Modern Moral Philosophy

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	Robertson, Leo Strauss on Early Modern Philosophy
		Since for Strauss modernity had at its beginning a fundamental reformulation of political philosophy, in order to grasp the nature of modernity, and thereby better to understand our contemporary crisis, we are required to return to the early modern political thinkers--those who initiated the project of modern political philosophy.
		Classical moral and political philosophy understood once and for all the primary structures necessary to the moral and political imagination.
		The source of modernity, according to Strauss, lies not in a metaphysical, religious, or even scientific transformation, but rather in an alteration of how political and moral things were understood.
	www.mun.ca /animus/1998vol3/robert3.htm (7533 words)

	Modern philosophy quotes & quotations
		"The modern conservative is engaged in one of man's oldest exercises in moral philosophy; that is, the search for a superior moral justification for selfishness.
		"We are tainted by modern philosophy which has taught us that all is good, whereas evil has polluted everything and in a very real sense all is evil, since nothing is in its proper place.
		There follows a little obscenity here, a dash of philosophy there, considerable whining overall, and a modern satirical novel is born.
	en.thinkexist.com /quotes/with/keyword/modern_philosophy (280 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy
		This volume draws together the final version of Rawls\\rquote lecture notes on the history of modern moral philosophy; it offers probing discussions of Hume, Leibniz, Kant, and Hegel and of the four basic types of moral reasoning--perfectionism, utilitarianism, intuitionism, and Kantian constructivism.
		One can see why John Rawls rejuvenated interest in moral philosophy -- this book is not only a beautifully written, but also a well organized collection of lectures on moral philosophy.
		Utilitarianism, constructivism, intuitionism and perfectionism are all studied carefully as the various moral philosophies produced by these thinkers.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0674004426?v=glance (280 words)

	Charles Butterworth - Publications
		"The Greek Tradition in Ethics and its Encounter with Moral Wisdom in Islam," in Moral and Political Philosophies in the Middle Ages, Proceedings of the Ninth International Congress of Medieval Philosophy, Ottawa,17-22 August, 1992, ed.
		Philosophy, Ethics, and Virtuous Rule: A Study of Averroes' Commentary on Plato's"Republic", Cairo Papers in Social Science, Vol.
		The Political Aspects of Islamic Philosophy, Essays in Honor of Muhsin S. Mahdi, with others, (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992).
	www.bsos.umd.edu /gvpt/faculty/charles_butterworth_pubs.htm (280 words)

	MODERN PHILOSOPHY: The Philosophy of Rationalism
		Gottfried W. von Leibniz (picture), who had a mind of encyclopedic culture, was born in Leipzig where he acquired during his early studies a profound knowledge of philosophy itself and of the history of medieval and modern philosophy and of the mathematical sciences.
		"Philosophy is a perfect knowledge of all that man can know, as well for the conduct of his life as for the preservation of his health and the discovery of all the arts." He seeks a system of thought that possesses the certainty of mathematics independent of Scholastic tradition and theological dogma.
		His philosophy opens to the mind new vistas of philosophic syntheses, and is an invaluable aid to the understanding of later systems.
	radicalacademy.com /adiphilrationalism.htm (3511 words)

	Early Modern Philosophy
		The Modern period in Western philosophy is an era sandwiched between the Renaissance in Europe and the last half of the nineteenth century.
		These authors share a suspicion of appeal to authority or revelation in their works, and the search for absolute certainty in the absence of such sources is perhaps the feature that best defines modern philosophy.
		There is also a great deal of interesting literature on ethics, moral philosophy, political philosophy and aesthetics, but our time is too short to address all of these topics adequately.
	www.kzoo.edu /phil/wolf/modern/mod03A.html (1445 words)

	MODERN PHILOSOPHY: The Philosophy of Rationalism
		"Philosophy is a perfect knowledge of all that man can know, as well for the conduct of his life as for the preservation of his health and the discovery of all the arts." He seeks a system of thought that possesses the certainty of mathematics independent of Scholastic tradition and theological dogma.
		His philosophy opens to the mind new vistas of philosophic syntheses, and is an invaluable aid to the understanding of later systems.
		This is the method adopted in mathematics; Descartes transferred it to philosophy with the intention of constructing metaphysics on a new basis.
	radicalacademy.com /adiphilrationalism.htm (1445 words)

	Virtue Ethics [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Whether they call for a change of emphasis from obligation and the moral ‘ought', or a return to a broad understanding of ethics, or a unifying tradition of practices that generate virtues, their dissatisfaction with the state of modern moral philosophy lay the foundation for change.
		However, it is interesting to note that virtue ethics has influenced modern moral philosophy to an even greater extent.
		Initially, virtue ethics was characterised as a movement rivalling consequentialism and deontology, in that it focused on the central role of concepts such as character and virtue in moral philosophy.
	www.iep.utm.edu /v/virtue.htm (1445 words)

