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Topic: Mochovce

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	Warsaw Voice - Slovak Nuke Plant On Line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mochovce was originally built to Russian design but has been upgraded in line with IAEA recommendations using Western technology.
		Austria says its priority is to improve Mochovce, and see the closure of Slovakia's other nuclear plant at Jaslovske Bohunice, which is older and closer to the border.
		However, the safety system in Mochovce is much more up-to-date than the one planned for the Polish nuclear plant because the Slovak project received consultations and technology from Western companies within the last few years.
	www.warsawvoice.pl /archiwum.phtml/786 (837 words)

	ENS briefig. Mochovce-1 start-up (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mochovce NPP was originally designed to comprise four pressurised water reactors Soviet-design VVER 440/V-213, each 388 megawatts.
		As such, Mochovce is sometimes considered as a sister model of Loviisa NPP in Finland.
		From the beginning of the Mochovce project, most of the work on the Soviet-design NPP was allocated to Czechoslovak companies or institutes.
	www.kfki.hu /(en,html2,iframe)/~hnucsoc/ens_briefing_mochovce.htm (1176 words)

	WISE NC: BACKGROUND MATERIAL ON MOCHOVCE NUCLEAR PLANT AND SIEMENS IN THE EAST (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mochovce is a hybrid of Eastern and Western technology which has not yet been tested.
		Some technical experts believe the only way to safely upgrade Mochovce is to provide significant financial assistance to the Russian nuclear infrastructure (5), but the west has been unwilling to even consider such a plan.
		To finance Mochovce Siemens was given not a credit for delivery by the German state-owned Bank for Reconstruction, but also the state Hermes-guarantee as an export guarantee to insure itself against losses.
	www.antenna.nl /wise/462/4585.html (3102 words)

	WISE NC: MOCHOVCE CAMPAIGN MORE NEEDED THAN EVER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mochovce NPP is a priority project for Siemens, which wants to use the plant as a showcase for the many other nuclear reactors in the region.
		Mochovce would not be able to get a license to operate anywhere in the European Union or in the United States of America.
		Mochovce may only mean business for you, but it is dirty money that you will be earning.
	www.antenna.nl /wise/453/4477.html (998 words)

	[No title]
		One of the key safety concerns with the Mochovce nuclear power plant is that it will not have the secondary containment considered necessary by western nuclear experts to prevent the realease of radioactive material in the event of an accident.
		Asked by the BBC if the critique that the Mochovce reactors would not get a liscense to operate in the west is correct, he replied, "I would say it is true".[32] In addition to providing protection against radiation release, containment provides protection against external hazards such as an airplane crash.
		Although Mochovce is now being promoted as a safety improvement project that will involve shutdown of the Bohunice nuclear reactors, continuing contradictory and confusing statements from Slovakian officials make it difficult to really believe that this is the intent.
	www.seps.sk /zmz/fme/moch.htm (3973 words)

	Mochovce Nuclear Plant
		The Issue The completion and refurbishment of the nuclear reactor at Mochovce in Slovakia is a case study of a Western response to the problem which did not meet expectations.
		Mochovce is found to be 21 percent cheaper compared to the next best base load alternative (high efficiency combined cycle gas turbines) and 5 percent cheaper than all energy production options for Slovakia.
		Alain Pilloux, senior banker in charge of the Mochovce project, charged that the environmentalists were opposed to the project because it represented a nuclear project, not because it would result in a degradation of safety.
	gurukul.ucc.american.edu /TED/MOCHO.HTM (4589 words)

	CHERNOBYL NO MORE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mochovce has been studied in depth because of the proposed EBRD funding for the plant.
		Mochovce epitomizes the failure of the economics of nuclear power in the region.
		Energy experts have concluded that construction of a highly efficient combined cycle gas turbine is a cheaper alternative to Mochovce when all factors were taken into consideration.
	www.ecn.cz /c10/moch.html (341 words)

