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	Mischling - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mischling ("[someone of] mixed [ancestry]" in German) was the German term used during the Third Reich era in the German Empire to denote persons deemed to have partial Jewish ancestry.
		Luftwaffe builder Erhard Milch (who had a Jewish father) would have been a 1st degree Mischling but was reclassified as Aryan based on (dubious at best) evidence that he was the biological offspring of his mother's non-Jewish lover.
		The SS used a more stringent standard: In order to join, a candidate had to prove (presumably, through baptismal records) that all direct ancestors born since 1750 were not Jewish, or they could apply for a German Blood Certificate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mischling (466 words)

	Mischling - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		(Conversely, a person with three Gentile grandparents but a Jewish maternal grandmother would be considered a Mischling of the 2nd degree by the Nazis but a Jew according to Jewish law.)
		Requests for reclassification (e.g., Jew as Mischling 1st degree, 1st degree as 2nd degree) or Aryanization (see German Blood Certificate) were personally reviewed by Adolf Hitler himself (y"sh).
		Mischling, See also, External Sites, Anti-Semitism, German legal history, Jewish German history and Nazi Germany.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Mischling (405 words)

	Problems in the Definition of the Jews
		Answer: The girl, actually half-Aryan, is not a Mischling [mixed race], but is without any doubt regarded as Jewish religious community in the sense of the law because she belonged to the Jewish religious community on the deadline date, i.e., 15th September 1935; subsequent conversion does not alter this status in any way.
		The husband - a first degree Mischling - is likewise regarded as a Jew since he married a statutory Jew.
		Answer: The man is a Jew according to the Nuremberg Laws because of the one grandparent who was of the Jewish religion; this grandparent is assumed to have been a full Jew and this assumption cannot be contested.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Holocaust/JewDef.html (362 words)

	Divided Lives - Press Releases and Newspaper Articles
		Though generally escaping the harsh treatment Nazis accorded those they considered "full" Jews, mischlinge were ostracized, mistreated and sometimes suffered the loss of a Jewish family member in a concentration camp.
		Crane's father was labeled a mischling and frequently beaten at school because of his "half-Jewish" status.
		The father of one of the mischling women she spoke with was classified as mentally ill by the Nazis and "euthanized." Another woman's Jewish grandmother committed suicide rather than face deportation to a concentration camp and, later, her mother was taken to Theresienstadt.
	www.dividedlives.com /am-israelite12-7-00.html (618 words)

	Yale Bulletin and Calendar
		After the film, Millies told Rigg that he himself was a "Mischling" (a person of mixed, partially Jewish ancestry) who had served in the Wehrmacht, the German army.
		A person with two Jewish grandparents was considered a Mischling (or mixed race) individual of the first degree.
		It was easier for Mischling to falsify their Jewish heritage, he said.
	www.yale.edu /opa/v30.n28/story4.html (748 words)

	Movie Info for Toxi on MSN Movies
		Referred to as "mischlings," these children were often treated as outcasts because of their illegitimacy and skin color.
		One such mischling is Toxi (played by herself), who is sent to live with her American father when her mother dies.
		By concentrating on a highly fictionalized plotline, Toxi tends to ignore the thousands of other mischlings whose lives are far more complex and tragic than that of the film's central character.
	entertainment.msn.com /movies/movie.aspx?m=38104 (157 words)

	The Chronicle: Colloquy Live Transcript
		Those "partial-Jews" who misbehaved were indeed sometimes treated more harshly than had they been "Aryans." Many Mischling soldiers were warned by their parents to try not to attract any unusual attention whether positive or negative, fearing that any questions might endanger the Jewish relatives.
		The Mischlinge were actually called "Jewish Mischlinge," perhaps to distinguish them from an earlier application of the term Mischling to Germans with a parent of African descent.
		A few chapters discuss her brother who entered the German air force in large part to escape the stigma of being Jewish and who lived in great fear of being "discovered" (his commanding officer did find out he was part Jewish but never exposed him).
	chronicle.com /colloquylive/2002/05/rigg (5097 words)

	Mischling, Second Degree: My Childhood In Nazi Germany. - KOEHN, ILSE. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Mischling, Second Degree: My Childhood In Nazi Germany.
		ISBN: 0688801102 ¶ This is the story of a "Mischling, second degree," so designated by the Nazis because she had one Jewish grandmother, who did not learn until after the Nazi defeat and the toppling of Hitler...
		that she was if not a Jew, at least partly a Jew, a Mischling, second degree.
	www.antiqbook.com /boox/adi/3236X1.shtml (109 words)