	UWM Philosophy -- Fall 2004 course offerings
		Elizabeth Anscombe’s paper “Modern Moral Philosophy” (1958) simultaneously launched an influential critique of the two dominant traditions in moral philosophy at the time (utilitarianism and Kantianism) and ushered in a period of renewed and vigorous interest in the concepts of virtue, vice, and character which continues to the present time.
		Certainly one cannot achieve an adequate understanding of developments in nineteenth and twentieth century philosophy, whether in metaphysics, epistemology, moral or political philosophy, without a grasp of Kant’s ideas.
		Representative philosophers from ancient, medieval and modern philosophy are dealt with at length, e.g., Plato’s Phaedra, Avicenna’s identity theory and metaphysical scheme, Descartes’ Meditation, and Hume’s Dialogues concerning Natural Religion.
	www.uwm.edu /Dept/Philosophy/blurbfal2004.html (3594 words)

	UCSD Philosophy
		Don Rutherford His interests in early modern philosophy include interests in early modern moral philosophy, especially that of Hobbes, Spinoza, and Leibniz.
		Philosophy of Law (168) is part of the requirements for the Law and Society minor, and several other philosophy courses count toward the elective requirements.
		Gerald Doppelt Besides his interests in philosophy of science, he is interested in issues in political philosophy, especially debates between liberals and communitarians about the nature of liberty, equality, and justice.
	philosophy.ucsd.edu /ethicsLawPolitics.php (3594 words)

	Eldon J. Eisenach, ed.: Mill and the Moral Character of Liberalism
		They show how Mill sought to introduce historical consciousness and social responsibility into all aspects of his moral and political philosophy, and they contrast his vision of a liberal society with current theories of liberal democracy.
		The volume also includes three earlier studies that provide grounds for rethinking how the history of modern liberal philosophy might be written.
		Universally acknowledged for his role in the development of modern liberalism, John Stuart Mill has fallen out of favor with today's moral and political philosophers who fail to read beyond his works Utilitarianism and On Liberty.
	www.psupress.psu.edu /books/titles/0-271-01836-4.html (322 words)

	19th Century Philosophy - Course Details
		We will consider to what extent Hegelian historical phenomenology and Marxist material history accurately locate problems in Kantian philosophy and in modernity, and to what extent they remain explanatorily powerful and plausible, against Nietzsche's criticisms.
		Nietzsche's critical reaction to these efforts will be investigated, in particular as both an anticipation of certain post-modern themes such as the disappearance of the substantial self or agent, the relativity of value, and a partial recovery of the modern primacy of the will.
		Toward the end of the eighteenth century, problems emerged in Kant's account of the natures of knowledge and moral obligation.
	www.aicgs.org /resources/daad/1992005.shtml (366 words)

	Modern Satanism biography .ms
		Modern Satanism is a religion based upon the philosophy of Anton LaVey as outlined in The Satanic Bible and other works.
		The seeds for Modern Satanism were planted in the 1950s, when LaVey and several others formed a group known as the Order of the Trapezoid ; the group worked with a combination of magick and LaVey's hedonistic, egoistic philosophy.
		Satanism has an ethical code in its 9 statements and 11 rules (listed in the Satanic Bible), yet it does not try to convince the reader why the Satanic moral code is superior to and should be chosen over any other.
	laveyan-satanism.biography.ms (366 words)

	Philosophy Graduate Courses - Spring 2002
		This tradition is contrasted with the three competing strains of modern moral theory (Utilitarianism, Kantianism, and Social Contract Theory), and its sources are traced in both a number of classical philosophical writings and in the fabric of everyday moral discourse as exhibited in certain works of literature and film.
		Some critics, notably McDowell and Davidson, suggest we have reason for doubting that the semantic naturalist's project—indeed, that any project in the philosophy of mind with comparable reductive ambitions—will be possible to execute.
		A survey of some central themes and problems in Aristotle's physics and metaphysics, including natural substance and natural science, causality and teleology, form and essence, 'first philosophy' and God.
	philosophy.uchicago.edu /courses/0102/0102springfullGrad.shtml (366 words)

	Penn Philosophy Departmental History
		Early dissertation topics pertained to the history of philosophy (ancient and early modern), ethics, metaphysics and epistemology, and psychology.
		The various branches of philosophy, which included logic, metaphysics, moral philosophy, and natural philosophy, formed the core of the College curriculum [source].
		Throughout the nineteenth century there was a professor of Moral Philosophy, who was typically a clergyman and often the Provost (chief academic officer) of the University.
	www.phil.upenn.edu /history/history.html (1636 words)

