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Topic: Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934

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	General strike
		A general strike is a strike action by a critical mass of the labour force in a city, region or country.
		The term "general strike" is sometimes also applied to large-scale strikes of all of the workers in a particular industry, such as the Textile workers strike (1934).
		In the Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934, as an example, many building trades unions and organizations of unemployed workers in federal work projects struck in sympathy with striking truckdrivers and in protest against the police violence directed against picketers; thousands of others participated in demonstrations in support of the strikers.
	www.libraryoflibrary.com /E_n_c_p_d_General_strike.html (3349 words)

	The 1934 Minneapolis Strike-ETOL
		The Minneapolis strikes of 1934 have always occupied a special place in the historical understanding of the Trotskyist movement, as they were the first clearly documented demonstration of the ability of a small Trotskyist organisation to make the breakthrough into the broader labour movement, and to lead one of its sections to victory.
		Minneapolis, 28 May -- The courage and determination so effectively displayed by the striking Minneapolis truck drivers and helpers has proven conclusively that the American working class is very well equipped to fight their exploiters.
		The whole record of the strike is a record of the transformation of workers to whom the idea of unionism was new, into resolute experienced fighters, who have successfully fought their class enemy, the bosses, and know the value of organisation and militant leadership.
	www.revolutionary-history.co.uk /backiss/Vol2/No1/minneap.html (5956 words)

	1934: Minneapolis Teamsters strike \| libcom.org
		Minneapolis at the turn of 1934 was one of the major hauling centres of the United States, and the major distribution centre in the Upper Midwest with thousands of truck drivers employed in the city's trucking industry.
		For a strike to be given the go-ahead, the proposal of strike action required a two thirds vote by the membership in order to authorise the action, and if any local struck prematurely, the leadership had the power to withdraw any strike benefits from the local union.
		Owing to the especially cold winter of 1934 and the need for coal to be able to leave the yards, the employers caved in after three days of strike action and blockades, and decided to recognise the union.
	libcom.org /history/1934-minneapolis-teamsters-strike (1760 words)

	how to win strikes
		The 1934 Minneapolis truckers strike was, in reality, three strikes: the coal drivers strike in February, a broader strike in May, and a resumption of the strike in July in which we finally achieved victory.
		In the coal drivers strike, we did not have enough pickets at the beginning of the walkout to successfully close all the yards that were being struck.
		The strike committee had a doctor and nurses on hand at the strike headquarters for workers who might be injured in the picketing.
	www.geocities.com /youth4sa/strikes.html (3860 words)

	strike. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Strikes usually result from conflicts of interest between the employer, who seeks to reduce costs, and employees, who seek higher wages (or in times of depression try to stop wage decreases), shorter hours, better working conditions, union recognition, and/or improved fringe benefits.
		Some of the more important industry-wide strikes in the United States have been those waged by the railroad employees in 1877 and 1894, by the United Mine Workers in 1902 and 1946–47, by the steel workers in 1919, 1937, 1952, and 1959, and by the auto workers in 1937 and 1946.
		The number of strikes dropped from a record high of 470 involving 1,000 workers or more in 1952, when 2.7 million workers went on strike, to a record low of 29 in 1997, when 339,000 workers struck.
	www.bartleby.com /65/st/strike.html (717 words)

	The Militant - 8/10/98 -- `Power, Not Diplomacy' Win Battles Against Bosses
		I tell you, one of the most pathetic things observable in that period was to see how in one strike after another the workers were outmaneuvered and cut to pieces, and their strike broken by the "friends of labor" in the guise of federal mediators.
		A favorite trick of the confidence men known as federal mediators in those days was to assemble green strike leaders in a room, play upon their vanity, and induce them to commit themselves to some kind of compromise which they were not authorized to make.
		The strike was a hard and bitter fight but we had plenty of fun in planning the sessions of the union negotiations committee with the mediators.
	www.themilitant.com /1998/6229/6229_34.html (1102 words)

