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Topic: Miranda rights

	Miranda warning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1963, Ernesto Miranda was arrested for robbery, kidnapping, and rape.
		It is important to note that the caution in England and Wales does not explicitly require that a suspect affirms that he or she understands the caution, and many law enforcement staff do not ask this to prevent a recalcitrant suspect from delaying the investigation by wilfully claiming not to understand the caution.
		Among these rights are: the possibility of warning a relative or employer of the custody, that of asking to be examined by a physician, that of discussing the case with an attorney.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Miranda_warning (2054 words)

	Miranda v. Arizona - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Miranda was convicted of rape and kidnapping and sentenced to 20 to 30 years on both charges.
		Following the Miranda decision, the nation's police departments were required to inform arrested persons of their rights under the ruling, termed a Miranda warning.
		Miranda was undermined by several subsequent decisions which seemed to grant several exceptions to the "Miranda warnings", undermining its claim to be necessary corollary of the Fifth Amendment.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Miranda_v._Arizona (1724 words)

	Background Summary and Questions***, Miranda v. Arizona, Landmark Supreme Court Cases
		Miranda was arrested after a crime victim identified him in a police lineup.
		Miranda was charged with rape and kidnapping and interrogated for two hours while in police custody.
		In 1964, after Miranda's arrest, the Court ruled that when an accused person is denied the right to consult with his attorney, his or her Sixth Amendment right to counsel is violated (Escobedo v.
	www.landmarkcases.org /miranda/background3.html (672 words)

	Miranda Rights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Miranda, who was never offered a lawyer, confessed not only to the $8.00 theft, but also to kidnapping and raping an 18-year-old woman 11 days earlier.
		You have the right to remain silent.The Court: "At the outset, if a person in custody is to be subjected to interrogation, he must first be informed in clear and unequivocal terms that he has the right to remain silent."2.
		You have the right to have an attorney present now and during any future questioning.The Court: "...the right to have counsel present at the interrogation is indispensable to the protection of the Fifth Amendment privilege under the system we delineate today.
	www.amicuss.net /history/ah_2/1960s/miranda.html (800 words)

	Law Cuts Into Miranda Rights
		Miranda rights were established in 1966 when the Supreme Court ruled in Miranda v.
		Miranda rights are a simple and effective way to ensure that incriminating evidence provided by the defendant was given willingly.
		Without Miranda, courts would be forced to look at each confession and examine the circumstances surrounding it, to determine how aware the suspect might have been of their option to keep their mouths shut.
	www.brunchma.com /~acsumama/com/com042800.html (763 words)

	Miranda v. Arizona -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Illinois,, a case which closely foreshadowed Miranda, held that defendants in custody had a right to consult with their attorneys, even before they were indicted.
		Following the Miranda decision, the nation's police departments were forced to inform arrested persons of their rights under the ruling, termed a (additional info and facts about Miranda warning) Miranda warning.
		The Miranda decision was widely criticized when it came down, as many felt it was unfair to provide accused criminals with the type of protections outlined in the decision.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/m/mi/miranda_v._arizona.htm (1944 words)

	When Should You Read Someone Their Miranda Rights? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Miranda warnings are a list of warnings that the officer must advise, either in writing or verbally, to a person before questioning.
		You have a right to talk to a lawyer and have him present with you while you are being questioned.
		For the purposes of the Miranda warnings advisory, "custody" is an arrest or when freedom is significantly deprived to be equivalent to an arrest.
	coplaw.home.att.net /articles/miranda.htm (974 words)

	Miranda Guitars - Home
		Miranda guitars are designed with the needs of the serious acoustic guitarist and guitar student in mind.
		Miranda guitar’s neck parameters are targeted to the midrange of the quality acoustic instruments to which they correspond.
		Miranda guitars are based on a totally new principle of construction that makes them feel as solid as an acoustic guitar.
	www.miranda-tech.com (612 words)

	The Miranda Warning - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net
		Many of the rights in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, such as habeas corpus, the right to remain silent, and the right to an attorney, are designed to ensure that those accused of a crime are assured of those rights.
		In 1963, Ernesto Miranda was accused of kidnapping and raping an 18-year-old, mildly retarded woman.
		As for Ernesto Miranda, his conviction was thrown out, though he did not become a free man. The police had other evidence that was independent of the confession, and when Miranda was tried a second time, he was convicted again.
	www.usconstitution.net /miranda.html (691 words)