	Resources in German Thought
		He is author of Kant’s Moral Religion (1970), Kant’s Rational Theology (1978), Karl Marx (1981), Hegel& Ethical Thought (1990) and Kant’s Ethical Thought (1999), as well as numerous articles on moral and social philosophy and the history of modern philosophy, including several on J.G. Fichte.
		He is the author of Against False Apologetics: Ernst Troeltsch and Wilhelm Herrmann in Conflict (Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck,1998) and is currently writing a book on the moral philosophy of Friedrich Schleiermacher.
		He edited the most recent translation of Hegel& Elements of the Philosophy of Right (1991) and is a general editor of the Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant, in which series he has also collaborated in editing and translating several volumes.
	www.stanford.edu /group/gertho (321 words)

	BookHq: Compare New & Used Books and College Textbooks Prices
		0195116461 : Classics of Philosophy: Modern and Contemporary, Vol.
		0195140915 : Classics of Political and Moral Philosophy
		0195116453 : Classics of Philosophy: Ancient and Medieval, Vol.
	www.bookhq.co.uk /history/c_9700.html (513 words)

	Modern Islamic philosophy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He sought to give philosophy a free-reign, and was keen on Muslims appreciating how the modern nation-state understood law, as opposed ethics; his view being that the shari'ah was a mixture of both ethics and law.
		He was critical of historical Muslim theologies and philosophies for failing to create a moral and ethical worldview based on the values derived from the Qur'an: 'moral values', unlike socioeconomic values, 'are not exhausted at any point in history' but require constant interpretation.
		Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi who is credited with creating modern Islamist political thought in the 20th century, argued that science was itself merely re-discovering that all matter and energy obeys laws, and that Kafir claims that humankind was free of obligation to comprehend and obey such laws, had to be resisted by Muslims.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modern_Islamic_philosophy (1102 words)

	Robertson, Leo Strauss on Early Modern Philosophy
		Since for Strauss modernity had at its beginning a fundamental reformulation of political philosophy, in order to grasp the nature of modernity, and thereby better to understand our contemporary crisis, we are required to return to the early modern political thinkers--those who initiated the project of modern political philosophy.
		The centrality of the political in Strauss's description of modernity as opposed to other descriptions of the modern (such as Heidegger's) rests partially on his view that the question of the best life is the central question for humanity, but more precisely on his understanding of modernity as a specifically moral and political project.
		The source of modernity, according to Strauss, lies not in a metaphysical, religious, or even scientific transformation, but rather in an alteration of how political and moral things were understood.
	www.mun.ca /animus/1998vol3/robert3.htm (7533 words)

	20th WCP: The Ideal of Objectivity in Political Dialogue
		The conceptions of objectivity traditionally employed in liberal democratic political philosophy are not well-suited to play this role because they are insufficiently sensitive to the social and ideological pluralism of modern societies.
		Thus, an objective claim about the nature of justice is one that all members of a society can be expected to accept as reasonable on the basis of their different and conflicting moral and religious views.
		Proponents of the liberatory potential of liberal political philosophy frequently express the hope that this approach can also be modified to address injustices related to gender, race, class, sexuality, and other aspects of social identity.
	www.bu.edu /wcp/Papers/Poli/PoliGrah.htm (2633 words)

	Jewish philosophy : Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy Online
		The confidence of the practitioners of Jewish philosophy in the conceptual vitality and continually renewed moral and spiritual relevance of the tradition is typically the reflex of an existential commitment to that tradition and to the people who are its bearers.
		Symptomatic of that commitment is the prominence and recurrence of the philosophy of Judaism among the concerns of Jewish philosophy.
		Jewish philosophy has over the course of its history been the source of a number of different types of study based on the philosophically relevant ideas of the Hebrew Bible, Rabbinic Law (Halakhah), Rabbinic theology and Rabbinic homiletics, exegesis and hermeneutics (midrash) (see Bible, Hebrew; Halakhah; Theology, Rabbinic; Midrash).
	www.rep.routledge.com /article/J066#J066P1.1 (3145 words)

	Contemporary Moral Philosophy and The Gathas: A Gathic Moral Vision
		Contemporary Moral Philosophy has been an outgrowth of Modern Philosophy and that has been so much the Philosophy of the West, of Europe, Britain, and the US.
		Contemporary Moral Philosophy is a good way in which one today can enter into the great and unending process of wonderment and engagement with the perplexities of humanity.
		Philosophy again is both a field of study and such understanding as offered by the study, or understanding that is "philosophical".
	www.malch.com /arshiya/a-items/cmp&G.html (6880 words)

