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| | Minamoto Yoritomo Biography | Encyclopedia of World Biography |
 | | During the late 11th and the early 12th centuries, chieftains of the Minamoto and Taira increasingly came to participate in the politics of the court, and as the result of two armed conflicts in Kyoto, in 1156 and 1159, the Taira succeeded in supplanting the Fujiwara as the most powerful ministerial family in the land. |
 | | Yoritomo was only 12 years old at the time of the 1159 conflict, in which the Taira decisively defeated the Minamoto, who were commanded by his father, Yoshitomo. |
 | | Yoritomo's authority, which was restricted chiefly to the provinces of eastern Japan during the war with the Taira, was made national in scope in 1185, when he received permission from the throne to appoint his vassals as stewards to various private estates throughout the country and as constables or protectors in each province. |
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