	Nuclear Power Plant Mochovce, Slovakia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Their main demand is not to start Mochovce before the results of the international expert commission are known.
		About 85% of the MEPs voted against the starting-up of the NPP Mochovce with safety-deficits in favour of the close-down of the NPP Bohunice and for an anti-nuclear course of the Slovak energy system.
		For example, the GRS admitted that Mochovce will not reach an international safety standard before all the 89 recommendations have been met (till now only 56 have been met).
	www.fns.uniba.sk /zmz/fme/mochovce/global.htm (765 words)

	NNI - No Nukes Inforesource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In Slovakia four npps at Bohunice and two npps at Mochovce are currently in operation.
		Slovak Economy Minister Pavol Rusko considered in December 2004 the completion of the third and fourth block of Mochovce due to Slovakia's obligation to shut down two blocks of Bohunice between 2006 and 2008.
		Such a concept postponed the final decisions on conditioning and disposal of operational waste to the decommissioning stage with the goal to handle radioactive waste from both the operational and the decommissioning period together.
	www.ecology.at /nni/country.php?country=Slovakia (322 words)

	Nuclear Safety in Central Europe & the New Independent States - Progress by the Candidate countries of Central ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		At Mochovce, unit 1, a reactor of the upgradable VVER 440/213 type, reached its first criticality in June 1998 according to schedule.
		For Slovakia it stated that inspite of the fact that no international commitments had been taken concerning the closure of the two reactors concerned at Bohunice, the Government adopted a resolution in 1994 whereby these reactors would be closed down by the year 2000 at thelatest.
		Completion of Mochovce nuclear power plant unit 2 has to be implemented according to internationally agreed safety principles.
	europa.eu.int /comm/external_relations/nuclear_safety/rr_99/slovakia.htm (1194 words)

	NRA SR - UJD SR - Anual Report 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For NPP Mochovce mainly the end of 1999 was very demanding with regard to inspection and assessment activity due to a parallel outage for refueling linked with overhaul and start up of unit 1, with commissioning of unit 2.
		By the end of 1999 tests of power increasing of the start-ups at the output levels of 20 % and 35 % were realized on Unit 2 of NPP Mochovce and part of the tests at the output level of 50 %.
		Total number and the nature of events on Unit 1 NPP Mochovce does not exceed the framework of common technical failures and their common reasons for new equipment.
	www.ujd.gov.sk /Anurep99/a046.htm (1041 words)

	The Bulletin 4/3: EBRD and NGOs go Head-to-Head over Mochovce (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Your letter addresses several key issues concerning the Mochovce project and in particular the preparations for, and conduct of, the scoping meetings, organized by the Project Sponsors, that were held in Bratislava and Levice on 10 and 11 August 1994.
		The current intent of the project sponsors to exclude an examination of alternatives to Mochovce in the environmental assessment is a grave error.
		Of all alternatives to the completion of Mochovce Units 1 and 2 to international safety standards, the option of completing Mochovce to a low safety level, with no closure of Bohunice VI, is certainly the most likely to happen, as funding for the completion of these units could certainly be found.
	www.rec.org /REC/Bulletin/Bull43/EBDR.html (2089 words)

	New Internationalist Issue 284
		Mochovce will provide the company with a showcase of what it can do for many other nuclear reactors - and there are some 60 of the same type in Eastern Europe alone.
		Mochovce would not get a licence to be operated in the EU nor in the USA.
		Mochovce is not the most cost-effective method for the Slovak energy system.
	www.newint.org /issue284/atom.html (2812 words)

	SLOVAKIA.htm in Business Recorder on June 09, 1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		BRATISLAVA: The first reactor of Slovakia's controversial nuclear power plant at Mochovce was started up in the early hours of Monday morning, a spokesman for the plant said in a statement.
		Mochovce has been the subject of heated exchanges between Slovakia and Austria, whose border lies 120 km (75 miles) from the plant.
		Mochovce's Petrech said the reactor had been activated after Slovakia's Nuclear Supervisory Bureau had given the go-ahead.
	www.paksearch.com /br98/Jun/9/SLOVAKIA.htm (352 words)

	Planet Ark (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		"The connection of block 2 at Mochovce is another important step enabling Slovakia to get a significant energy source that will provide safe, reliable, economical and ecological production and supply of electrical energy for at least the next 40 years," the statement said.
		Neighbouring Austria, which is fiercely opposed to nuclear power, has frequently expressed deep concern at Slovakia's civil nuclear power programme but Slovak officials say the country cannot afford alternative sources of electricity.
		Mochovce is 120 kilometres (75 miles) from the Austrian border.
	www.planetark.com /avantgo/dailynewsstory.cfm?newsid=5189 (186 words)

