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Topic: Mithridates IV of Parthia

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	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Parthia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Parthia was the arch-enemy of the Roman Empire in the East and it limited Rome's expansion beyond Cappadocia (central Anatolia).
		By 129 BCE the Parthians were in control of all the lands right to the Tigris River, and established their winter encampment at Ctesiphon on the banks of the Tigris downstream from modern Baghdad in the Iranian province of Khvarvaran today known as Iraq.
		In 41 BCE, Parthia, led by Labienus, invaded Syria, Cilicia, and Caria and attacked Phrygia and Asia Minor.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Parthia (2919 words)

	Parthia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Parthia was led by the Arsacid dynasty, who reunited and ruled over the Iranian plateau, taking over the eastern provinces of the Greek Seleucid Empire, beginning in the late 3rd century BCE, and intermittently controlled Mesopotamia between ca 150 BCE and 224 CE.
		Parthia (mostly due to their invention of heavy cavalry) was the arch-enemy of the Roman Empire in the east; and it limited Rome's expansion beyond Cappadocia (central Anatolia).
		A bust from The National Museum of Iran of Queen Musa, wife of Phraates IV of Parthia, excavated by a French team in Khuzestan, Iran in 1939.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Parthia (3018 words)

	mithridates - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Mithridates III of Parthia (58 - 57 BC)
		Mithridates VI of Pontus (120 - 63 BC)
		Also, the word mithridates was once synonymous with antidote, and mithridatism meant the practice of taking repeated low doses of a poison with the intent of building immunity to it.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/mithridates (187 words)

	Parthia - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Antiochus IV Epiphanes spent his last years fruitlessly battling the Parthians in constant war, until his death in 163 BCE.
		By 129 BCE the Parthians were in control of all the lands right to the Tigris River, and established their winter encampment at Ctesiphon on the banks of the Tigris downstream from modern Baghdad.
		In his accounts Parthia is named "Ānxī", a transliteration of "Arsacid", the name of the Parthian dynasty.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Parthia (2986 words)

	de Mithridates The name Mithridates more accurately Mithradates is derived...
		Mithridates I of Parthia Mithridates I of Parthia (171 - 137 BC)
		Mithridates III of Pontus Mithridates III of Pontus
		Mithridates VI of Pontus Mithridates VI of Pontus (120 - 63 BC)
	www.biodatabase.de /Mithridates (377 words)

	The Ultimate Parthia Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		Parthia was the arch-enemy of the Roman Empire in the East and it limited Roman's expansion beyond Cappadocia (modern-day central Turkey).
		Antiochus IV Epiphanes spent his last years fruitlessly battling the Parthians in the endless war, until he died in 163 BC.
		By 129 BC the Parthians were in control of all the lands right to the Tigris River, and established their winter encampment at Ctesiphon on the banks of the Tigris downstream from modern Baghdad.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Anxi (2572 words)

	Articles - Parthia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Parthia (Persian: Ø§Ø´Ú©Ø§Ù†ÛŒØ§Ù† AshkÃ¢niÃ¢n), led by the Arsacid dynasty, reunited and ruled over the Iranian plateau, taking over the eastern provinces of the Greek Seleucid Empire, beginning in the late 3rd century BCE, and intermittently controlled Mesopotamia between ca 150 BCE and 224 CE.
		In 53 BCE, the Roman general Crassus invaded Parthia, but was defeated at the Battle of Carrhae by a Parthian commander called Surena in the Greek and Latin sources, most likely a member of the SÃ»rÃªn clan.
		´´Parthia´´ derives from Latin ´´Parthia´´, from Old Persian ´´Parthava-´´, a dialectical variant of the stem ´´Parsa-´´, from which Persia derives.
	www.winacea.com /articles/Parthia (2660 words)

	e. Parthia. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Arsaces I founded the kingdom of Parthia, including at first only Parthia and Hyrcania, between the Seleucid kingdom in the west and the Bactrian kingdom in the east.
		Mithridates I conquered Babylonia and Media from the Seleucids (c.
		Parthia suffered a collapse and was greatly reduced in territory by Tigranes I of Armenia (c.
	www.bartleby.com /67/216.html (402 words)

	Mithridates
		Mithradates - less correctly Mithridates - a Persian name derived from Mithras, the sun-god, and the Indo-European root da "to give," i.e.
		This name was borne by a large number of kings, soldiers and statesmen in Asia Minor.
		The earliest are Mithradates, the eunuch who helped Artabanus[?] to assassinate Xerxes I and the Mithradates who fought first with Cyrus the Younger and after his death with Artaxerxes[?] against the Greeks, and is the ancestor of the kings of Pontus.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/mi/Mithradates.html (180 words)

