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Topic: Mitochondrial disease

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	Mitochondrial Disease
		The common factor among these diseases is that the mitochondria are unable to completely burn food and oxygen in order to generate energy.
		Mitochondrial diseases might affect the cells of the brain, nerves (including the nerves to the stomach and intestines), muscles, kidneys, heart, liver, eyes, ears, or pancreas.
		It is important to determine which type of mitochondrial disease inheritance is present, in order to predict the risk of recurrence for future children.
	www.clevelandclinic.org /health/health-info/docs/1600/1678.asp?index=6957 (1299 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Mitochondrial disease
		Mitochondrial diseases are a group of disorders relating to the mitochondria, the organelles that are the "powerhouses" of the eukaryotic cells that comprise higher-order lifeforms (including humans).
		Mitochondrial diseases comprise those disorders that in one way or another affect the function of the mitochondria and/or are due to mitochondrial DNA.
		Mitochondrial disease begins to become apparent once the number of affected mitochondria reaches a certain level; this phenomenon is called 'threshold expression'.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Mitochondrial_disorder (667 words)

	Mitochondrial Diseases - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Mitochondrial DNA is not in the chromosomes in the nucleus.
		However, inherited mitochondrial diseases are always inherited from the mother, not the father, because of a quirk in the egg-sperm interaction giving all the mother's mitochondria to the child.
		Wolfram's disease is not a mitochondrial DNA disease, since it is a genetic disease of chromosome 4.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /disease/mitochondrial_printer.htm (2275 words)

	Mitochondrial Disease General Information, Solace Nutrition
		The Spectrum of Mitochondrial DiseaseThis article is a brief update on mitochondrial biology for primary care physicians, genetic counselors, and other health care professionals who may find themselves involved in the care of children with mitochondrial disease and their families.
		Mitochondrial cytopathy in adults: What we know so far Mitochondrial cytopathies are a diverse group of inherited and acquired disorders that result in inadequate energy production.
		Diagnosis and Treatment of Childhood Mitochondrial DiseasesMitochondria are important in cellular metabolism and transport, and function in a variety of degradative and synthetic functions.
	www.solacenutrition.com /reading-room/mitochondrial-disease.html (388 words)

	healthfinder.gov — The United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation
		The United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation is redefining hope for families affected by mitochondrial diseases--hereditary disorders, now considered as common as childhood cancers, that affect the cell's ability to produce life-sustaining energy.
		UMDF offers support to all sufferers of mitochondrial disorders regardless of diagnosis, suspected or confirmed.
		Our mission is to promote research and education for the diagnosis, treatment and cure of mitochondrial disorders and to provide support to affected individuals and families.
	www.healthfinder.gov /orgs/HR3670.htm (72 words)

	Recognizing mitochondrial disease : Epilepsy.com
		Mitochondrial disease or cytopathy (from cyto-, cell, and -pathy, disease) is not uncommon.
		It would seem reasonable to assume that if the mother’s mitochondrial DNA has a particular disease-causing mutation, then all mitochondria would have the same mutation and the disease associated with this mutation would be relatively similar from patient to patient.
		For instance, patients with the disease syndrome SyndromeA group of signs and symptoms that collectively define or characterize a disease or disorder; signs are objective findings such as weakness, and symptoms are subjective findings such as a feeling of fear or tingling in a finger.
	www.epilepsy.com /epilepsy/recognizing_mitochondrial_disease.html (1198 words)

	Facts About Mitochondrial Myopathies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Just as some diseases are named for the part of the body they affect (like heart disease), mitochondrial diseases are so-named because they affect a specific part of the cells of which our bodies are made.
		A mitochondrial disease that causes prominent muscular problems is called a mitochondrial myopathy (myo means muscle, and pathos means disease), while a mitochondrial disease that causes both prominent muscular and neurological problems is called a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (encephalo refers to the brain).
		Also, because some symptoms of mitochondrial disease (such as diabetes or heart arrhythmia) are common in the general population, there are effective treatments for those symptoms (such as insulin or anti-arrhythmic drugs).
	www.mda.org /publications/mitochondrial_myopathies.html (4649 words)

	Physicians, researchers & families battle devastating mitochondrial disease
		Because mitochondrial disease is a multi-organ disease, the job of the clinical trial task force will be to develop a priority list of disease abnormalities that are most problematic in children and adults.
		The recognition that mitochondrial dysfunction can produce disorders ranging from childhood diseases to common disorders of aging is revolutionizing our understanding of many fundamental biological processes and is creating common ground between disciplines in medicine that didn't exist before.
		Because mitochondrial disease is frequently passed from one generation to another, Sharon is very concerned about her 2-year-old son Liam, who currently shows no signs of the disease.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2001-02/UNKN-Prfb-2502101.php (1408 words)

