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Topic: Minority governments in Canada

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	CBC - Canada Votes 2006 - Leaders and Parties
		A minority government is one that emerges from an election with fewer seats in the House of Commons than the combined total of all other parties.
		For this reason, minority governments are usually short-lived unless they gain the support of another party through the establishment of a coalition that guarantees support on non-confidence motions.
		The government had become embroiled in the debate over whether or not Canada should have nuclear weapons as part of a continental defence shield (he was against the idea).
	www.cbc.ca /canadavotes/leadersparties/parties/minority.html (903 words)

	Minority governments in Canada - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The twelfth federal minority government was elected in the 2006 election.
		Canada's first minority government was a result of the rise of the Progressive Party in western Canada.
		On November 28, the government was defeated by a margin of 171 to 133, having been defeated by the united Opposition forces (Conservatives, NDP, and Bloc Québecois.) In the early morning of November 29, 2005, Martin went to Governor General Michaëlle Jean to ask for the dissolution of parliament and a January 23, 2006 election.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Minority_governments_in_Canada (1926 words)

	Minority government - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A minority government or a minority cabinet is a cabinet of a parliamentary system formed by the leading political party when it has won a plurality but not a majority of seats in the parliament.
		Minority governments ruled Canada from 1921 to 1930, 1957 to 1958, 1962 to 1968, 1972 to 1974, 1979 to 1980.
		Minority governments are more common in countries using proportional representation systems, where it seldom occurs that one single party wins a majority of their own.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Minority_government (973 words)

	Politics of Canada - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Canada is a constitutional monarchy and a Commonwealth Realm (see Monarchy in Canada) with a federal system of parliamentary government, and strong democratic traditions.
		Canada's Parliament consists of the monarch and a bicameral legislature: an elected House of Commons and an appointed Senate.
		Minority government situations in Canada may become somewhat difficult to manage though, as in the past there were only three parties that had a significant number of seats in parliament (fourth parties were at times represented in small numbers), although the third party has changed over time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics_of_Canada (5703 words)

	Canada - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Canada in World War II Despite Mackenzie King's previous vacillation over giving aid to Britain in time of crisis and his insistence on parliamentary approval, there was little doubt of Canada's resolve in 1939 to join the Allies.
		The governor general was authorized to sign treaties on the advice of the government of Canada alone, and the power to amend the Canadian constitution in matters lying solely within federal jurisdiction was transferred from the British Parliament to the Canadian Parliament.
		Canada was experiencing an economic boom: industry was expanding rapidly, aided by a rising immigration rate, and the whole face of the country was changing.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Canada (4111 words)

	Minority Government
		When one party is not strong enough to secure the confidence of parliament, there is a minority government and the incumbent government continues unless it resigns or is disposed of in a vote of non confidence in the government.
		Minority governments have happened throughout history but this election, according to the polls, will see the first minority government at the federal level since the Right Honourable Joseph Clark’s Progressive Conservative minority of 1979-1980.
		In the early days of Canada before it was joined in confederation with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Canada suffered from many minority governments and instability due to the fact that bills had to be passed with a majority of both assemblies, that of Canada East (Quebec) and that of Canada West (Ontario).
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/3586/109466 (364 words)

	Eye - Governing in a minor chord - 06.24.04
		A minority government is, according to the polls, the expected result of the June 28 vote.
		A Liberal minority that would depend on the NDP for support (like Trudeau's in '72) could be a dream government, the centrist but often arrogant party of pragmatic opportunists tempered and inspired by the conscience of parliament.
		A Conservative minority, on the other hand, unable to cooperate with the Liberals (their sworn enemies forever and ever, amen) would be forced to depend on the leftist NDP and socially progressive BQ for support.
	www.eye.net /eye/issue/issue_06.24.04/op/editorial.html (592 words)

	Ottawa Sun Columnist: Val Sears - Minority rules over a divided House
		Pierre Trudeau was shocked to find his government in a minority position in 1972 but managed a two-year term with enough left-wing policies to keep the support of the NDP.
		Joe Clark's minority government of 1979 -- the last for 25 years -- made the classic mistake of trying to govern as if they had a majority.
		Minority benefits include a greater responsiveness to the views of private members; more accountability to the opposition for the government's actions and a greater transparency as the government must be in constant communication with the opposition and the public to explain their legislative behaviour.
	www.canoe.ca /NewsStand/Columnists/Ottawa/Val_Sears/2004/07/06/pf-526281.html (616 words)

