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Topic: Minnan (linguistics)

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	[Wikitech-l] Re: Plese minnan WP move to poj.wikipedia.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Previous message: [Wikitech-l] Plese minnan WP move to poj.wikipedia.org
		I would appreciate it if in the future you could, as a non-user on Minnan, consult with the Minnan community first before unilaterally suggesting such a radical change.
		The document on lomaji.com (my domain, btw) merely describes one aspect of the major orthography used to write Minnan in Taiwan and other Minnan-speaking regions.
	mail.wikipedia.org /pipermail/wikitech-l/2004-July/023389.html (246 words)

	Mandarin (linguistics)
		In the broad sense, Mandarin is used, primarily by linguists and by the rest of this article, to refer to a much larger entity: the variations of Chinese speech spoken as the home language in most of northern and southwestern China.
		Although Beijing dialect is one of many forms of Chinese that linguists classify as Mandarin in the sense of being a northern dialect, it is not the case that the official standardized Mandarin is the same as "Beijing dialect".
		In many parts of southern China, the linguistic diversity is so large that even people from neighboring cities find it difficult to talk to each other in the local form of Chinese, thereby requiring the use of a lingua franca such as Mandarin.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/m/ma/mandarin__linguistics_.html (3685 words)

	Hakka Papers
		The sense of superiority based on a belittling attitude towards neighboring groups, is a hallucination and hurts the survival of Hakka as a group.
		Therefore, many Hakka linguists are scratching their heads hard, to find, or even invent the differences between the two seemingly inseparable dialects (Norman, 1986; Deng, 1998; Wang, 1998).
		The pride for their language and culture protected Hakka from being assimilated to stronger groups like Cantonese and Minnan speakers, although this is not true for Hakkas in Hong Kong, in the PRD and some parts of Taiwan.
	www.asiawind.com /hakka/hakpapers.htm (6912 words)

	Penang Hokkien
		Minnan is one of the sub-languages of the Chinese language and is mainly spoken in southern Fujian and Taiwan.
		Strictly speaking, it should be known as Southern Hokkien to distinguish it from Minbei (Northern Min), the language of Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian province.
		Like in other Minnan dialects, the tone of a syllable in Penang Hokkien depends on where in a phrase or sentence the relevant syllable is placed.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/p/pe/penang_hokkien.html (543 words)

	Cantonese (linguistics)
		Linguistically, Cantonese is a more conservative dialect than Mandarin.
		The Hong Kong linguist Sidney Lau modified Yale for his popular Cantonese-as-a-second-language course, so that is also another system used today by contemporary Cantonese learners.
		The current one advocated by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHK) is called jyutping, which solves many of the inconsistencies and problems of the older, favored, and more familiar system of Yale romanization, but departs considerably from it in a number of ways unfamiliar to Yale users.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/c/ca/cantonese__linguistics_.html (1181 words)

	Jacques Derrida - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Robert Bernasconi and David Wood) the word "déconstruction" was his attempt both to translate and re-appropriate for his own ends the Heideggerian terms 'Destruktion' and 'Abbau' via a word from the French language, the varied senses of which seemed consistent with his requirements.
		Deconstruction is related to vast tracts of the Western philosophical tradition, also to distinct but abutting academic disciplines such as linguistics and anthropology (called the "human sciences" in France).
		Derrida's examination of the latter's philosophical foundations, both conceptual and historical, and their continued reliance on philosophical argument (whether self-consciously or not), was an important aspect of his thought.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Jacques_Derrida (3285 words)

	This page is dedicated to the memory of Stanley Starosta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		To general linguists he was well-known as the founder and tireless advocate of lexicase, a theory of grammar he described in a nutshell as a "panlexicalist monostratal dependency variety of generative localistic case grammar": to specialists of Asian languages he was best-known for many contributions to the grammar of languages of the region.
		At the University of Hawaii, where he was offered a a teaching position in linguistics, and where he taught until his death, he became interested in Austronesian: this led him to the mountains of central Taiwan, for fieldwork on Saaroa.
		In Austronesian linguistics his main concern was the reconstruction of early Austronesian grammar.
	www.ling.hawaii.edu /faculty/stanley/sagarteulogy.html (468 words)