	USATODAY.com - High court to debate Miranda rights, again (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Miranda, they say, requires police to give warnings to suspects only if a confession is going to be used by the prosecution at trial.
		The Miranda warning, a staple of TV police dramas, may have become "embedded in the popular culture," as Chief Justice William Rehnquist wrote in a 2000 ruling upholding Miranda.
		The court has said the Miranda warning must be given in a suspect's own language, and when a suspect is a friend of the arresting officer, but not when public safety would be threatened if police stop to read a rampaging criminal his rights.
	www.usatoday.com /news/washington/2003-12-07-miranda-usat_x.htm (2647 words)

	MIRANDA VERSUS THE STATE OF ARIZONA. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		On appeal, Miranda’s lawyers pointed out that the police had never told him that he had the right to be represented by a lawyer, and that he could remain silent if he wished to do so.
		These rights are designed to ensure that everyone has the right to due process of the law, that states that a person's rights, liberty, and property cannot be violated without a proper trial.
		As shown in the Miranda case, a person may get away with no punishment, even if the accused confesses to the crime, if the police do not read that person his five rights and privileges that are supposed to ensure the due process of the law stated in Amendment number five in the American constitution.
	www.geocities.com /TimesSquare/1848/miranda.html (1102 words)

	Right to Remain Silent, Miranda Rights
		After two hours in a police interrogation room Miranda signed a written confession, but he apparently never was told that he had the right to remain silent, to have a lawyer, and to be protected against self-incrimination.
		In a landmark ruling issued in 1966, the court established that the accused have the right to remain silent and that prosecutors may not use statements made by defendants while in police custody unless the police have advised them of their rights.
		Miranda died in 1976 at age 34 after being stabbed during an argument in a bar.
	www.hmichaelsteinberg.com /yourmirandarights.htm (675 words)

	Miranda Rights - Thomas J. Tomko and Associates, P.C.
		You may be somewhat familiar with "Miranda Rights," and whether or not they were read to you may be significant your case.
		The current state of the law as it concerns "Miranda Rights" is always changing, and even now the United States Supreme Court is considering changes to required Miranda Rights.
		The exact word of Miranda Rights are not as important as the ideas included in the reading of those rights.
	www.tjtomkolaw.com /miranda-rights.html (303 words)

	Do Miranda Rights Create a Loophole for Criminals?
		The controversial Miranda rule requires law enforcement officers to inform criminal suspects of their right to have legal counsel and of their right against self-incrimination.
		After Miranda was first adopted, the number of voluntary confessions fell dramatically, as did the rate of convictions and crimes solved.
		Miranda was re-tried and later convicted based on the testimony of a former girlfriend he had confessed to.
	speakout.com /activism/issue_briefs/1148b-1.html (636 words)

	Miranda Rights and Decisions
		Invoking the Miranda Right to Counsel: The Defendant's Burden
		Recognizing that the design of the rule in Miranda was to protect individuals from the psychologically compelling effects of custodial interrogation, the court determined that the rule served no purpose unless the individual attempting to invoke it was in custody and being subjected to interrogation at the time of the invocation.
		Because the "interaction of custody and official interrogation"21 was absent, the court concluded that the defendant's "Miranda right to counsel had simply not attached when [he] signed the invocation form in his cell,"22 and therefore, the attempted invocation was ineffective.
	www.emergency.com /miranda.htm (2054 words)

	ipedia.com: Miranda v. Arizona Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Miranda is one of many cases during the Warren Court era which deals with ensuring the fairness of the application of the laws of the United States to everyone, regardless of social status.
		Miranda was intimidated by the interrogation and did not understand that he had the right not to incriminate himself and the right to have counsel, and they overturned his conviction.
		There is a growing public perception in the US that Miranda simply serves as a vehicle for releasing criminals from prison based on a "technicality." It is difficult to determine how many criminal defendants who could be convicted are instead acquitted due to Miranda, but the number is probably small.
	www.ipedia.com /miranda_v__arizona.html (452 words)

	High Court Upholds Miranda Rights, 7-2 (washingtonpost.com)
		In a 7 to 2 opinion written by Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, the high court ruled that the requirement that criminal suspects be read their "Miranda rights" is rooted in the Constitution and cannot be overturned by an act of Congress.
		Under its doctrine, criminal suspects are told that they have the right to remain silent, that anything they say can be used against them, that they have the right to an attorney during questioning and that if they cannot afford an attorney one will be provided for them.
		Rehnquist wrote that it is clear that the original Miranda majority "thought it was announcing a constitutional rule" and that subsequent Supreme Court opinions that recognized exceptions to the Miranda rule did not change that.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A64902-2000Jun26¬Found=true (1443 words)