	The Minneapolis Teamster Strikes of 1934 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Three successive strikes by Minneapolis truck drivers in 1934 resulted in the defeat of the Citizens Alliance, the dominant employer organization that had broken nearly every major strike in that city since 1916.
		The strikes also established the industrial form of union organization through the medium of an American Federation of Labor (AFL) craft union and set the stage for the organization of over-the-road drivers throughout an eleven-state area, transforming the Teamsters into a million-plus member union.
		On February 7, 1934, a strike was called in the coal yards, shutting down sixty-five of sixty-seven yards in three hours.
	www.laborstandard.org /MN_Teamster_Festival/Dave_R_on_1934.htm (1074 words)

	The Militant - February 9, 2004 -- Minneapolis Teamsters prepare 1934 strike
		Through hard-fought strikes, rank-and-file workers defeated the trucking bosses and the strikebreaking efforts of the big-business “Citizens Alliance” and the federal, city, and state governments—including Floyd Olson, the Farmer-Labor Party governor of Minnesota.
		Reports were made by the strike leaders, guest speakers were invited from other unions to help morale through expressions of solidarity, and some form of entertainment usually followed.
		Many in the strike committee were aware of his impressive trade-union credentials, and he was given an important assignment accordingly.
	www.themilitant.com /2004/6805/680549.html (1013 words)

	Posters - Teamster Strike of 1934 : Karin Jacobsen:
		In 1934, the truck drivers in the Minneapolis Teamsters Local 574 along with thousands of other workers in solidarity with them, showed the world what militant unionism meant.
		Through the course of three strikes, in February, May, and June through August, the people of Minneapolis proved that the bosses organization called the Citizens Alliance, the police, and the National Guard together could not crush the forces of organized labor.
		The strike won the workers their settlement and established Minneapolis as a union town.
	www.northlandposter.com /catalog/p528.html (200 words)

	MNHS.ORG \| Library \| History Topics \| 1934 Truckers' Strike (Minneapolis)
		This strike, also known as the Minneapolis Teamsters' Strike and, alternately, sometimes called "a police riot," was one of the most violent in the state's history, and a major battle in Minnesota's "civil war" of the 1930s between business and labor.
		A non-union city, Minneapolis business leaders had successfully kept unions at bay through an organization called the Citizens Alliance, but by 1934, unions were gaining strength as advocates of workers for improved wages and better working conditions.
		Floyd B. Olson and the Teamster Strikes of 1934, by Dennis Harrington.
	www.mnhs.org /library/tips/history_topics/81truckersstrike.html (989 words)

	1934 West Coast Longshore Strike - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The 1934 West Coast Longshore Strike lasted eighty-three days, triggered by sailors and a four-day general strike in San Francisco, and led to the unionization of all of the West Coast ports of the United States.
		Teamsters supported the strikers by refusing to handle "hot cargo", goods that had been unloaded by strikebreakers.
		The west coast district of the ILA broke off from the International in 1937 to form the International Longshoremen's Union, later renamed the International Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union after the union's "march inland" to organize warehouse workers, then renamed the International Longshore and Warehouse Union in recognition of the number of women members.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1934_West_Coast_Longshore_Strike (2220 words)

	Shaun Maloney 1911-1999
		The indelible image of a hot July day in 1934 when Maloney and 66 other striking truck drivers were shot down by city police during the titanic Minneapolis Teamster strikes was burned forever into his consciousness and retold often to succeeding generations of labor militants.
		Born in Minneapolis on September 10, 1911, Shaun Maloney was immersed in labor radicalism at an early age.
		A front page photo in the August 28, 1934 Minneapolis Journal shows a dapper "Jack Severson," as he was then known, sporting a Workers' cloth cap adorned with a couple of union buttons, casting the first ballot in the election.
	www.ilwu19.com /history/loss.htm (1543 words)

	Fight Back! - August 2005 - Thousands Rally in Solidarity with Striking Northwest Airlines Workers
		The strike began on Aug. 19 in response to Northwest’s proposal to lay off 53% of AMFA mechanics - and to sock the remaining workers with a wage cut of more than 25%.
		This strike is turning into one of the biggest labor battles of the decade.
		He quoted from a leader of the historic 1934 Minneapolis Teamsters strike in his speech, driving home that this strike is historic and that more than the usual strike tactics will be needed to defeat Northwest’s determined union-busting plan.
	www.fightbacknews.org /2005/04/nwa0827.htm (555 words)

	lessons of the 1934 minneaplis teamster strike
		In fact, the famous events that made Minneapolis a union town — the 1934 Teamsters strikes — are a case history of how to overcome all kinds of obstacles, including a strikebreaking National Guard and double-dealing politicians.
		The day-to-day decisions were coordinated by a strike leadership called the “Committee of 100.” From the ranks, such men as Farrell Dobbs, Harry DeBoer, and Jake Cooper emerged as leaders during the strike.
		When the strike began in May 1934, the police were mobilized, volunteers were deputized, and strikers were arrested and beaten.
	www.geocities.com /youth4sa/Minneapolis-1934.html (1209 words)