	Taiwanese (linguistics) at AllExperts
		Conventional linguistic analysis describes the tones on a five-point scale, with 1 being the lowest pitch and 5 the highest.
		Modern linguistic studies (by Robert L. Cheng and Chin-An Li, for example) estimate that most (75 % to 90 %) Taiwanese words have cognates in other Chinese languages.
		Linguistic work on the syntax of Taiwanese is still a (quite nascent) scholarly topic being explored.
	en.allexperts.com /e/t/ta/taiwanese_(linguistics).htm (4019 words)

	Chinese Language Facts
		China language mapMost linguists classify all of the variations of Chinese as part of the Sino-Tibetan language family and believe that there was an original language similar to Proto Indo-European from which the Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman languages descended.
		The seven main groups are Mandarin (represented by the lines drawn from Beijing), Wu, Xiang, Gan, Hakka, Cantonese, and Min (which linguists further divide into of 5 to 7 subdivisions on its own, which are all mutually unintelligible).
		Linguists who distinguish ten instead of seven major groups would then separate Jin from Mandarin, Pinghua from Yue, and Hui from Wu.
	www.languagehelpers.com /languagefacts/chinese.html (1603 words)

	Seminar in Linguistics 2002 Abstracts
		However, a close examination of the examples of these three verbs in major West-Saxon prose texts reveals the fact that there are only a small number of cases which can safely be said to take the double accusative.
		It is known that in a certain genre of songs in Minnan (Taiwanese) and Cantonese there is a correlation between the tone of the lyric and the melody.
		The meaning of "U" in Taiwanese (Minnan), when it occurs before a verb or an adjective, is examined here.
	www.gengo.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp /enshu_abstr02e.html (2297 words)

	Session 44: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The overall composition of the presentations is interdisciplinary in approach, each utilizing a selection from the tools of the ethnographer, the historian, the literary scholar, the dialectologist, and the linguist.
		The papers range in their coverage from inquiry into the local shape of the traditional literary language and investigation of the history of regional dialects, to observation and analysis of contemporary colloquial usage and the social manifestations thereof.
		Western linguistics demands sensitivity to the difference between sound and writing, and beentzyh seem to confuse this difference; they are often designated according to very lax semantic and phonological standards.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1998abst/china/c44.htm (1149 words)

	Wu History \| ema_06_package.xml (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Historical linguists have been uncertain how to classify the ancient Wu dialect, which could not yet be considered a Sinitic sublanguage at that time.
		The Wu vernaculars are characterized by complex patterns of tone sandhi in which the tone of one syllable is modified in speaking by that of the syllable that falls next to it.
		This has led some linguists to suggest that the Wenzhou dialect should be treated and recognized as a Sinitic language that is separate from the rest of Wu.
	www.bookrags.com /history/wu-ema-06 (1381 words)

	Notables
		In 2000-01, he was a lecturer in anthropology and in linguistics at Washington University.
		Her research interests are socialism and post socialism, market reforms, marriage, gender and sexuality, ethnicity and popular media.
		She works in China and Taiwan and speaks the Minnan dialect of Mandarin Chinese.
	record.wustl.edu /archive/2001/11-02-01/notables.html (739 words)

	Seminar in Linguistics 2003 Abstracts
		These verbs of existence do not show the same behavior as nouns, adjectives or verbal adjectives, and must be set apart in the classification of parts-of-speech.
		The present paper deals with mutual interactions between the melodies and the tones of the lyrics of the songs in Cantonese of Hongkong and in the Central dialect of Thai, as well as with the tone sandhi phenomena in Minnan (Taiwanese), Hakka and Mandarin Chinese.
		It is claimed that, in consideration of the behavior of the tone observed in the songs together with the tone sandhi in the latter languages, the second half is relevant in the contour tone, and that the feature of the Mid-tone should be described as [-Upper].
	www.gengo.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp /enshu_abstr03e.html (1781 words)

	The Taiwanese Language? - Asia Finest Discussion Forum
		The modern linguistic study is synchronical since linguistic changes took place in history were not well-recorded.
		Yeah, geographical features and social condition both are important in the development of a linguistic varity.The former result in regional dialect and the latter social dialect.
		That is why i tend to point the assimilation of "Chinese language" in south China,the geographical barriers and mytriad of south tribes together result in many linguistic varieties in south China.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/index.php?act=findpost&pid=2543016 (3111 words)