	Election Resources on the Internet: Federal Elections in Canada - Elections to the House of Commons
		Martin's minority government went on to narrowly survive a confidence vote over the federal budget in May 2005, but in November 2005 the three opposition parties joined forces to bring down the government and force an early general election.
		Although both the government and the National Assembly of Quebec rejected the agreements under which the Canada Act was passed and denounced the political legitimacy of the Constitution Act, 1982, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that the province was legally bound by the Act.
		The Parliament of Canada consists of a lower chamber, the House of Commons, whose members are directly elected by universal adult suffrage for a maximum term of five years, and an upper chamber, the Senate, whose members are appointed on a provincial basis and may hold office until they are 75 years of age.
	electionresources.org /ca (2310 words)

	Mapleleafweb.com: Minority Government in Canada - A Backgrounder
		It is generally the case that a majority government, in which one political party holds the majority of seats in the House of Commons, governs Canada.
		There have, however, been several instances of minority government in Canadian history, in which no political party emerges from an election with a clear majority.
		In these cases, the governing party is forced to negotiate with opposition parties in order to make government work.
	www.mapleleafweb.com /features/democracy/minority (224 words)

	Election 2004
		Not elected for a specific "term" in office, the Cabinet governs from the moment the prime minister is sworn in until he or she resigns or dies.
		Such a government is known as a minority, because it does not automatically enjoy the support of most members in the House.
		Canada's first experience with minority government illustrated a number of weaknesses now widely acknowledged as typical of the power arrangement.
	www.ctv.ca /servlet/ArticleNews/mini/CTVNews/1087518862426_82928062?s_name=election2004&no_ads= (1832 words)

	Conservative Victory in Canada May Bring Warmer Ties with US -- GOPUSA
		The Conservatives were set to lead a minority government, increasing their share of the popular vote by nearly seven percent from the 2004 election to take more than 36 percent, according to provisional results from Elections Canada, an independent body set up by parliament.
		Minority governments in Canada last on average only 18 months, as was the case with the one led by Martin.
		The Conservative leader, whose habit of ending his speeches with "God bless Canada" irked his liberal opponents, is expected -- within the constraints dictated by minority government status -- to shift Canada closer to the Bush administration after five years marked by tense exchanges between the neighbors.
	www.gopusa.com /news/2006/january/0124_canada_us.shtml (570 words)

	Jeremy Brendan -- My Life as a Reptile: Liberals Win Minority Gov't: NDP Will Hold Balance of Power
		They've already ruled out a coalition government but if they want the NDP to vote in step with their proposals, they'll have to give the New Democrats a reason to play along.
		Harper may also have a new cross to bear; his own party may question his ability to ever beat the Liberals, a party that was tainted with the stench of corruption arising from their role in the Sponsorship Scandal but who still won in the end.
		Canada has never had one voice; we are a chorus of varying tones and pitches, with nobody rising above the din to negate everyone else.
	jeremybrendan.blogspot.com /2004/06/liberals-win-minority-govt-ndp-will.html (686 words)

	Sympatico / MSN : News : CTV.ca: Martin defies skeptics with strong minority win
		Short of a majority, however, they'll be governing as a minority in a fractured Parliament.
		He also said he was up to the challenge of a minority government.
		The nine minority governments that Canada has seen have never lasted longer than two years, limited by their ability to get bills passed.
	sympaticomsn.ctv.ca /servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/1088468206959_4?hub=topstories (857 words)

	2004 Canadian Elections - A Tight Race (Russell.com)
		Minority governments in Canada can cause uncertainty in the markets because they have been rare and prone to be short-lived.
		For example, there have only been two minority governments in the past 30 years, when Pierre Trudeau's Liberals were in power in 1972 and when Joe Clark's Conservatives held office in 1979.
		Finally, a minority government would not come as a surprise to many investors, since expectation of such a development has already been priced into the markets.
	www.russell.com /ca/Education_Centre/Article_Library/Market_Analysis/2004/2004_CDN_Elections.asp (784 words)