	The Slovak Spectator - Slovakia's English Language Newspaper
		"Mochovce is the first Russian-designed nuclear power plant where comprehensive upgrading to an internationally accepted safety level is being implemented," said Dietrich Kuschel, Head of Projects under Construction at the Siemens Power Generation Group, one of the main forces behind Mochovce's upgrade to western safety standards.
		Mochovce has been supplying electricity to the national grid since July when the first of four planned reactors was connected to the network.
		A picture of the spotlighted Mochovce power plant is being used on election billboard ads for the party, with the caption "We pulled it off together!" SE director Mikuš, for his part, is running for the HZDS at 127th position on the party's candidates list for September's national elections.
	www.slovakspectator.sk /clanok-6411.html (922 words)

	Stop the Mochovce nuclear power plant!
		We strongly oppose the enterprise, which presents danger to us and to our children, and we appeal to you, as our representatives, to voice support for our efforts aimed at putting a stop to the building of the nuclear power plant near the borders of the Polish Republic, and to take appropriate actions.
		As the accident at Chernobyl demonstrated, the dangers of nuclear accidents are not confined to the country in which they occur.
		In addition to our concerns about safety, we believe that the use of intentional funds for the completion of these reactors is inappropriate, given the potential for energy saving and other alternative energy options that exist in Slovakia.
	www.zb.eco.pl /GH/4/atom_e.htm (559 words)

	BBC News \| Europe \| Slovakia switches on nuclear plant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Officials at the Mochovce nuclear power plant - about 180km east of Vienna - announced on Monday that they have started up the first reactor, which is expected to become fully operational by mid-July.
		Such criticism has been rejected as politically motivated by the Slovak energy utility responsible for running Mochovce, which claims instead that the plant is a successful example of east-west co-operation in nuclear energy.
		Controversy has surrounded the power plant at Mochovce from the moment construction began in the early 1980s.
	news.bbc.co.uk /low/english/world/europe/newsid_109000/109091.stm (351 words)

	Mochovce Does Not Solve Problems of Slovakia
		They reminded also that this weighty event with serious negative impacts for the safety, economy and environment of Slovakia is being realised only ten days before the tragic anniversary of the nuclear disaster in the NPP Chernobyl, which will have ten years on 26 April.
		"The NPP Mochovce would not keep the current Western standards of the nuclear safety and after its potential completion, Slovakia and Central Europe will be endangered by two nuclear sources," said Lubica Trubiniova, the head of the Greenpeace campaign office in Slovakia.
		Otherwise Siemens would not take part in the project of the Mochovce completion, big reconstruction of the NPP Bohunice and the reconstruction of the gas-steam cogenerated heating plant in Bratislava at the same time," said Lubica Trubiniova.
	archive.greenpeace.org /majordomo/index-press-releases/1996/msg00096.html (415 words)

	For Mother Earth Slovakia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mochovce NPP is a priority project for Siemens which wants to use it as a showcase for many other nuclear reactors in the region.
		It is clear that Mochovce could not obtain the license to operate in the European Union nor in the USA due to its lack of safety.
		Mochovce would not get the license to be oerated in the EU nor in the USA.
	www.fns.uniba.sk /zmz/fme/siemens.htm (902 words)

	The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development: An Environmental Progress Report
		If completed, Mochovce will be the first partially finished, Soviet-designed plant to be completed with a "retrofit" of western technology.
		VVER-440/213 reactors, similar to Mochovce, in the former German Democratic Republic were decommissioned immediately after reunification of Germany, after it was determined that retrofitting to meet German safety standards would be prohibitively expensive.
		The EBRD justified the loan for Mochovce on the grounds that, if it did not make the loan, Slovakia would obtain financing to complete the plant without the environmental safeguards required by the Bank.
	www.ciel.org /Publications/summary1.html (2716 words)