	Rettungsversuch
		Ingrid was classed as a 'Mischling' (half-cast) first degree, Irene, because she had been born after 31st July 1936, as a 'full Jew' (Nurernberg Laws).
		In his efforts to have Irene declared a 'Mischling' it would have been an advantage to have had the father, August Landmesser, acknowledge paternity in a public declaration and pay maintenance for Irene.
		Supported by this acknowledgement, I shall endeavour to have this child, who like her elder sister, is of 5/8 Aryan blood, recognized as a 'Mischling'.
	www.fasena.de /courage/english/5e.htm (2170 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Mixed Signals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		And Nathan Stoltzfus has related in more moving detail the story of one strikingly handsome young man, whose photograph (which peers from the jacket of Rigg's book) appeared in the Nazi press with the caption "The Ideal German Soldier" -- and who was in fact half Jewish.
		Rigg's Mischling soldiers sometimes enlisted in order to protect Jewish family members, since even the SS tended to defer to regular soldiers when challenged.
		Some were appalled to find that one of their men was part-Jewish -- one Mischling was shot dead on the spot by his officer.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A2075-2002May23?language=printer (1263 words)

	Where Did Hitler Get The '6 Million'? - Page 5 - U.S. Politics Online: A Political Discussion Forum
		First degree Mischlings for whom the exception approvals for certain groups have been accorded previously by the highest authorities of the Party and the State.
		The first degree Mischling excepted from the evacuation is to be sterilized in order to prevent any offspring and to settle the Mischling problem once and for all.
		SS Gruppenfuehrer Hofmann is of the opinion that extensive use must be made of sterilization; particularly since the Mischling, when confronted with the choice as to whether he is to be evacuated or sterilized, would prefer to submit to sterilization.
	www.uspoliticsonline.com /forums/showthread.php?t=11563&page=5 (7383 words)

	German boys clothes: the NAZI era racial policies (1933-45) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		There were degrees of Mischling which were codified in law.
		Mischling first degree was anyone with two Jewish granparents.
		Mischling second degree was anyone with one Jewish grandparent.
	histclo.usanethosting.com /country/ger/chron/c20iwnrp.html (1211 words)

	Divided Lives - Narratives of the Mischling Women
		Ursula's grandmother felt she would have a better life in the afterworld, as she had fought and was exhausted in Hitler's world.
		Indeed, many Jewish and "Mischling" women did not own their own lives, so by taking their life, they reclaimed power over their destiny.
		Ursula was an "illegal" dancer during the Third Reich, and later became a theologian.
	www.dividedlives.com /bosselmann.html (999 words)

	Mischling Second Degree - Degree RU
		… with one (Mischling First Degree) and two (Mischling Second Degree) Jewish …; She was a Mischling Second Degree.
		… One Jewish grandparent - Mischling - second degree … For example, people classified as "Mischling second degree" were not necessarily deported.
		… but who did not belong to the Jewish religion and were not married to a Jew; a Mischling Second Degree was anyone descended from one Jewish grandparent.
	degree.ru.com /mischling-second-degree.html (383 words)

	[No title]
		The designations "Mischling of the first degree" and "Mischling of the second degree" were not contained in the decree of November 14, 1935, but were added in a later ruling by the Ministry of Interior.
		Here are the additional clauses, from Sept. 1, 1941: "At the time of the deportations, privileged status was consequently enjoyed in all cases by..." 1.) The Jewish parent of a Mischling child, regardless of the continuation of the marriage, and even if the only Mischling child had been killed in action.
		As Lucy Dawidowicz says in her book, THE WAR AGAINST THE JEWS, regarding these classifications of Jew, Mischlinge of the first degree, and Mishlinge of the second degree, "For the time being [1935] these distinctions affected marriage and offspring of that marriage.
	www.alara.net /xbooks/mischling.txt (1956 words)

	Lotte's story : Organized Antisemitism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		It did not matter at all if a persons ancestors had lived in Germany or Austria for countless generations, if he or she was a Jew it was counted as a different race regardless of whether or not they followed the Jewish religion.
		A Mischling First degree meant you were a half-jew.
		If my father who was a Mischling 1 Grades (click here to see the image (26kb)) would have married a woman who had Jewish parents irregardless if they changed their religion his offspring would have been counted as Jews.
	timewitnesses.org /english/~lotte4.html (319 words)