	TheStar.com - A brief history of minority rule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Whether the country faces a full-blown constitutional crisis such as it did during the 1926 King-Byng affair or whether the government falls in a vote of non-confidence, as happened to Joe Clark's Tories in 1979, what remains clear about minority governments is this: Hold on to your hat and dust off that old civics textbook.
		Acute awareness of the conditions in Parliament is key to a government's survival, and in a minority situation, it is imperative that party leaders be tuned in to the workings of Parliament.
		In 1958, after nearly six months of minority governing, Diefenbaker, one of the country's finest campaigners, turned the Grits' bumbling and his good news legislative agenda into the largest majority government in Canadian history to that date, winning 208 of 265 seats in the House.
	www.thestar.com /NASApp/cs/ContentServer?pagename=thestar/Layout/Article_Type1&c=Article&cid=1088460610558&call_pageid=968256290204&col=968350116795&tacodalogin=no (1422 words)

	Fruits and Votes » Canada
		This is what is meant by the term, minority government, as opposed to a majority government (one party having over 50% of the seats) or a coalition (two or more parties sharing executive and legislative power and dividing up the cabinet ministerial portfolios among themselves).
		Minority governments in a half century of Canadian elections grafted [...] Alan: The powers of governors-general, governors and lieutenant-governors are fairly uniform in all Commonwealth realms.
		Canada’s Conservatives have a 10-point lead over the ruling Liberal Party — their widest so far in the campaign — putting the party on track for a majority government, a new poll showed on Wednesday.
	fruitsandvotes.com /?cat=35 (9136 words)

	[No title]
		"Minority means we have to be constructive, and we have to be working together and finding common ground," deputy Conservative leader Peter MacKay told CTV.
		Traditional wisdom dictates that minority governments in Canada usually last between a year and 18 months.
		"With a minority, you're going to have perhaps less concern in the market that a government is going to ram through a fiscal platform that potentially could endanger the surplus if times became tough," said Andrew Pyle, senior economist at Scotia Capital in Toronto.
	today.reuters.com /business/newsarticle.aspx?type=tnBusinessNews&storyID=nN23284236&imageid=&cap (640 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Minority governments in Canada usually last around 18 months.
		The government, which also promises to keep the budget in surplus, will outline its plans in the so-called Speech from the Throne at 3.25 p.m.
		Then the government will have to gain approval for its first budget, widely expected to be presented in late April or early May. Continued...
	ca.today.reuters.com /news/newsArticle.aspx?type=domesticNews&storyID=2006-04-03T122442Z_01_N02238710_RTRIDST_0_CANADA-POLITICS-COL.XML (440 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Canada / Canadian PM Takes Big Risk, Calls June 28 Election (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Liberals, badly hit by a patronage scandal that erupted in February, concede they will need to fight a flawless campaign to avoid slipping into a minority in what pollsters say is shaping up to be the tightest election in 25 years.
		Minority governments in Canada rarely last more than two years.
		Harper said Martin had presided over an "unprecedented record of mismanagement, waste and corruption" and said the election was designed to cover up the extent of the scandal.
	www.boston.com /news/world/canada/articles/2004/05/23/canadian_pm_takes_big_risk_calls_june_28_election (738 words)

	IOL: Canada's new government set to survive test
		Minority governments in Canada tend to last around 18 months, and Harper was elected only in January.
		"Leading change in a minority Parliament means working together," the government said in a policy speech that acknowledged the problems faced by a minority government.
		Canada has had two elections in less than two years and there is no appetite among voters to go to the polls again.
	www.iol.co.za /index.php?set_id=1&click_id=3&art_id=qw1144188720151B253 (682 words)

	FX Claim Martin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Paul Martin's Liberals won a minority government in Canada as a result of a general election held on June 28, 2004.
		The average duration of a Canadian minority government is 1 year, 5 months and 27 days.
		This claim is based on whether Paul Martin's Liberal minority will be able to last longer than the average life of a minority government.
	www.ideosphere.com /fx-bin/Claim?claim=Martin (185 words)

	Mapleleafweb.com: Minority Government in Canada - What Have Minority Governments Accomplished?
		There have been several cases of minority governments in Canadian history and, in some instances, these governments have passed important and controversial pieces of legislation.
		In 1925, Mackenzie King’s Liberal minority government agreed to implement old age pension legislation to keep the support of Progressive and Labour party MPs.
		The Pearson minority government also negotiated the 1965 Canada-United States Automotive Agreement (Auto Pact) and gave Canada its present-day national flag (the red and white maple leaf).
	www.mapleleafweb.com /features/democracy/minority/accomplished.html (196 words)

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