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Topic: Modder River

	Vaal - LoveToKnow 1911
		VAAL, a river of South Africa, chief affluent of the Orange (q.v.).
		The Harts river (200 m.) rises on the S.W. slopes of the Witwatersrand and flowing S. by W. unites with the Vaal about 65 m.
		The last affluent of the Vaal, the Riet river, rises in the Beyers Bergen S.E. of Reddersburg and flows N.W. 200 m.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Vaal (695 words)

	Kimberley, South Africa - Places
		The confluence of the Orange and Vaal rivers became an important settlement area for the khoikhoi in their search for new pastures and it is thought that the settlement split into three groups after a major dispute.
		Near the confluence of the Orange River and its main tributary, the Vaal River, Douglas is a thriving, fast-growing town surrounded by a wealth of agricultural and stock farming ventures fed by two of South Africa's greatest rivers.
		Modder River lies south of Kimberley, near the confluence of the Riet and Modder rivers in the vicinity of several monuments commemorating the Anglo-Boer War Battle of Modder River.
	www.bdb.co.za /kimberley/places.htm (3171 words)

	Night Calls \| Outside Online
		Then we were at the entrance to the Modder River Wildlife Sanctuary, and I jumped out of the car to open the gate.
		During the two years when the Modder River was reduced to a trickle by the drought, the local farmers had been astonished to hear that my father was actually pumping precious water from our bore-hole into the pond to prevent it from drying up.
		Modder River returned to the way it used to be, a trickle of visitors on the occasional weekend.
	outside.away.com /outside/magazine/0595/5f_ntcal.html (3002 words)

	Wildlife
		The eastern entrance is at the Modder River on the Bloemfontein / Bultfontein road (R700).
		The Modder River entrance is at the eastern boundary and runs through the 7 500 ha reserve before entering the Krugersdrift Dam which forms the western boundary.
		The many oxbow lakes next to the river characterize these wetlands which are unique, and one of the few remaining sponge areas in the Vaal River catchment area.
	www.dteea.fs.gov.za /wild.htm (2977 words)

	Discovery Of Diamonds In Africa
		On the Orange River, thirty miles above its junction with the Vaal, was the hamlet of Hopetown, one of the most thriving of the little settlements; and farms dotted the angle between the rivers.
		The flooding and winding of the river partly account for the wide spreading of the deposits, but there had been a great abrasion of the surface of the land, for the water-worn gravel sometimes covers even the tops of the ridges and kopjes along the course of the river.
		On the descending slope toward the river stood the clustering tents and wagons of the pilgrims waiting to cross the stream.
	www.history-world.org /AFRIDIAM.htm (5859 words)

	Battle of Magersfontein - The Boer War
		Following Lord Methuen’s hard won victory at Modder River on 28th November 1898, the British paused to rebuild the railway bridge, broken down by the Boers; a precaution essential in Methuen’s view to enable him to relieve Kimberley and bring out Cecil Rhodes and the civilian inhabitants of the town.
		Although forced back from the Modder River position, the battle justified De la Rey’s tactic of entrenching his riflemen on level ground, rather than on the top of hills, where they were vulnerable to fire from the powerful British artillery.
		The British delay at Modder River bridge enabled De la Rey to dig a further line of trenches at the base of Magersfontein Hill, 6 miles to the North East.
	www.britishbattles.com /great-boer-war/magersfontein.htm (1696 words)

	Battle of Modder River - The Boer War
		British tactics, little changed from the Crimea, used at Modder River, Magersfontein, Colenso and Spion Kop were incapable of winning battles against entrenched troops armed with modern magazine rifles.
		De la Rey ordered his commandos to dig trenches along the bank of the Modder River, at the Riet River junction, astride the wrecked railway bridge south of Modder River station.
		• The battle is commemorated by the excellent pipe tune “91st at Modder River”, a reference to the involvement of the 1st Battalion Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders.
	www.britishbattles.com /great-boer-war/modder-river.htm (1665 words)