	Informat.io on Mithridates
		Mithridates of Persia, a son-in-law of Darius III
		Also, the word mithridates or mithridate was once synonymous with antidote, and mithridatism meant the practice of taking repeated low doses of a poison with the intent of building immunity to it.
		These meanings were inspired by legends about Mithridates VI of Pontus who was famed for both his immunity to poisons and speaking over 25 languages.
	www.quaest.io /?title=Mithridates (251 words)

	Parthia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It was not until the second century BC that the Parthians profited from the increasing Seleucid weakness and gradually captured all of their territories east of Syria.
		Antiochus IV Epiphanes spent his last years fruitlessly battling the Parthians in the endless war, until he died in 161 BCE.
		In 141 BCE, the Parthian king Mithridates I captured the Seleucid monarch, Demetrius Nicator, and held him captive for ten years, while the Parthians overwhelmed Mesopotamia and Media.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Parthian (739 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1094 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		But Mithridates, though a fugitive from his kingdom, did not abandon all hope : he collected a body of irregular troops, with which he expelled the king of the Dandarians ; and, as soon as the main body of the Roman troops were with drawn from the Bosporus, he prepared to invade that kingdom.
		MITHRIDATES (MiOptiarris) of pergamus, was the son of Menodotus, a citizen of that place, by a daughter of Adobogion, a descendant of the tetrarchs of Galatia, but his mother having had an amour with Mithridates the Great, he was generally looked upon as in reality the son of that monarch.
		The dictator hastened to his support by sea, and, landing at the mouth of the Nile, united his forces with those of Mithridates, and immediately afterwards totally defeated the Egyptian king in a decisive action which put an end to the war.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/2202.html (865 words)

	IRANIAN HISTORY: PARTHIANS: Dynasty of Arsacid Empire - (CAIS) ©
		The first campaign of Mithridates I was probably directed against the Greco-Bactrian kingdom (between 160 and 155 B.C.) with the aim of reconquering the territories that had been lost in that region during the reign of Arsaces I, especially the area around Nisa.
		Even Mithridates II, however, soon came up against an internal problem which was eventually to prove a contributory factor in the downfall of the Parthian empire: the power and influence of the Parthian nobility, represented by a few great families, were from now on in a position to oppose the monarch frequently.
		In the year 216 the emperor Caracalla asked Artabanus IV for the hand of his daughter in marriage, in itself a clear evidence of the fact that the latter was then monarch, even though the coinage of Vologases VI continued to appear in Seleucia until at least 221/2.
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/History/ashkanian/arsacid_dynasty.htm (7121 words)

	Parthia: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		...Mithridates II of Parthia Mithridates II of Parthia Mithridates II (the Great), was the king of...Mithridates-III-of-Parthia Mithridates III of Parthia Mithradates III).
		...Parthia Parthia This is a stub article The Parthian Empire ruled the Iranian...
		The Parthian Empire ruled the Iranian plateau and intermittently controlled Mesopotamia between 253 BC and AD In AD 224, Ardashir[?], governor in the Achaemenid home province of Fars, overthrew Artabanus IV[?] and established the Sassanid dynasty.
	www.encyclopedian.com /pa/Parthia.html (210 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Persia
		Pherecles, the Seleucid satrap, having insulted Tiridates, was slain, and Parthia freed from the Macedonians.
		Of these heroes of Parthia the most important was Mithridates the Great, who not only repaired the losses the empire had sustained in its conflicts with the Seleucids, but carried the conquests of Parthia as far as India in one direction, and the banks of the Euphrates in the other.
		Orodes himself, after a long reign, during which Parthia attained the climax of her power, was strangled in his eightieth year by his son Phraates.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11712a.htm (14934 words)

	parthia - NumisWiki, The Collaborative Numismatics Project
		This drachm of Mithridates II (c123-88 BC) shows the more naturalistic 'early' style; it's obviously not completely naturalistic, with the bull neck and stylised eye, but the face is recognisable as that of an individual.
		The tetradrachms from the time of Phraates IV are regularly inscribed with the year and month of issue.
		Parthia, a region of Asia, whose inhabitants were called Parthi, ortiginally the most inveterate enemies of the Roman name, and who, under their King Orodes, having laid a snare for Crassus, into which that unfortunate gerneral fell, detroyed him and his whole army in one general slaughter.
	www.forumancientcoins.com /numiswiki/view.asp?key=parthia (1461 words)

	Fabricius Flavius/Parthia
		But by 40 B.C. even Rome had to acknowledge a Parthia whose forces, under the joint command of Pacorus I and Q. Labienus, a Roman, had struck directly into the heart of the Roman East and captured the provinces of Asia, Pamphylia, Cilicia, and Syria; even as far south as Petra, Parthia's word was law.
		The western border between Rome's dominions and Parthia gradually stabilized on the banks of the Euphrates, but war was always a threat and though major campaigns by the Romans were seen in A.D. 116, 161, 195, 217 and 232.
		Parthian language is a Middle Iranian language originated in Parthia (mainly the northeastern corner of modern,Iran and central-western south of Turkmenistan),and became the oficial language of Arsacid period.
	magellannarfe.com /Parthia/index.html (1574 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Festus
		Pontus, after Mithridates, King of Pontus, had been conquered by Pompey, received the form of a province.
		Mithridates, with his wife and two companions, fled to the Bosphorus and when, in desperation of his affairs, he drank poison, and when the poison.s strength did not prove sufficient, he commanded that he be run through with a sword by one of his own soldiers.
		Mithridates VI Eupator Dionysus, III.3; XI.3,4; XV.3; XVI.1.
	www.roman-emperors.org /festus.htm (5619 words)