	MATC Library - underlying pages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		These strikes resulted in an untold number of deaths, indictments of over 550 coal miners for insurrection and treason, and four declarations of martial law.
		Important for understanding the importance of the Auto-Lite Strike in 1934 is the realization that, at that time, it was not certain that labor unions were legal or that they could appeal to the legal system for fair treatment and resolution of disputes.
		Korth, Philip A. The Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934.
	matcmadison.edu /library/library/subjectresources/history_labor1.htm (4917 words)

	Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934:0870133853:Korth, Philip:eCampus.com
		The 1934 Minneapolis Teamsters Strike proved to be a pivotal event in twentieth-century American labor history.
		The Minneapolis Teamsters challenged the muscle of big business, as well as the authority of local, state, and federal government, and in the process they changed the very nature of labor relations in the United States.
		In The Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934, Philip Korth's description of events surrounding this landmark labor action are filtered through the recollections of the people who were there.
	www.ecampus.com /bk_detail.asp?isbn=0870133853&referrer=CJ (227 words)

	Workers' Party
		The Irish, Polish and Italian working classes of the 1890-1914 period, in the Dublin general strike of 1913, the Polish mass strikes of 1905, and the Italian “Red Week” of 1914 were each, in their way, at the cutting edge of the international working-class movement of the period.
		Indeed, the Lawrence (Massachusetts) strike of 1912 and the U.S. Steel Strike of 1919 were notable in their success in mobilizing these same immigrant groups.
		But the casual reader of the history of socialism in America from 1890 to 1945 cannot fail to be struck by the discontinuity between the significant ideological spectrum of the 1890-1930 period as contrasted with what became the dominant left discourse in the course of the 1930’s.
	home.earthlink.net /~lrgoldner/awcpp.html (9484 words)

	Teamsters \| libcom.org
		Workers at JeffBoat, the United States' largest inland shipyard located in on the Ohio River in Jeffersonville, Indiana, went on wildcat strike on April 30th, 2001.
		JeffBoat workers were presented with a contract proposal that set them back on every point and gave their union, Teamsters Local 89, the power to make deals with the company without the members' consent.
		Union officials and office staff were instructed to call workers' at home and demand they report to work as usual or face penalties.
	libcom.org /tags/teamsters (216 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Born in Minneapolis on Sept. 10, 1911, Shaun Maloney was immersed in labor radicalism at an early age.
		A front page photo in the Aug. 28, 1934 Minneapolis Journal shows a dapper “Jack Severson,” as he was then known, sporting a workers’ cloth cap adorned with a couple of union buttons, casting the first ballot in the election.
		Maloney was released in early 1942 and left Minneapolis for the West Coast, where he continued his union activism and lived for the remainder of his life.
	archive.ilwu.org /0100/maloney0100.htm (1047 words)

	Workers World Sept. 4, 1997: Teamsters born in struggle
		That walkout, which was led by socialists, led to the historic Minneapolis Teamsters strike--and ultimately to organizing hundreds of thousands of over-the-road drivers in one giant union.
		He had joined forces with Dave Beck, who became Teamster president and who was an avowed enemy of the socialist leaders of the Minneapolis Teamsters.
		The "New Teamsters," led by President Ron Carey, and the Teamsters for a Democratic Union are in an excellent position to educate the rank and file about their true heritage:
	www.workers.org /ww/1997/ibt.html (788 words)

	Labor Standard 6 for Web (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The indelible image of a hot July day in 1934 when Maloney and 66 other striking truck drivers were shot down by city police during the titanic Minneapolis Teamster strikes was burned forever into his memory and retold often to succeeding generations of labor militants.
		Maloney often said he considered Skoglund the real strategist of the 1934 strikes and the author of the conception of organizing drivers across the Midwest, a perspective carried out with great skill by Dobbs and Maloney in the mid to late 1930s.
		One of Maloney’s proudest moments came when agreement recognizing the union was finally reached in August 1934, contingent on a majority vote of the workers, a vote administered by the Regional Labor Board.
	www.laborstandard.org /Vol2No1/Shaun_Maloney.htm (1176 words)

