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	Musical Forms - Minnesang
		The extant melodies are preserved in manuscripts from the 14th and 15th centuries, and cannot necessarily be applied to earlier verses.
		The Minnesang is generally categorized according to content, the basic types being the Minnelied (the man's expression of love), the Frauenlied (the woman's song), the Wechsel (in which the lovers 'exchange' their views), the Tagelied (like the Provençal Alba, the parting of the lovers at dawn), the Tanzlied (dancesong) and the Kreuzlied (crusading song).
		In the 14th century, the rising importance of the towns and the bourgeoisie shifted the emphasis from the courtly idealism to songs in a more spiritual and didactic tone, but the influence of the Minnesang is still discernible in the works of the Monk of Salzburg (circa 1400) and Oswald von Wolkenstein (died 1445).
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/g_minnesang.html (333 words)

	Minnesang \| wissen.de
		Beeinflusst wurde der Minnesang von der Vagantendichtung und der provençalischen Liebeslyrik (Troubadours).
		Der Minnesang ist in einer großen Zahl literarischer Formen (Minneklage, Tagelied, Tanzlied) erhalten.
		Walther von der Vogelweide stellte dieses Programm zugunsten der niederen Minne in Frage, in der die Frau dem werbenden Manne wiederum gleichgestellt wird.
	www.wissen.de /wde/generator/wissen/ressorts/unterhaltung/buecher/Specials/bert_brecht/index,page=1191504.html (360 words)

	MinnesangWWW
		By the end of the module, members will be familiar with the various genres of Minnesang, the principal named poets of the period, and will have had practice in translating a selection of Minnelieder.
		Ingrid Kasten (Stuttgart: Reclam, 1990 or more recent; referred to below as K) – as its name indicates, this selection concentrates on Frauenlieder; there is a certain amount of overlap with Brackert, naturally, so it also offers some alternative translations.
		H.Moser und H.Tervooren, 38th edition or more recent, vol.1 (Stuttgart: S.Hirzel, 1988) – this is the classic edition of early Minnesang (referred to in the secondary literature as MF).
	www.german.leeds.ac.uk /mhglit/Minnesangtop.htm (316 words)

	Glossary of Poetic Terms from BOB'S BYWAY, Letter M
		Lyric poets of Germany in the 12th to 14th centuries, all men of noble birth who received royal patronage and who wrote mainly of courtly love.
		Sidelight: The Minnesingers used the collective term, Minnesang, for their work on themes of courtly love.
		In the Middle Ages, the general term for a performer who subsisted by reciting verse and singing, usually accompanied by a harp.
	www.poeticbyway.com /gl-m.html (1892 words)

	Minnesang
		Minnesang was the tradition of lyric and song writing in Germany which flourished in the 12th century and continued into the 14th century.
		Minnesang has much in common with the troubadour tradition of France, and it likely stemmed from that tradition, though developed features unique to it.
		Minnesang died out in the 15th century, and the tradition of the Meistersingers[?] began.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/mi/Minnesinger.html (235 words)

	Minnesingers - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The term Minnesang, strictly applicable to the poems expressing the homage (Minnedienst) rendered by the knight to his mistress, is applied to the whole body of lyric poetry of the period, whether dealing with love, religion or politics.
		The characteristic period of German Minnesang begins at the close of the 12th century with the establishment of the Provençal tradition in western Germany through the poems of Heinrich von Veldeke and Friedrich von Hausen.
		The formal art and science of Minnesang reached full development in the subtle love-songs of Reinmar, the Alsatian "nightingale of Hagenau." Uhland aptly called him the "scholastic philosopher of unhappy love." As a metrist he developed a greater correctness of rhyme, and a better handling of German metres.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Minnesingers (1588 words)

