5th of a second, this would mean each user could execute about 1.2 million instructions each time they have the processor.
		This involves loading the processor registers and memory with all the previously saved data and restarting it at the instruction that was to be executed when it was last interrupted.
	physinfo.ulb.ac.be /cit_courseware/opsys/os02.htm (1647 words)

	Data Structures in the Andrew Text Editor
		At one million instructions per second, the entire copy takes no more than 0.15 seconds, when moving four characters per cycle.
		If so, the second line accesses it by subscripting directly into d->body, the text area; but if not, the third line subscripts into an aritifical array d->part2body, which begins d->part1len characters before the first character after the gap.
		The second phase of the update routine erases the old text from each portion of the display that is to be redrawn.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~wjh/papers/byte.html (3560 words)

	CmpSci 635 Lecture 3
		The minimum CPI depends on the instruction set (usually just one or two instructions have the minimum CPI) and the speed of the innermost cache, which is usually on the same chip as the CPU in modern processors.
		Thus, absolute peak performance ignores the fact that there is a mix of CPI values that depend on the instruction set, the cache behavior, and the proportions in which instructions are executed.
		Throughput is the number of transactions per second for a program, where a transaction is some meaningful unit of work for the application.
	www.cs.umass.edu /~weems/CmpSci635/635lecture3.html (3505 words)

	EDUCAUSE REVIEW \| July/August 2006, Volume 41, Number 4
		Thus it was that the room-size computer of 1970, costing several million dollars and processing one million instructions per second, became the lap-size computer of 2000, costing several thousand dollars and processing one billion instructions per second.
		If the effect of the PC subrevolution was to turn hundreds of thousands of large computers into hundreds of millions of small ones, the effect of the Internet subrevolution was to turn those hundreds of millions of PCs into one giant global multiprocessor computer.
		We are only a few years away from petascale computing systems capable of 1015 operations per second (one peta-op), which will be achieved by approximately one hundred thousand processors each capable of ten billion operations per second.
	www.educause.edu /apps/er/erm06/erm0645.asp (1563 words)

	Research
		Our goal is to complete the 20-plet of charmed baryons and to map their decay modes.
		A second thrust of our research is to understand the production of baryons in B meson decays and to correlate the production of light and heavy flavor baryons.
		Much of our analysis is performed at an independent on-campus computing facility with a central processor capable of more than 100 million instructions per second.
	www.albany.edu /physics/experimental_high_energy_physics.htm (493 words)

	ISP Glossary - m Information and Terms definition - define
		This is a measure of throughput roughly in millions of bits per second.
		More exactly, that is 2^20 (1,048,576) bits per second.
		Moir (pronounced mor-ay, accent on second syllable) - A graphic effect that puts an undesirable pattern composed of small dots placed in a tight pattern on a plain image.
	www.myispforum.com /glossary-index/m.html (3117 words)

	delong.htm
		Today, talking only rough orders of magnitude, there are perhaps 300 million active computers in the world with processing power averaging several hundred million instructions per second.
		Three hundred million computers times 267,000,000 instructions/second is 800 quadrillion -- a forty billionfold increase in the world's raw automated computational power in forty years, an average annual rate of growth of 84-percent per year.
		Second, the governmental foundations underpinning the market system necessary to make it function well are not fixed in stone.
	www.hku.hk /hkcer/articles/v66/delong.htm (3441 words)

	MIPS (Million Instructions Per Second) Definition
		Stands for "Million Instructions Per Second." It is a method of measuring the raw speed of a computer's processor.
		For example, a computer rated at 100 MIPS may be able to computer certain functions faster than another computer rated at 120 MIPS.
		Interestingly, the value of computers in MIPS per dollar has steadily doubled on an annual basis for the last couple of decades.
	www.techterms.org /definition/mips (150 words)

	Gensys Computers - Glossary Of Terms
		There are up to 1.2 million transistors in an i486 and at a clock rate of 66mhz it delivers up to 54 million instructions per second.
		Often incorrectly assumed to indicate the number of bits per second (bps) transmitted, baud rate actually measures the number of events, or signal changes, that occur in 1 second.
		In parallel processing, can also refer to a method in which instructions are passed from one processing unit to another, as on an assembly line, and each unit is specialized for performing a particular level of operation.
	www.gensys.on.ca /glossary.html (14360 words)

	2.7 Performance Models (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		MIPS stands for ``millions of instructions per second.'' With the variation in instruction styles, internal organization, and number of processors per system it is almost meaningless for comparing two systems.
		As a point of reference, the DEC VAX 11/780 executed approximately one million instructions per second.
		MFLOPS (pronounced ``megaflops'') stands for ``millions of floating point operations per second.'' This is often used as a ``bottom-line'' figure.
	www.phy.ornl.gov /csep/CSEP/CA/NODE9F.html (238 words)

	mips - definition by dict.die.net
		MIPS n : (computer science) a unit for measuring the execution speed of computers; "4 MIPS is 4,000,000 instructions per second" [syn: MIPS, million instructions per second]
		The unit commonly used to give the rate at which a processor executes instructions.
		A measure of computing speed; formally, `Million Instructions Per Second' (that's 10^6 per second, not 2^(20)!); often rendered by hackers as `Meaningless Indication of Processor Speed' or in other unflattering ways, such as `Meaningless Information Provided by Salesmen'.
	dict.die.net /mips (233 words)

	Gatorsports.com :: 100 years of Gator Football
		Instructions per second (IPS) is a measure of a computer's processor speed.
		A thousand instructions per second (kIPS) is rarely used, as most current microprocessors can execute several million instructions per second.
		Though orthographically incorrect, the "S" in "VUPs" is sometimes written in upper case.) This was chosen because the 11/780 was roughly equivalent in performance to an IBM System/370 model 158-3, which was commonly accepted in the computing industry as running at 1 MIPS.
	www.gatorsports.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?template=wiki&text=million_instructions_per_second (790 words)

	Million Instructions Per Second (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It uses material from the Wiktionary page "Million".
		It uses material from the Wiktionary page "One_million".
		There are a million stories in the naked city, and a million cities.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Million_Instructions_Per_Second.html (205 words)

	C:\BELLBO~1\COMPUT~1\HTMFILES\00000563.HTM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Simplistic hardware measures, such as instruction times, can be used to characterize machine performance for many cases.
		Thus, a macromachine executing 1 million instructions per second may have an effective microcycle time of 100 nanoseconds for executing 10 million microinstructions per second.
		At the next level, a macromachine (ISP) executing 1 million instructions per second is capable of perhaps 0.1 to 0.25 million higher level FORTRAN language statements (instructions) per second depending on the mix of built-in functions and external functions called.
	research.microsoft.com /Users/gbell/Computer_Engineering/00000563.htm (296 words)

	Glossary M
		(IEEE) A source code instruction that is replaced by a predefined sequence of source instructions, usually in the same language as the rest of the program and usually during assembly or compilation.
		A unit of frequency equal to one million cycles per second.
		(2) A discrete set of instructions, usually processed as a unit, by an assembler, a compiler, a linkage editor, or similar routine or subroutine.
	www.validationstation.com /glossary/glossarym.htm (1064 words)

	Million instructions per second - Search.com
		The number of MIPS (million instructions per second) is a general measure of computing performance and, by implication, the amount of work a larger computer...
		This page describes the term million instructions per second and lists other pages on the Web where you can find additional information.
		Stands for "Million Instructions Per Second." It is a method of measuring the raw speed of a...
	www.search.com /search?tag=se.fd.box.main.search&q=Million+instructions+per+second (340 words)

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