	UFCW Strike: A Battle for All Labor
		The UFCW strike is the front line of a fight that needs to be waged by all of labor in defense of health care benefits and against the undermining of unions through the imposition of multi-tier divisions within the workforce.
		However, the strike is also taking a toll on the strikers—health care benefits have expired for many UFCW workers, and many have also fallen behind on their car and housing payments while struggling to put food on the table for themselves and their families.
		The unions are disarmed by the trade- union misleaders' acceptance of the capitalist system of profit, their acceptance of the labor laws issued by the capitalist government and capitalist courts, and by a program of class collaboration with the capitalists, expressed chiefly through political support for the Democratic Party.
	www.icl-fi.org /english/wv/archives/oldsite/2004/UFCW-819.html (2238 words)

	AMFA Stands Up to Concessions at Northwest Airlines
		From the beginning of the strike, officials of other unions—from the International Association of Machinists (IAM) and Air Line Pilots’ Association (ALPA) at Northwest, to the heads of the AFL-CIO—have denied AMFA support, claiming it was a breakaway union that had raided IAM locals.
		Yet top labor leaders are repeating the same mistakes made in the PATCO strike of 1981, which, along with the 1979 concessions at Chrysler, set off a tidal wave of takeback demands by bosses throughout the economy.
		Early on in the strike, the union exposed (and a handful of media reported) the reassignment of an FAA inspector who refused to obey his bosses’ directives to go easy on Northwest safety violations.
	www.socialistaction.org /pollack5.htm (1690 words)

	Trotskyism in America: The U.S. Worke... - Socialists - tribe.net
		These strikes, along with the 1934 West Coast Longshore Strike, led by the Communist Party USA, were important victories after years of union defeats led by class collaborationist union bureaucrats.
		Speaking of the role of vanguard parties leading the 1934 strike wave James P. Cannon said, “It has been the lack of precisely this element, which only a Marxist party can supply, that condemned the insurgent labor movement of the past to futility and defeat.
		It was also these strikes that led to the fusion of the CLA and AWP.
	socialists.tribe.net /thread/e6167846-0b73-465b-83fc-620f7e415d5f (1047 words)

	Red Biography: Gus Hall
		In the 1934 Minneapolis Teamsters strike (led by Trotskyist Farrell Dobbs), Hall was one of the young activists involved.
		The YCL moved Hall to Ohio where he led the 1937 "Little Steel" strike of Warren-Youngstown.
		He became a staff member of the Steel Workers of America, and ran for mayor of Youngstown, Ohio, on the Communist Party ticket.
	reds.linefeed.org /bios/gushall.html (576 words)

	TwinCities IMC: press conference Tuesday, August 2nd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Slated speakers are Dave Bickering, candidate for the Minneapolis City Council in the 9th ward,Minneapolis Mayoral candidate Farheen Hakeem and Michael Cavlan, who is a candidate for the United States Senate in 2006.
		The speakers will be commenting on the recent decisions by several organized labor unions: the SEIU, the UFCW, the Teamsters and UNITE to break their ties with the AFL-CIO.
		The location of the press conference was chosen because it was the sight of the 1934 Minneapolis Teamsters strike aso known as " Bloody Friday", which launched the Minneapolis labor union movement.On that day 67 strikers were shot by the Minneapolis Police Department, many in the back as they were attempting to flee the area.
	twincities.indymedia.org /newswire/display/21373/index.php (214 words)

	A Unique Commemoration Of A Treasured Historic Victory
		These three exceptional local strikes paved the way for the large scale, nationally coordinated CIO victories in basic manufacturing industries a few years later.
		The socialist leaders of the Minneapolis strikes went on to revive and expand the entire local labor movement.
		As the bosses accelerate their drive to make Minneapolis once again union free, again closing plants and driving down living standards and working conditions, there is renewed interest among young workers as well in the victory of 1934.
	www.kclabor.org /a_unique_commemoration.htm (773 words)

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