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 | | Its location by the border gave it great importance as a strategic point of defence and, in the twelfth century, the first king of Portugal, D. Afonso Henriques, ordered a castle to be built there together with the town walls, which transformed the settlement into a genuine stronghold. |
 | | In the seventeenth century, with the wars fought to restore Portuguese independence from Spain, and later during the French invasions, the city suffered a number of major reverses and lost much of its former importance. |
 | | Nowadays, Miranda do Douro is well known for its lively and colourful folklore - the Pauliteiros de Miranda, dressed in their traditional white flannel kilts, perform their famous stick dance to the sound of bagpipes. |
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