	ETHICS, MORAL CHARACTER AND AUTHENTIC TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP
		To guide moral actions, modern Western ethics marks a change in Western tradition in its articulation of ethical criteria It is inspired by science (as opposed to custom or religion) and it places emphasis upon rules or principles to be followed in concrete situations (rather than virtues or character).
		Similar themes are sounded in areas of modern existentialist philosophy exemplified by Camus, Sarte and Marcel.
		The ethics of leadership rests upon three pillars: (1) the moral character of the leader, (2) the ethical values embedded in the leader’s vision, articulation, and program which followers either embrace or reject, and (3) the morality of the processes of social ethical choice and action that leaders and followers engage in and collectively pursue.
	cls.binghamton.edu /BassSteid.html (13471 words)

	CHAPTER V
		Anscombe, G.E.M. 1958 "Modern Moral Philosophy." Philosophy, 33:1-19.
		In contemporary moral philosophy a renewed interest in virtue ethics has been revived by such thinkers as Philippa Foot (1972, 1978), James Wallace (1978), Alasdair MacIntyre (1981), Roger Crisp (1996), and G.E.M. Anscombe (1958) to name but a few.
		When Placide Tempels (1959) equated the Bantu notion of being with force (vital force), he was picturing the kind of interaction or the kind of relationship that exists in the Bantu universe of ntu or being.
	www.crvp.org /book/Series02/II-7/chapter_v.htm (13471 words)

	Analytic philosophy -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Epictetus, who died in about AD 135, was associated with the moral philosophy of the Stoics.
		Both modern philosophy and modern mathematics began with the work of René Descartes.
		also called Linguistic philosophy a movement, dominant in Anglo-U.S. philosophy in the 20th century, distinguished by its method, which has focused upon language and the analysis of the concepts expressed by it.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9108676&query=analytic (13471 words)

	Immanuel Kant (1724 - 1804)
		Kant's philosophy of nature and human nature is one of the most important historical sources of the modern conceptual relativism that dominated the intellectual life of the 20th century—though it is likely that Kant would reject relativism in most of its more radical modern forms.
		Related: enlightenment - modernism - sublime - aesthetics - philosophy - judgment
		Kant is also well-known and very influential for his moral philosophy.
	www.jahsonic.com /ImmanuelKant.html (931 words)

	Olin Center, Lecture Series. The Virtues of Modern Democracy. 1994-1995.
		The lecture series for 1994-95, on "The Virtues of Modern Democracy," will address the growing concern about the moral condition of American life, both public and private.
		Character and virtue were once the major focus of moral and political philosophy.
		Indeed, the free pursuit of private happiness, especially under modern egalitarian conditions, may undermine institutions that cultivate virtue and practices that teach self-command.
	olincenter.uchicago.edu /virtmoddem.html (931 words)

	Notes on Subjectivism
		David Hume (1711-1776) was the most important English-speaking philosopher of the "modern period" in philosophy (roughly 1400-1900).
		Moral subjectivism is the view that reason doesn’t apply to morality; that morality is a matter of feeling, not thinking.
		Two versions of moral subjectivism are simple subjectivism and emotivism.
	instruct.westvalley.edu /lafave/SUBJ.html (931 words)

	Donald Morrison, Scholarly Interests Report, Rice University
		In the thirty years since Rawls introduced the term "perfectionism" into modern moral and political philosophy, its use and meaning have evolved remarkably.
		In the thirty years since Rawls introduced the term "perfectionism" into recent moral and political philosophy, the term's use and meaning has evolved remarkably.
		The project is aimed at historians of science, as well as at philosophers and historians of philosophy.
	cohesion.rice.edu /administration/fis/report/FacultyDetail.cfm?DivID=1&DeptID=21&RiceID=356 (931 words)

	Sample Chapter for Ober, J.: Athenian Legacies: Essays on the Politics of Going On Together.
		At the heart of the tensions that defined Athenian political life, and thus the lives and moral-political psychologies of individual Athenians, was the contrast between an outwards-looking "centrifugal" push toward social diversity and an inwards-looking "centripetal" pull towards political coherence.
		In modern political theory there is a tendency to emphasize two primary sites of tension: between the state and the individual as "rights-holder," and between the state and groups within it that lay claim to special rights or recognition (see chapter 4).
		To pose the historical question of how going on together was possible for the Athenians, without assuming that "false consciousness" provides an easy answer, is to assert the moral equality and capacity for agency of people who were constrained in their choices (even the juridically unfree).
	www.pupress.princeton.edu /chapters/s8077.html (9228 words)

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In the News (Sun 27 Dec 09)