	Stephen Layton
		Schnitte’s “Minnesang”, which requires 52 separate parts, pours from the speakers in impassioned waves, with soloists surfing the harmony and everyone aiming towards the strange chance-music climax.
		Minnesang traverses similar territory, but this time in no less than 52 parts, contrasting dense blocky chords with intricate solo writing and a range of virtuosic vocal effects.
		Minnesang is a much more earthly and complex work exploring the legacy of the medieval German Minnesangers, aristocratic predecessors to the Meistersingers.
	www.stephenlayton.com /recordings_quilisma/schnittke.html (1679 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Minnesang
		This period is regarded as the period of Classical Minnesang with Albrecht von Johansdorf, Heinrich von Morungen, Reinmar von Hagenau developing new themes and forms, reaching its culmination in Walther von der Vogelweide, regarded both in the Middle Ages and in the present day as the greatest of the Minnesänger.
		The later Minnesang, from around 1230, is marked by a partial turning away from the refined ethos of classical minnesang and by increasingly elaborate formal developments.
		There are a number of recordings of Minnesang using the original melodies, as well as Rock groups such as Ougenweide performing songs with modern instruments.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Minnesang (893 words)

	Mittelalter im Siebengebirge, Minnesang
		In jener Zeit entstanden Heldenepen wie das Nibelungenlied und das Rolandslied, höfische Romane wie Parzival und der Minnesang.
		Reinmar der Alte, Hartmann von Aue und Wolfram von Eschenbach waren Vertreter des hochhöfischen Minnesangs, sie besangen Ritter, die untadelig in Ehre und "Frauendienst" waren.
		Der Sänger Neidhard gar parodiert den hochhöfischen Minnesang: bei ihm geht es nicht mehr um eine unerreichbar hohe Dame und einen vollkommenen Ritter, sondern um Bauernmädchen und Bauernburschen und einen Ritter niederen Rangs, der durchaus für unerwünschten Nachwuchs sorgt.
	www.rheindrache.de /minnesang.htm (1028 words)

	gerontius.net UK choirs Discussion Board - Alfred Schnittke: Choir Concerto and Minnesang
		Schnittke felt that singers needed the Russian religious experience to communicate the power of his sacred vocal works, but I'm sure that our performance of the concerto will be a powerful one.
		Minnesang is Schnittke’s hommage to the German tradition of the same name, which flourished between the 12th and 14th centuries.
		Whereas the original Minnesang was the work of one singer-poet who may have accompanied himself on the harp, Schnittke’s extraordinary piece is in essence one vast canon.
	www.gerontius.net /ukchoirsdiscussion/messages/5/47.html?1037013487 (437 words)

	sca_artsscdoc1
		The two entries are meant to be judged separately, although they are related to each other in a very intimate way and could be seen as one piece of art.
		Minnesang had emancipated itself from the French origins – it had become an independent and authentic art form of medieval Germany.
		Minnesang is the love of the writer for a noble woman.
	home.arcor.de /mustangace/sca_artsscdoc1.htm (1377 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Minnesang
		“Minnesang” is the term given to a large collection of lyric poetry written in Austria, Germany and Switzerland during the Middle Ages.
		Foremost among these is the volume entitled Des Minnesangs Frühling, first produced in 1857 by Karl Lachmann and Moriz Haupt, but edited and extended many times since then and readily available in the edition by Hugo Moser and Helmut Tervooren (1977).
		At the core of the Minnesang is the love of a knight for his high-born lady, but this “relationship” must remain unfulfilled.
	www.litencyc.com /php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=1446 (712 words)

	Sleeve Notes - Schnittke: Choir Concerto, Minnesang & Voice of Nature
		It was difficult to accept, but it was the spirit of the times: tiredness and disillusionment with structuralism and complexity, as well as the rolling back to positions of a so-called ‘new simplicity’.
		Schnittke found that the piece is quite suitable for concert performance, in spite of the fact that its structure is so simple: just two phrases, thirty melodic sounds and about five minutes in duration.
		The other work on this disc, Minnesang (1980-81), was written for fifty-two voices (eighteen sopranos, twelve altos, ten tenors and twelve basses).
	www.hyperion-records.co.uk /notes/67297.html (1163 words)

	sca_arts_illudocu1
		The original idea was only to write a poem in the style of the German Minnesang.
		However, after the poem was written, the question of an adequate presentation arose, and after some research of period forms of presentation, it became clear that the only suitable form would be that of the two great medieval German “Liederhandschriften”.
		In fact, in those times, the poems were mostly presented in the form of a song..
	home.arcor.de /mustangace/sca_arts_illudocu1.htm (1617 words)