	Slovakia.ORG Featured Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The second block at Slovakia's new Mochovce nuclear power station went on line on Tuesday morning, the Slovak state electricity company said in a statement.
		Neighboring Austria, which is fiercely opposed to nuclear power, has frequently expressed deep concern at Slovakia's domestic nuclear power program but Slovak officials say the country cannot afford alternative sources of electricity.
		Mochovce is 120 kilometers (75 miles) from the Austrian border.
	www.slovakia.org /fa-dec3.htm (176 words)

	EBRD History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The EBRD identifies numerous environmental problems (high energy intensity, air pollution, heavy-metal pollution) so the project is screened as Category A. But because of financial pressures, the project is given "fast track" status, which meant that some environmental procedures, particularly those for the public participation, were curtailed.
		From the beginning the public participation process was handled poorly and the Environmental Procedures are recognized as insufficient.
		The mine is situated at a height of 4000 meters in the mountains, and substantial environmental risks are acknowledged.
	www.bankwatch.org /issues/ebrdpip/ebrdhistory.html (1349 words)

	Calls for Chernobyl to be Shut Down
		The nuclear industry is therefore attempting to export its technologies to Eastern Europe and to Asia, supported by loans from international banks and government credit agencies.
		On 16 April 1996, contracts were signed between the Slovak government and EUCOM, a consortium comprising the French company, Framatome, and the German company, Siemens, to install safety equipment on the Soviet reactors but not to US or European Union standards.
		Director of Siemens, Heinrich von Pierer, has said that Mochovce is the "reference project" for 60 similar reactors in Eastern Europe.
	www.lightparty.com /Health/ChernobylShutdown.html (561 words)

	CHERNOBYL NO MORE
		In the case of Mochovce it was the Smart Power study (a consortium of 33 utilities and government agencies including US and East European members) which indicated that 616 MW of electricity could be saved (despite low energy prices) at a cost of only US$100 million [22].
		Mochovce decommissioning costs were estimated at between 560 million DM, which is 637 DM/kW.
		VVER 440/213 models in operation and in several in varying states of construction at Griefswald were analyzed and deemed unsafe to continue operating and too expensive to upgrade to acceptable safety levels [39].
	www.ecn.cz /c10/danger.html (8314 words)

	MM September 1995
		However, the Mochovce project was to be the first in which the bank funded an uncompleted, Soviet-design reactor.
		Mochovce's Unit One is 90 percent finished and Unit Two is 60 percent complete, but work had almost stopped completely because the state-run utility lacked funds to continue.
		The fact that Mochovce is so close to completion makes its operation all but inevitable, according to some observers.
	multinationalmonitor.org /hyper/mm0995.04.html.safety (3171 words)

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		The government's objective was to secure a high price for SE as well as to ensure that the buyer would assume responsibility for decommissioning the nuclear assets and, ideally, to complete the construction of additional blocs at the Mochovce nuclear plant.
		However, the Slovak state has already given way on the decommissioning of the Jaslovske Bohunice units and responsibility for the nuclear waste facility; under the deal just agreed, it will also forego any dividend payments from SE until 2012 at least.
		This alone opens commercial opportunities for companies in the nuclear industry and arguably it increases the chance that western Europe, faced with dwindling indigenous energy sources and persistent concerns over the security of energy supply from unstable regions, will turn back to nuclear power.
	www.viewswire.com /index.asp?layout=display_article&doc_id=749336060 (871 words)

	The Slovak Spectator - Slovakia's English Language Newspaper
		Austria, a staunch opponent of nuclear-generated power, is especially worried over the plant at Mochovce, because of its location 80 kilometers from the Slovak-Austrian border and because it is being built with primarily Russian technology after the Slovak government turned down the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development's proposal to complete the project.
		She pointed out the Germans had already shut down the east German power plant at Greifswald, which is the same type of reactor as Mochovce, because of safety fears, and highlighted that the German government had offered Siemens an export guarantee for its work on Mochovce.
		Mochovce is seen as a test case by both proponents and opponents of nuclear energy in an ambitious plan to modernize an estimated 56 outdated Soviet-built nuclear power plants in the region.
	www.slovakspectator.sk /clanok.asp?cl=8535&vyd=1996020 (1042 words)

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