	[No title]
		The river, slow and muddy, is a smaller Nile; there only wants the long snout and heavy, slug-like form of an old crocodile on the spit of sand in the middle to make the likeness complete.
		The Reit river, flowing almost south and north for some distance parallel to the railway, though a good way east of it, is a strengthening feature for them in that part of the field, and taking advantage of it, they have brought their left well round.
		The infantry advance up the river as if to deliver a frontal attack; but meanwhile the mounted troops, which have started during the night, are to make a wide detour to the right and get round at the back of the Boer position, so as to hem them in.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/5/1/3/15131/15131.txt (22842 words)

	[No title]
		An almost parallel case was furnished by Rostall's orchard at Modder River, which was held by the Boers, and swept for hours by so fearful a fire of shrapnel that the peach-trees were cut down in every direction and scarcely a square foot behind the trenches unmarked by the leaden hail.
		The misrepresentation was to the effect that at the battle of Modder River the house in question was occupied by a number of Boer wounded from Belmont and Graspan in charge of several attendants.
		When we approached Modder River he exclaimed that we were now within range of the Boer guns, and accordingly pulled up the windows as a sort of protection against shells and bullets.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/5/5/2/15520/15520.txt (22699 words)

	Caledon-Modder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		It is situated in the Modder River catchment which has insufficient water resources to meet the growing water requirements.
		The Welbedacht Dam on the Caledon River was constructed as the main storage element of the CMRGWS and water is abstracted from this dam for transfer to Bloemfontein and various smaller users along the way.
		Water from the Caledon River is pumped to Knellpoort Dam from the Tienfontein Pumping Station via a 2 km long canal which is equipped with a silt trap to reduce siltation in the main reservoir.
	www.dwaf.gov.za /orange/Mid_Orange/calmod.htm (528 words)

	South African Military History Society - Journal- LORD METHUEN AND THE BRITISH ADVANCE TO THE MODDER RIVER
		To cite the oft quoted words of Lord Methuen, the battle of Modder River 'was one of the hardest and most trying fights in the annals of the British army.'(77) This citation, if somewhat exaggerated, accurately depicts the battle as a desperate struggle; one fought not just against the Boers, but against the climate.
		It was a 'farewell to the 19th Century, Modder River was the Waterloo of the Victorian Age.'(78) This battle clearly demonstrated the use of nineteenth century military tactics against an enemy armed with twentieth century weapons.
		The Modder River battle was another victory for Methuen and the British, but it was also, relative to the other colonial wars of this era, another extremely costly one.
	rapidttp.com /milhist/vol104sm.html (14914 words)

	Conan-Doyle, The Great Boer War: Chapter IV: The Eve of War
		For some hours the Northamptons under Captain Godley were closely pressed, but a telegram had been despatched to Modder Camp, and the 12th Lancers with the ubiquitous 62nd Battery were sent to their assistance.
		A very essential addition was that of the 12th Lancers and of G battery of Horse Artillery, which would increase the mobility of the force and make it possible for the General to follow up a blow after he had struck it.
		There are some who think that, had we held on there as we did at the Modder River, the enemy would again have been accommodating enough to make way for us during the night, and the morning would have found the road clear to Kimberley.
	www.pinetreeweb.com /conan-doyle-chapter-09.htm (4464 words)

	Battle Honours of The Royal Canadian Regiment
		Prior to this a scouting party went to the river and decided it was not capable of being forded and the officer in charge, in the river was seized by a cramp and was lost in the river.
		Pisciatello is a river in Northern Italy North of Rimini on the edge of the Po Valley.
		As a follow-up after the Lamone River The Regiment was ordered to establish a bridgehead across the Fosso Vecchio and the assault across the Vecchio commenced at 0200 hrs December 12, 1944.
	novembercoy.tripod.com /BattleHonours.htm (15381 words)

	Battle of Paardeberg Document
		To mislead the enemy and divert attention, Macdonald's brigade, with two squadrons of the 9th Lancers and the 62nd Battery under command, left the Modder camp on Saturday, February 3rd, and marched to Koodosberg Drift, a crossing of the river.
		The drift, or ford, was found to be undefended and was at once seized by Macdonald, who, after pitching camp on the south bank, sent out strong parties across the drift to seize and entrench the Koodosberg and some adjacent hills.
		His right wing was required to wheel round straight on to the river, leaving the left and centre battalions to clear the forward enemy positions from the river bed.
	pw1.netcom.com /~reincke/paardeberg.html (2431 words)