	Taipei Times - archives
		These scholars say that the two groups' linguistic differences are due to their having been Sinicized in different eras and having originated from different branches of the ancestral tribe.
		In sum, from the differences and similarities between the Minnan and Hakka cultures, as well as Lin's scientific research report, there is no longer any doubt that the two groups are the same people.
		The classification of the Minnan and Hakka as separate groups among the four major ethnic groups that we speak of in Taiwan society has triggered animosity.
	www.taipeitimes.com /News/editorials/archives/2001/05/11/85315/print (1028 words)

	origins of cantonese - China History Forum, chinese history forum
		They use different characters, because when the sounds change dramatically (more than just systematic phonetic change) from the reading given to a character, a new character is created or an another character with identical pronunciation to the new sound is given a new meaning.
		It is widely speculated that two language of Chu and Wu merged into one (with dialect differences) by the end of the Warring States period after the Chu conquest of Wu and Yue.
		This unified language, Chinese linguists term 远古吴语 (Archaic Wu), would absorb further northern elements during the Han dynasty (becoming 中古吴语, Middle Wu, commonly referred to as 江东话 Jiangdong-hua) and become the lingua franca of Sun Quan's Wu Kingdom (of the Three Kingdoms) and Eastern Jin after the collapse of the Han and Western Jin.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=5534 (2163 words)

	LINGUIST List 5.566: Tone change
		This is a summary of all the responses I received from subscribers to the Linguist List and Chinese Linguist List to my query on tone change.
		Minnan dialect (Hokkien) also is supposed to have a "neutral tone".
		During the phonetics/phonology portion of the course, the instructor mentioned that the historical development of tones may have been influenced by the re-interpretation of ancient voicing contrasts in syllable-initial stop consonants.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/5/5-566.html (1715 words)

	Chinese Dialects Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Chinese Dialects have been largely misunderstood not only by the rest of the world but also by linguists themselves for centuries.
		I remember arguing the point with professor Botne back in linguistics classes, a specialist in Bantu "languages", that these are in fact separate, unintelligible languages, or we could in fact call Bantu under the analogy, one language with a thousand dialects.
		In fact, with the size and antiquity of the Chinese nation, there is no doubt that the linguistic variation could be in fact as diverse as Europe's.
	www.glossika.com /en/dict/intro.htm (752 words)

	Pinoy Kasi -- From Adasen to Yogad (August 19, 2003)
		ADASEN is spoken in northwestern Abra province while Yogad is a language used in Echague town in the northeastern province of Isabela.
		The linguists do this mainly to translate the Bible, but in the process they have helped to preserve many languages.
		As an ethnic Chinese, I would even bat for recording the way the Minnan Hokkien language is used by local Chinese, which has over time developed several geographically based dialects with differences in words and intonation.
	pinoykasi.homestead.com /files/2003articles/08192003_Adasen.htm (1070 words)

	Is Chinese actually different languages - China History Forum, chinese history forum
		Also, the existence of wer (who), wen (whom) and wem (to whom) in German might imply that some of today’s ‘correct’ uses of ‘whom’ were viewed by someone as mistakes at some time in the past, before the use of a separate word for the third case was eventually abandoned.
		Still, we might want to be hesitant before referring to the regionalect as a ‘linguistic’ categorization, at least until its unique characteristics, outside of political context, are demonstrated.
		That said, and to clarify some of my earlier posts, the ultimate issue is with the definitions of the terms in question themselves, especially now that language has been picked up all over the world as a critical aspect in modern nation-making mythologies.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=2794&st=45 (2672 words)

	Introduction to Sinitic-Vietnamese Studies - dchph
		At present linguists of Vietnamese tend to embrace the idea that Vietnamese belongs to the Mon-Khmer (MK) branch of the larger Austroasiatic linguistic family.
		In this paper, however, except for that broad classification of the Austroasiatic linguistic family minus the Vietnamese language and those descents of the languages which "were once spoken much more widely in Chinaâ, the same concept is used to refer to a smaller scale of a linguistic sub-family.
		Mainly the innovated view was originally initiated by French linguists Maspero and Haudricourt in the middle of 20th century and then repeated by other linguists such as Baker, Parkin, Thomas, etc., in the later half of the same century.
	www.vny2k.com /vny2k/SiniticVietnamese4.htm (13354 words)

	Min Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Native speakers of Minnan dialects are found not only in Fujian province but also in the Chinese provinces of Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan Island, Zhejian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, and Sichuan.
		Overseas, Minnan speakers are also found in the Chinese communities of the Philippines, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore.
		Yong'an is a representative subdialect of the Minzhong (Central Min) dialect group, which is surrounded by Minbei to its north, Mindong to its east, Minnan to its south, and Hakka dialect to its west.
	www.bookrags.com /Min (1717 words)

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