	THHP Questions: Definition of Jews by Nazis.
		The word "Mischling" roughly translates into English as "half-breed" or "mongrel".
		Those who suffered the most under the Final Solution were the Jews and the Mischling First Degree.
		This all probably seems strange since the Nazi hatred of the Jews was racially motivated, but the difficulty they had in identifying who was Jews and who wasn't, underscores the absurdity of the overall exercise in any case.
	www.holocaust-history.org /questions/definition.shtml (303 words)

	Mischling, Second Degree: My Childhood in Nazi Germany - Create Award Winning Booklists from our Award Winners Database ...
		Mischling, Second Degree: My Childhood in Nazi Germany - Create Award Winning Booklists from our Award Winners Database of over 1500 books.
		Click here to see how our subscribers are using Bookviews in their classrooms.
		Book Brief: The memoirs of a German girl who became a leader among the Hitler Youth while her Social Democratic family kept from her the secret of her partial Jewish heritage.
	www.literatureplace.com /awards/book.asp?BookID=375 (250 words)

	WL archive:835.html
		This copy letter from Hitler’s deputy, Martin Bormann, reports Hitler’s decision to continue employing Hans von Dohnanyi as a lawyer, despite being a second class Mischling.
		Hans von Dohnanyi was born in Vienna in January 1902, was a lawyer from 1929-1938.
		However he was not allowed to join the nazi party.
	www.wienerlibrary.co.uk /archive/archive835.html (149 words)

	Teenage Promotion - Mischling, Second Degree by Ilse Koehn
		Ilse Koehn was six years old in 1935 when, unknown to her, she became a Mischling, second degree citizen in Nazi Germany because her grandmother was Jewish.
		Ilse’s family did all they could to ensure that the secret would not be discovered.
		Finally, as the war closed in on Germany, Ilse returned to her family, but she sensed that there was some vague danger, some secret, in her past.
	www.clarelibrary.ie /eolas/library/services/book-promos/teenprom/ilsekoen.htm (98 words)

	West German movie depictions of boys clothing: The World That Summer Die Welt in jenem Sommer
		A child with one Jewish grandparent in 1935 was categorized as a Mischling, Second Degree.
		Partial Jews or Mischlings sometimes did participate, especially in the early years before it was clear what the NAZIs were doing.
		As a Mischling, Hannes would not have been able to continue his education after finishing primary school.
	histclo.com /the/movie/w/mg-wts.html (1789 words)

	Holocaust Lexicon
		The Hitlerian doctrine that sought to justify expansion of the German Reich.
		Nazi classification of persons who were neither "racial Jews" nor "Aryans." A Mischling, first degree, was a person with two Jewish grandparents who was not religiously affiliated with the Jewish community nor married to a Jew.
		Literally, "Moslem." Camp slang for a prisoner close to death, an "inmate whose skin was all that held his bones together," "whose will has been completely drained from [his] veins" (from Shivitti by Ka-Tzetnik 135633).
	www-english.tamu.edu /pers/fac/myers/holocaust_lexicon.html (2201 words)

	Divided Lives by Cynthia Crane
		The stories of the Mischling women in Divided Lives -- Hecht, Wecker, Yost, Wilmschen, Lorenzen, Randt, Ilse B., Wetzel, and Bosselmann -- display vividly the trauma these women endured during and after the Third Reich, and the coping mechanisms they sought after or adopted.
		The issues that the Mischling women faced can be bridged to the present in America.
		In a country verging sometimes on amorality, very often pushed by the media, we grasp at techniques such as dehumanization, stereotypes, and violence to talk about or act against "enemies." Do the same fears still predominate in human nature, those of needing to exterminate for racial cleansing, and the fear of the unknown?
	www.historyplace.com /bookshop/excerpt-mischlinge.htm (965 words)

	Shofar FTP Archives: places/germany/wannsee/wannsee.001
		(Witness the experience of history.) The first-degree Mischling [half-breeds] exempted from evacuation will be sterilized in order to obviate progeny and to settle the Mischling problem for good.
		The sterilized Mischling is subsequently free of all restrictive regulations to which he was previously subject.
		Secretary of State Dr. Buehler put on record that the Government-General [Poland] would welcome it if the final solution of this problem was begun in the Government-General, as, on the one hand, the question of transport there played no major role and considerations of labor supply would not hinder the course of this Aktion.
	www.vex.net /~nizkor/ftp.py?places/germany/wannsee/wannsee.001 (485 words)

	Mischling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
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	www.thecyberdog.com /mischling.htm (1267 words)

	Amazon.com: Profile for A. Powell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
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	www.amazon.com /gp/pdp/profile/A281OV0SU2M0IL (349 words)

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