	The South African Knight - Sir Jaap
		After the battle of Kraaipan the commando was involved at the battle of Modder River where General De La Rey introduced new tactics in the way Boer forces were to operate.
		The success at Modder river was such that De La Rey used them to devastating effect a few days later at the Battle of Magersfontein.
		Shortly after this incident peace negotiations started in earnest, with Smuts being recalled to the Transvaal and Jaap, promoted to Combat-General, was to spend the rest of the war leading the commando in the Northern Cape until peace was declared.
	www.angelfire.com /biz4/bigbrian/sirjaap.html (1939 words)

	The Boers worst enemies; Aussies
		While the Canadians and British held the Boers' attention with a frontal attack, the Queenslanders moved in from the flank, using cover as they moved from ridge to ridge, until they were in position to launch a surprise attack on the Boers.
		French drove hard for the Modder River, where a large Boer force was in position.
		Some ran the gauntlet of fire to bring water from the river, while others repaired shattered defenses and dug deeper holes and others went out into the darkness looking for Boer field-gun and machine-gun positions, which they attacked loudly with grenades or silently with knives and bayonets.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-conflicts-periods/other/boers.htm (4145 words)

	Jacobsdal
		The Riet River irrigation settlements start about 3 km west of the town and extend 15 km up to the confluence of the Riet and Modder rivers at Ritchie.
		Due to his precarious position, Cronje was forced to fall back to Bloemfontein along the Modder River.
		He was denied crossing Vendusiedrif due to the British onslaught with the result that the Boers entrenched themselves on both sides of the river.
	www.places.co.za /html/jacobsdal.html (600 words)

	[No title]
		We crossed the Modder River at midnight above Abra-kamskraal, and daybreak found us facing the line of military posts we had been told of, that the English had established all the way from Bloemfontein to the Diamond Mine at Koffiefontein, a distance of sixty miles.
		We were now safely across the much-talked-of Modder River barrier, and, continuing our journey, reached the mineral spring near Lots-hoek by next day, where we fell in with a small commando of fifty or sixty men under a Field-Cornet named Blignault.
		Fifteen hundred men had crossed the river, but they were so beset by enemy columns that they had to return to the Free State with the loss of many men and horses.
	www.ourcivilisation.com /smartboard/shop/reitzd/commando/chap19.htm (3911 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		As the Anglo-Boer War progressed, Capt Danie Theron and his scouts were moved to the western front and the disastrous confrontation between the British forces under Field Marshal Roberts and the Boer forces under General Piet Cronje.
		After a long and hard struggle up the Modder River by the British forces, the siege of Kimberly had finally been broken and Cronje was falling back with a vast train of wagons and many women and children - the families of the Commandos.
		General Cronje almost slipped through the British cordon, but eventually was forced to form a laager by the Modder near Paardeberg, where they dug in ready for a siege.
	www.lycos.com /info/boer-war--anglo-boer-war.html (651 words)

	Blood River: Chapter 9 of 'The Great Trek'
		At the Modder river Pretorius learned how desperate were the straits of the beleaguered trekkers following the death of Maritz, and he hurried on ahead of his wagons with sixty horsemen.
		As the air began to smell of morning the white men watched the pattern of flat-topped thorn-trees on the hills across the river starting to show against the eastern sky, and listened to the birds which began to give chorus before setting off on their daily quest for seeds and insects.
		Hampered by quicksands in the river bed, six more white men were killed at this drift, among them Alexander Biggar who had ridden up to Zululand to avenge the death of his two sons.
	www.ourcivilisation.com /smartboard/shop/ransford/chap9.htm (7592 words)

	Maselspoort Resort
		Maselspoort is an ideally central venue, situated on the shady banks of the Modder River, 23 km outside Bloemfontein and just 13 km from the airport.
		For many years a favorite oasis for Bloemfontein city dwellers, it is easily accessible by road from almost anywhere in the Free State and by air from the Witwatersrand.
		On the banks of the Modder River, 23km east of Bloemfontein.
	www.places.co.za /html/9375.html (181 words)