	Miranda Law and Self-Incrimination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		However, a violation of Miranda law, in itself, is not grounds for an acquittal nor a reversal of conviction.
		Miranda warnings are not required when suspect is unaware he is speaking to a law enforcement official.
		Statutory law 3501 made the giving of Miranda warnings but one factor, among many, in determining if a confession is admissible, and more importantly, made the violation of any one factor, including the absence of Miranda warnings, acceptable in terms of getting the confession admitted on grounds of voluntariness.
	faculty.ncwc.edu /toconnor/miranda.htm (3840 words)

	Miranda Rights
		In those instances where the victim has waived his Miranda Rights, unwinding the damage and achieving justice for that victim is almost impossible.
		You have the right to an attorney during interrogation; if you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed to you.
		Invoking your Rights is not an admission of guilt.
	www.fraudaid.com /How-To-Deal-With-Having-Been-Conned/miranda_rights.htm (1565 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Police Tactic to Sidestep Miranda Rights Rejected
		The Supreme Court ruled yesterday that police officers may not deliberately avoid warning suspects of their right to remain silent before beginning questioning, asserting that a law enforcement tactic of interrogating suspects twice -- before reading them their rights and then after -- undermines the familiar Miranda right.
		The 5 to 4 decision affirms the rights of suspects not to speak to investigators and is intended to end what the court said was an increasing police practice of twice questioning suspects in the hope of eliciting a confession.
		Arizona, which first established "the right to remain silent." The Justices upheld Miranda in 2000, declaring that the Constitution requires police to inform suspects of their right not to answer questions and have attorneys present before interrogations can proceed.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A11895-2004Jun28?language=printer (994 words)

	USATODAY.com - Timing crucial issue in 'Miranda' rights case (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fellers maintains that his constitutional rights were violated during the interview at his home and then again when he talked to police at the jail after being advised of his rights.
		The worker was never told of his Miranda right to remain silent, and he says a sergeant kept questioning him even after he said that he did not want to answer.
		The question before the court in that case is whether the worker may sue the officer for damages on grounds that his constitutional right against self-incrimination was violated.
	www.usatoday.com /news/washington/2003-03-10-scotus-miranda_x.htm (678 words)

	You Have the Right
		When Ernesto Miranda was arrested and questioned by the police, the information he gave them was used against him at his trial.
		Miranda appealed, claiming that his rights were violated.
		You have a right to a lawyer before speaking to me, to remain silent until you can talk to him or her, and to have your lawyer present when you are being questioned.
	www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0769460.html (248 words)

	CNN.com - Supreme Court reaffirms that police must read Miranda rights to criminal suspects - June 26, 2000
		In a 7-2 vote decision, the nation's highest court refused to strike down the Miranda decision and replace it with a 1968 federal law that allowed suspects' voluntary confessions to be admitted in court even if they had not been apprised of their Miranda rights.
		In the Miranda decision, the court ruled Ernesto Miranda's confession could not be used because he was not made aware of his rights when charged with kidnap and rape.
		Whether he was read his rights before the second statement was the point of contention that led to the court battle over the constitutional question.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/LAW/06/26/miranda.01 (1416 words)

	Miranda Rights
		The 6-3 opinion undercuts the well-known "Miranda warnings," in which officers tell suspects of their right to remain silent.
		The 1993 law was intended to apply to all but the smallest employers and most specialized jobs, and to guarantee the same rights to both male and female employees.
		The rights of private-sector workers were not at issue in Tuesday's case, but supporters of the law said exempting state government workers would seriously undercut the law.
	www.enki3d.com /paper/june_issue2_2003/rights/miranda_rights.htm (1650 words)

	Boston.com / News / Nation / Justices question interrogation tactic
		A second round -- supposedly valid because rights warnings would be given before it begins -- would seek to exploit the "cat being out of the bag" and produce a confession that could be used at trial.
		In both cases, what appeared to be a majority of the court seemed skeptical in reacting to public defenders' arguments that the police tactics at issue would seriously undercut Miranda rights.
		In questioning her about the death of a mentally ill youth living with her family, police deliberately avoided warning her of her rights, leading to a confession about a plot to burn up the youth in the family trailer.
	www.boston.com /news/nation/articles/2003/12/10/justices_question_interrogation_tactic (845 words)

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