	Epilepsy and mitochondrial disease : Epilepsy.com
		Patients with mitochondrial disease tend not to have classic childhood absence seizures or the multiple seizure types seen in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
		More patients with mitochondrial disease have seizures that are intractable (difficult to control with medication) than patients with epilepsy not associated with another disorder.
		Patients whose mitochondrial disease is associated with a specific epilepsy syndrome will have predominantly the seizure types characteristic of that syndrome.
	www.epilepsy.com /epilepsy/epilespy_mitochondrial_disease.html (2036 words)

	Welcome to Mitochondria Research Society
		Most significantly, although mitochondrial disease can present as a "pure myopathy," meaning that only the skeletal or heart muscles are affected, it more often causes problems in many different organ systems, including the nervous, visual, renal (kidneys), digestive and circulatory systems.
		Sometimes when a person is found to have a mitochondrial disease on the basis of more severe symptoms, the soft signs of the disease may be recognized in hindsight in other family members.
		In the meantime, it's good to keep in mind that, although mitochondrial diseases are rare, many of their specific symptoms, such as heart failure and seizures, are relatively common in the general population.
	www.mitoresearch.org /treatmentdisease.html (1708 words)

	CLiC - Cholestatic Liver Disease Consortium
		One way is for the disease to be passed from parents to children through genes that are found in chromosomes, the genetic material in the nucleus of each cell in our body.
		The other way these diseases may be passed from parents to children is through genes that are found in the mitochondria themselves.
		If the mitochondrial disease is only in the liver and is severe and life-threatening, the doctor might recommend that the patient have a liver transplant.
	rarediseasesnetwork.epi.usf.edu /clic/learnmore/mito.htm (1791 words)

	Genetic Disease - Health and Medical Information produced by doctors - MedicineNet.com
		Mitochondrial inheritance -- This type of genetic disorder is caused by mutations in the nonchromosomal DNA of mitochondria.
		Examples of mitochondrial disease include an eye disease called Leber's hereditary optic atrophy; a type of epilepsy called MERRF which stands for Myoclonus Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers; and a form of dementia called MELAS for Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like episodes.
		However, one of the most difficult problems ahead is to find out how genes contribute to diseases that have a complex pattern of inheritance, such as in the cases of diabetes, asthma, cancer and mental illness.
	www.medicinenet.com /genetic_disease/article.htm (793 words)

	CoQ10 Research - on heart disease, weight loss and cancer
		The contribution of genetic factors to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease is increasingly being recognized.
		There is evidence that coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperlipidemia develop due to interaction of genetic and environmental factors during transition from poverty to affluence.
		Statins inhibit synthesis of mevalonate, a precursor of ubiquinone that is a central compound of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
	www.coq10supplement.com /herbal-remedies/coenzyme-q10/coq10-research (7252 words)

	Mitochondrial Disease
		Mitochondrial disease is very difficult to diagnose because there is no defining symptom to the illness.
		Mitochondrial disease may affect the mitochondria in numerous ways: one of those ways being the many chemical reactions that take place.
		The symptoms of mitochondrial disease vary with the severity of the disease and the location of the disease.
	www.mindbodyfocused.com /body/mitochondrial-disease.php (705 words)

	What is Mitochondrial Disease?
		Mitochondrial diseases result from failures of the mitochondria, specialized compartments present in every cell of the body except red blood cells.
		Diseases of the mitochondria appear to cause the most damage to cells of the brain, heart, liver, skeletal muscles, kidney and the endocrine and respiratory systems.
		Depending on which cells are affected, symptoms may include loss of motor control, muscle weakness and pain, gastro-intestinal disorders and swallowing difficulties, poor growth, cardiac disease, liver disease, diabetes, respiratory complications, seizures, visual/hearing problems, lactic acidosis, developmental delays and susceptibility to infection.
	www.umdf.org /mito_info/whatismito.aspx (230 words)

	Mitochondrial Myopathy 101 » Especially Heather
		Every year 1,000 to 4,000 children, from newborns up to age 10, are attacked by mitochondrial disease- yet so many people have no idea, or have never heard of this disease.
		Mitochondrial disease is nearly as common as childhood cancer.
		Many mitochondrial disease patients go undiagnosed and, as a result, these patients and their families suffer.
	www.especiallyheather.com /mitochondrial-myopathy-101 (960 words)

	GRO - Mitochondrial disease in man: report of a probable case with successful therapy
		Probable mitochondrial damage in brain and possibly in other tissues of an elderly woman after open heart surgery was treated by therapy aimed at providing the cell with materials necessary to synthesize new mitochondria to replace those damaged by imperfect perfusion of body issues with blood by the artificial heart-lung machine.
		Mitochondrial damage manifested by failure to synthesize ATP has been produced experimentally in vitro by various chemical agents and by warming in the absence of substrate.
		Mitochondrial ultrastructure in Reye's syndrome (encephalopathy and fatty degeneration of the viscera).
	gerson-research.org /docs/CopeFW-1981-1 (2320 words)