	Persian Empire By Pejman Azadi - The Parthia (Ashkanian) Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		envoy first visited the kingdom of Anxi (Parthia), the king of Anxi dispatched a party of 20,000 horsemen to meet them on the eastern border of the kingdom...
		Vologases IV declared war against the Romans and reconquered Armenia.
		economic crisis for three or four decades, and the consequences of the looting for Parthia were dire.
	pejman.azadi.googlepages.com /theparthia(ashkanian)empire (2161 words)

	Eutropius, Abridgment of Roman History (Historiae Romanae Breviarium)
		Mithridates was, however, received after his flight by Tigranes, the king of Armenia, who at that time reigned in great glory; for he had frequently defeated the Persians, and had made himself master of Mesopotamia, Syria, and part of Phoenicia.
		Soon after, the war against Mithridates and Tigranes was entrusted to him; in the conduct of which, he overcame Mithridates in Armenia Minor in a battle by night, and plundered his camp, killing at the same time forty thousand of his troops, while he lost only twenty of his own men, and two centurions.
		Mithridates fled with his wife and two attendants; and not long after, in consequence of his cruelty to his own family, he was reduced, through a sedition excited among his soldiers by his son Pharnaces, to the necessity of putting an end to his existence, and swallowed poison.
	www.tertullian.org /fathers/eutropius_breviarium_2_text.htm (18374 words)

	Parthia info here at en.38of100b.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Clutter is emotional constipation, keeping you stuck in the past and blocking the flow of Parthia in your life.
		For this most recent volume, Parthia, I've also taken the weights and sizes from BMC and converted them from English to metric.
		Parthian rulers A bust from The National Museum of Iran of Queen Musa, wife of Phraates IV of Parthia, excavated by a French team in Khuzestan, Iran in 1939.
	en.38of100b.info /Parthia (3250 words)

	The Hammer
		The family name of the Hasmonean dynasty originates with the ancestor of the house, Asamoneus or Asmoneus (see Josephus, Jewish Antiquities: 12.265, 14.468, 16.179 who is said to have been the grandfather of Mattathias, but about whom nothing more is known).
		As I’ve been driving at, I suspect his lack of genealogical attribution points to an eastern beginning, or perhaps a prior Armenian progenitor.
		Mithradates, a eunuch who helped Artabanus to assassinate Xerxes I. Mithradates, who fought first with Cyrus the Younger and after his death with Artaxerxes against the Greeks, and is the ancestor of the kings of Pontus.
	www.domainofman.com /forum/index.cgi?noframes;read=2632 (3523 words)

	Media, Persia, Parthia, & Iran
		The dating and even sequence of the Arsacids is uncertain, largely known from coins.
		Since Han China and Rome traded silk for gold by way of Parthia, which endeavored to conceal knowledge of each from each other, any occasions for common knowledge would be extraordinary.
		The Sassanids replace the Hellenophile Parthian dynasty, with the program of deliberately reviving the Zoroastrian Achaemenid Persian Empire, aspiring to recover all the former provinces of the Achaemenids (Egypt, Syria, Anatolia).
	www.friesian.com /iran.htm (2645 words)

	Parthia
		The Parthian empire occupied all of Iran proper, as well as the modern countries of Iraq, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, eastern Turkey, eastern Syria, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Kuwait, the Persian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates.
		In 39 BCE, Mark Antony retaliated, sending out the old warhorse general Publius Ventidius Bassus and several of Caesar's crack, veteran legions to secure the conquered territories.
		Bust, practice, factor, commercial, only, return, decided, warfare, IV, campaign
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/p/pa/parthia.html (3003 words)

	Biblical Archeology, Bible And Archeology
		He humbled the Parthians, joined Mithridates VI in war with Rome, ruled Syria for over 14 years, built near Mardin as his capital Tigranocerta, and assumed the Assyrio-Persian title of "King of Kings." Lucullus defeated Tigranes and destroyed Tigranocerta in 69 BC.
		In 66 AD, Tiridates, elder brother of the Parthian king Vologeses, having defeated the Romans under Paetus and established himself on the throne of Armenia, went by land to Rome and received investiture from Nero.
		Peace between Rome and Parthia ensued, and Armenia remained closely united to Parthia till Trajan's expedition in 114 AD.
	www.biblicalarcheology.net /OlderWorks/Armenia.html (2015 words)

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