	River of Joy, Bloemfontein \| Accommodation in Bloemfontein
		The River of Joy Country Guest House is a nature hideaway situated on the Modder River, 1km from the N1.
		The River of Joy Country Guest House is situated on the Modder River with a garden abounding in trees.
		In 1927 the entire observatory was moved to its current location outside of Bloemfontein, known for its excellent weather and atmospheric stability.
	www.freestate-venues.co.za /riverofjoy (367 words)

	28375 Sapper Walter Alldritt, Royal Engineers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Following this battle, Lord Methuen decided to hold his ground along the Modder River to await further developments with regard to the movements of the Boer forces and other British forces in the area [11].
		The Boers retired to the Brandwater Basin, a mountainous district lying between the Wittebergen and Roodebergen Hills and the Caledon River.
		The clasp [MODDER RIVER] was granted to all troops under Lieutenant General Methuen's command who were north of Honey Nest Kloof (exclusive) and south of Magersfontein ridge (exclusive) on the 28
	members.aol.com /reubique/28375.htm (1799 words)

	South African Military History Society - Journal- SEQUEL TO ZWARTKOPPIES - The skirmish at Vet River,1846
		Warden viewed this development with concern, evidently believing that those disturbers of the peace' were intent on crossing the Modder River and invading Kok's territory.(6) He waited until 18 June before setting out for the Modder River from Bloemfontein, taking with him 30 Cape Mounted Riflemen and one six-pounder gun.
		Near the Vet River, were added groups of Bastards and Koranna, bringing his total fighting strength to around 200 men.
		Barrow was sent ahead with the Griqua and CMR with instructions to close on the Boer positions while the rest of the force was spread out along the river bed on either side to protect the flanks.
	rapidttp.com /milhist/vol103sa.html (1725 words)

	Should the strategy of Lord Roberts be judged by the victory at Paardeberg or by the subsequent delay at Bloemfontein? ...
		The second was to go by way of the south bank of the Orange River in the centre of the Cape Colony, and through Springfontein, and the last route was via Kimberley and east across the Modder River.
		As the polluted waters of the Modder took their toll, more and more trains carried in medical supplies instead of the needed materials for the march to Pretoria.
		For his failure to regulate the drinking of water from the polluted Modder River there cannot be any defence, but to say that the epidemic was Roberts's main reason for stopping at Bloemfontein is ridiculous.
	samilitaryhistory.org /vol033eg.html (6599 words)

	Some Account of the Diocese of Bloemfontein, by Archdeacon Crisp
		Between the years 1837 and 1846, a considerable number of the farmers had settled in the country north of the Orange, and between the Riet and Modder rivers.
		On February 3rd, 1848, the sovereignty of her Majesty the Queen of England was proclaimed by Sir Harry Smith, Governor of the Cape Colony, over the whole country between the Orange and the Vaal, and eastward to the Kathlamba, or Drakensberg mountains.
		Among the Diocesan papers is a letter written by him on June 7th, 1850, to the Bishop of Capetown, stating his intention of reserving sites for church buildings in the different villages of the Sovereignty, and promising to endeavour to procure government grants towards the support of clergy.
	anglicanhistory.org /africa/za/crisp_bloem01.html (2048 words)

	Christaan de Wet, Three Years War. Chapter Five.
		On the 11th of February, 1900, a strong contingent of mounted troops, under General French, issued from the camps at Modder River and Koedoesberg.
		This latter was a Kop on the Riet River, about twelve miles to the east of their main camp.
		I despatched General Froneman to hold the river bank, and the sluit' which descended to the river from the north.
	www.pinetreeweb.com /dewet-chapter-05.htm (3805 words)

	Wen-do-lin Traveller`s Rest - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Wen-do-lin is situated 25 km out of Bloemfontein on 7 hectares on the banks of the Modder River.
		Enjoy a perfect rest in peaceful tranquil surroundings, lovely garden and walks, abundant bird life and fishing from the Modder river running through our property.
		Whether you would like to self-cater in Clara's cottage, a two bedroomed, completely furnished cottage, enjoy a breakfast on the veranda overlooking the river, or just need a rest for the night in beds with crisp, clean linen.
	www.stayinsa.co.za /2907.htm (238 words)

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