	The Spartanburg County Foundation; Mitochondrial Disease Fund
		Mitochondrial diseases result from failures of the mitochondria, which are specialized compartments present in every cell of the body except red blood cells.
		Mitochondrial disease is the body's inability to turn food into the energy to support life- can present with a wide range of health issues such as a weak heart, failing kidneys, and/or respiratory complications.
		Because mitochondrial diseases are currently under-recognized, the actual number may be more like one in 2,000.
	www.spcf.org /index.cfm?PageID=55 (426 words)

	Mitochondrial Myopathy (MITO) - Welcome to MDA \| Muscular Dystrophy Association Where Hope Begins.......
		Definition - a group of diseases that affect the mitochondria, tiny energy factories found inside almost all cells, and interfere with the function of muscles.
		The group is comprised of Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) ; Leigh's syndrome ; mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS) ; mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes (MELAS) ; myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MERRF) ; mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) ; neuropathy, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa (NARP) ; Pearson syndrome; and progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO).
		Cause - a defect in either a mitochondrial gene or a gene in the cell nucleus that affects the functioning of the mitochondria
	www.mdausa.org /disease/mito.html (292 words)

	Mitochondrial Disease & Disorders in children
		But for those with mitochondrial disease, it is considered as a generally accepted effective therapy, although it may not be effective for an individual patient.
		The United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation It is vital for all affected by mitochondrial disease to register with the UMDF!
		Mitochondrial Disease and Hearing LossHearing loss often occurs as an additional symptom in a number of syndromic diseases caused by mitochondrial DNA defects.
	www.kathleensworld.com /mitochon.html (6402 words)

	Special: DNA unraveled
		The history of mitochondrial disease goes back to the early 1960s, however, when Lars Ernster and Rolf Luft in Stockholm described a patient who ate voraciously yet stayed thin, sweating profusely even in winter.
		Diabetes is unusually frequent in mitochondrial diseases, and about 2 percent of patients with adult-onset (type II) diabetes have known mutations in mtDNA, often with deafness.
		Nevertheless, many symptoms of mitochondrial diseases, such as muscle weakness, diabetes, vision loss, hearing loss, and dementia, are also the hallmarks of aging.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/21stC/issue-1.3/dna-mitoch.html (1202 words)

	The Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center
		Nonetheless, all of the children had serious mitochondrial and metabolic disease that required the specialized facilities of the Center and the UCSD Biochemical Genetics laboratories, directed by Dr. William Nyhan and Dr. Bruce Barshop, for proper diagnosis and treatment.
		If a child is stricken with a catastrophic disease affecting three or more organ systems, or if a child has been afflicted with a relapsing disease that affects two or more organ systems and leads to slow but measurable deterioration, he or she may have a mitochondrial disease.
		At present, the diagnosis of mitochondrial disease is often missed because scientists do not fully understand the normal function of mitochondria in specialized cells.
	biochemgen.ucsd.edu /MMDC/brochure.htm (2246 words)

	Mitochondrial diseases - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Mitochondrial diseases is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
		This means that Mitochondrial diseases, or a subtype of Mitochondrial diseases, affects less than 200,000 people in the US population.
		The prognosis for patients with mitochondrial myopathies varies greatly from patient to patient because disease progression depends largely on the type of disease and the degree of involvement of various organs.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /m/mitochondrial_diseases/intro.htm (684 words)

	Mitochondrial Disease Action Committee (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Mitochondrial failure causes cell injury that leads to cell death.
		Mitochondrial disease is a chronic, genetic disorder that occurs when the mitochondria of the cell fails to produce enough energy for cell or organ function.
		Families are continuously forces to expend their very limited energy to explain their disease, advocate for themselves and fight for services.
	www.mitoaction.org /definition.html (517 words)

	Mitochondrial Myopathies Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		Mitochondrial myopathies are a group of neuromuscular diseases caused by damage to the mitochondria-small, energy-producing structures found in every cell in the body that serve as the cells' "power plants." Nerve cells in the brain and muscles require a great deal of energy, and thus appear to be particularly damaged when mitochondrial dysfunction occurs.
		The symptoms of mitochondrial myopathies include muscle weakness or exercise intolerance, heart failure or rhythm disturbances, dementia, movement disorders, stroke-like episodes, deafness, blindness, droopy eyelids, limited mobility of the eyes, vomiting, and seizures.
		The prognosis for patients with mitochondrial myopathies varies greatly, depending largely on the type of disease and the degree of involvement of various organs.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/mitochondrial_myopathy/mitochondrial_myopathy.htm (408 words)

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