	MINNESINGERS (Ger. Min... - Online Information article about MINNESINGERS (Ger. Min... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		winter andc., the commonplaces of Minnesang throughout the two centuries of its existence.
		Haupt, Des Minnesangs Friihling (3rd ed., edited F..
		Pfaff, Der Minnesang der 12 bis 14 Jahrhunderts, pt.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /MIC_MOL/MINNESINGERS_Ger_Minnesinger_fr.html (1849 words)

	Introduction: translating Walther von der Vogelweide
		A related source of tension arises from the two worlds he inhabited: the courtly world of hierarchy, status, and subtle codes of behaviour, and the raw, unpatterned, scrounging world outside the court, where life was unpredictable, and survival far from assured.
		Then again, he confronts the aesthetic and imaginative differences between two very different kinds of poetic expression: the Minnesang (songs celebrating the refined, courtly love of a man for a lady whose beauty and excellence seem far beyond his grasp) and the Sprüche (realistic poetry of terse, direct, popular utterance).
		Even within the Minnesang tradition, indeed, he bears witness to contrasts, as the chivalric fiction of the unattainable lady and unrequited love begins to dissolve into the greater realism of love as partnership and mutual support.
	www.tclt.org.uk /walther_intro.htm (2007 words)

	Stephen Layton
		For Voices of Nature, shimmering vibraphone melts in to perfectly intoned women's voices after the velvet, bass-bolstered resonance of the Concert's final bars, and the 52-part textures of Minnesang, amore acquired taste, are effortlessly sculpted.
		Stephen Layon's abilities as a choral trainer and conductor have been recognised with a Gramophone Award and a series of prestigeous appointments, including director of the Netherlands Radio Choir.
		Minnesang is a clear precursor of the Choir Concerto, both technically and musically, with the 52 voices honed with intense precision to powerful effect.
	www.stephenlayton.com /recordings/schnittke.html (2063 words)

	Hausarbeiten.de - Der Wandel der Liebeskonzepte vom frühen bis zum hohen Minnesang - Hauptseminararbeit
		Hausarbeiten.de - Der Wandel der Liebeskonzepte vom frühen bis zum hohen Minnesang - Hauptseminararbeit
		Auch ist der Minnesang stets an den gesellschaftlichen Akt der Aufführung vor einem bestimmten inszenierten und einem realen Publikum gebunden.
		10 Hensel, Andreas: Vom frühen Minnesang zur Lyrik der Hohen Minne.
	www.hausarbeiten.de /zeit/vorschau/41834.html (1064 words)

	Middle High German Period (1050-1300) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		One of the best known developments during this period was the Minnesang.
		The Minnesang was "the German tradition of courtly lyric and secular monophony that flourished in the 12th to the 14th centuries.
		There were six general types of Minnesang: Minnelied- the man's expression of love; Frauenlied- the woman's song; Wechsel- in which the lovers 'exchange' their views; the Tagelied- like the Provençal Alba, the parting of the lovers at dawn; Tanzlied- dance song; Kreuzlied- crusading song.
	www.usd.edu /~Eric.J.Mosterd/deutsch/literatur/projekt/middle-high.html (296 words)

	Learn more about Minnesang in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Learn more about Minnesang in the online encyclopedia.
		Enter a phrase or search word in the box below.
		Hint: Play with putting spaces before and after your words to see the different results you get.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /m/mi/minnesang.html (328 words)

	Schnittke: Choir Concerto, Minnesang & Voices of Nature
		At first he planned to write an instrumental piece (intended for his third violin concerto) based on songs by the minnesingers, but he later rejected this idea and decided to keep these vocal melodies for vocal music.
		The result is Minnesang (1980/81) for 52 voices (18 sopranos, 12 altos, 10 tenors and 12 basses).
		The third work on the disc is the haunting and evocative Voices of Nature, from 1972.
	www.hyperion-records.co.uk /details/67297.asp (540 words)

	Database: Ge4: Section B: Theme of Question
		The distinctiveness of Walther's minnesang results from his ability to insinuate his individual activity and existence into the conventional theme of love.
		A constant feature of the oeuvre of Heinrich von Morungen is the emphasis placed on the poet on the visual and the act of vision.
		The poet of the 'Nibelungenlied' was not a botcher or a patcher of tradition; the work is his attempt at dialogue with the heroic tradition.
	www.mml.cam.ac.uk /aspects/assets/mjf50/DATABASE/datagbt.html (896 words)

	Medieval
		Several versions were tried before a notation equal to the task of clearly displaying both the length and duration of the notes was devised.
		The following is a list of important composers whose names are known from the medieval period.
		The tradition of the troubadors, trouvères, and minnesang
	www.it-careernet.com /piano/medieval.htm (253 words)

	Later Medieval Literature (c.1230-1500)
		Although the Nibelungenlied continued to be popular, the only original work in the tradition was the Gedicht vom Hürnen Seyfried, a thirteenth century work extant only in a sixteenth-century printed version.
		Lyric poetry continued to be composed in the «Minnesang» tradition, and much of it is nothing more than variations on the clichés of this type of poetry.
		The more interesting poets—Steinmar (c.1250-1300), Gottfried von Neifen (fl.1234-55)— follow the tradition of Neidhart von Reuental in parodying the «Minnesang» by giving it a peasant background.
	www.nd.edu /~gantho/anth354-532/LaterMedLit364-367.html (1180 words)

	Minnesang - Life and Culture - German Archive: Minnesang was the tradition of lyric and song writing in Germany which ...
		Minnesang - Life and Culture - German Archive: Minnesang was the tradition of lyric and song writing in Germany which flourished in the 12th century and continued into the 14th century.
		By around 1190, the German poets began to break free of Franco-Provencal influence.
		At least two operas have been written about the Minnesang tradition: Richard Wagner's Tannhäuser and Richard Strauss' Guntram.
	www.germannotes.com /archive/article.php?products_id=652 (725 words)

	Hausarbeiten.de - Die Transformation des geschlossenen Systems Minnesang in das offene System Neidhart - Seminararbeit
		Minnesang“ und Neidhart“ werden dabei als Systeme betrachtet, da sich so sehr gut beobachten lässt, wie aus dem berechenbaren Genre des Minnesangs in den Liedern Neidharts plötzlich eine Dichtung entstand, die mittels Selbstironie, Selbstreferenz und Vieldeutigkeit geradezu modern“ zu nennen ist.
		Demnach erscheint eine Bezeichnung des Minnesangs als System irritierend, da dieser schließlich zu einer Zeit stattfand, in der die Kunst selber noch gar nicht als System ausdifferenziert war.
		Titzmann benutzt den Begriff allerdings in freier Interpretation und bezeichnet damit die klar vorgegebenen „Grenzwerte“6 und Normen, denen der Minnesang unterworfen war.
	www.hausarbeiten.de /zeit/vorschau/26147.html (886 words)

	GERST 405 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		After a brief introduction to the medieval universe and constructions of the self, we will read representative texts of twelfth- and thirteenth-century courtly culture.
		Using the main genres of aristocratic self-representation, the heroic epic (Nibelungenlied), Arthurian romance (Iwein), and the lyric (Minnesang), discussions will focus on the court as the locus of conflicting forces in the rise of secular culture.
		We will examine such issues as the first vernacular constructions of social and sexual identity, generational conflicts within the communal/dynastic order, the rise of individualism (the chivalric quest), and subjectivity (the love lyric).
	www.people.cornell.edu /pages/abg3/Art405.htm (462 words)

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