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Topic: Modern architecture

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	Modern architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Modern architecture is a broad term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics, primarily the simplification of form and the elimination of ornament, that first arose around 1900.
		Some historians see the evolution of modern architecture as a social matter, closely tied to the project of Modernity and hence to the Enlightenment, a result of social and political revolutions.
		Others see modern architecture as primarily driven by technological and engineering developments, and it's plainly true that the availability of new materials such as iron, steel, concrete and glass drove the invention of new building techniques as part of the Industrial Revolution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modern_architecture (1028 words)

	Architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In every usage, an architecture may be seen as a subjective mapping from a human perspective (that of the user in the case of abstract or physical artifacts) to the elements or components of some kind of structure or system, which preserves the relationships among the elements or components.
		Vitruvius states: "Architecture is a science, arising out of many other sciences, and adorned with much and varied learning: by the help of which a judgement is formed of those works which are the result of other arts." He adds that an architect should be well versed in fields such as music and astronomy.
		In many ancient civilisations such as the Egyptians' and Mesopotamians' architecture and urbanism reflected the constant engagement with the divine and the supernatural, while in other ancient cultures such as Iran architecture and urban planning was used to exemplify the power of the state.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Architecture (1841 words)

	MSN Encarta - Modern Architecture
		Modern architecture originated in the United States and Europe and spread from there to the rest of the world.
		Among notable early modern architectural projects are exuberant and richly decorated buildings in Glasgow, Scotland, by Charles Rennie Mackintosh; imaginative designs for a city of the future by Italian visionary Antonio Sant’Elia; and houses with flowing interior spaces and projecting roofs by the American pioneer of modernism, Frank Lloyd Wright.
		He attributed his new architectural concepts to educational building blocks he had played with as a child, to Japanese architecture, and to the prairie landscape on which many of his houses were built.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761595616/Modern_Architecture.html (1207 words)

	MSN Encarta - Modern Architecture
		For the developing world, reliance on Western modern architecture was neither cost-effective nor responsive to the particular histories, building traditions, and living and working patterns of inhabitants.
		In many cases, industrializing nations adopted Western modernism primarily because it was a symbol of modernity, and jettisoned local building traditions on its behalf.
		While the International Style continued to dominate the world of architecture through the 1960s, only in the 1970s did it become apparent that the International Style and modern architecture were not necessarily the same.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761595616_5/Modern_Architecture.html (1995 words)

	modern architecture. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		new architectural style that emerged in many Western countries in the decade after World War I. It was based on the “rational” use of modern materials, the principles of functionalist planning, and the rejection of historical precedent and ornament.
		The visual aesthetic of modern architecture was largely inspired by the machine and by abstract painting and sculpture.
		Increasingly, during the 1950s, modern architecture was criticized for its sterility, its “institutional” anonymity, and its disregard for regional building traditions.
	www.bartleby.com /65/mo/modarch.html (1020 words)

	Modern architecture
		While modern architecture started with the Crystal Palace in 1851 and continued up to art nouveau, modernist architecture started in the 1920s when the straight line, the rejection of ornament and the form follows function credo had come full speed.
		Modernist architecture is usually characterised by a rejection of historical styles as a source of architectural form, an adoption of the machine aesthetic and an adoption of expressed structure.
		The exact characteristics and origins of modern architecture are still open to interpretation and debate, but it's generally accepted that modernism was superseded by postmodernism and is now regarded as a historical style.
	www.jahsonic.com /ModernArchitecture.html (989 words)

	Modern Architecture Info - Encyclopedia WikiWhat.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Modern Architecture is the term given to the range of approaches in architecture, first appearing at the beginning of the 20th century, that rejected historic precedent as a source of architectural inspiration and considered function as the prime generator of form, employing materials and technology in a honest way.
		Modern architecture was disseminated through individuals(Le Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, Frank Lloyd Wright), movements (De Stijl, Art Nouveau) and schools (Bauhaus).
		A criticism of Modern Architecture began from the 1960s on the grounds that it was universal,sterile, elitist and lacked meaning.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/m/mo/modern_architecture.html (547 words)

	Archpedia - Modern Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Modern movement was an attempt to create a nonhistorical architecture of functionalism in which a new sense of space would be created with the help of modern materials.
		A reaction against the stylistic pluralism of the 19th century, the Modern movement was also coloured by the belief that the 20th century had given birth to "modern man," who would need a radically new kind of architecture.
		In France, Tony Garnier caught the modern currents in materials, structure, and composition when he evolved his masterful plan for a Cité industrielle (1901-04), published in 1917, in which reinforced concrete was to be used to create a modern city of modern buildings.
	www.archpedia.com /Styles-Modern-1.html (841 words)

	MODERN ARCHITECTURE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Architecture that can truly be called "modern" did not appear until the end of World War I. The seeds for modernism, however, were planted in the early 19th century, with the development of a new attitude toward the relationship between a building's form and function.
		Architecture during the 1800's did not progress in the same manner as painting or sculpture.
		American architecture between 1915 and 1940 was mostly in the hands of builders and academians.
	www.felsted.essex.sch.uk /~nlo/ASHoAFINAL/modernarchitecture.htm (452 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| The Guardian \| Stephen Moss on modern architecture
		I had come to see Till, professor of architecture at the University of Sheffield, because of his remarks in a recent survey of modern architecture.
		Modern architecture is modern architecture and goes with the time; it will always be modern and goes back as far as Crystal Palace.
		Architecture is surely the here and now, not that monument shrouded in mist in the distance.
	www.guardian.co.uk /saturday_review/story/0,3605,559761,00.html (1475 words)

	Architecture in China
		Topping the roll call of the architectural stars who are drumming up Middle Kingdom business include the fabled Pei family, which just completed Bank of China's new Beijing headquarters and has, among other projects, drafted a master plan to redevelop Chengdu's Tianfu Square, second in size only to Tiananmen.
		Michael Graves, perhaps the only architect ever named GQ Man of the Year (1997) has ambitious plans for the modern refurbishing of an old brownstone along Shanghai's Bund (the waterfront area that was China's Wall Street).
		Architectural fees are typically 20% to 30% of those in the West - and there is no guarantee of being paid.
	www.gluckman.com /ArchChina.html (2686 words)

	moham.html
		Roscoe was born in Winnipeg and after returning from service in WW II studied architecture at the University of Manitoba where he acquired an enthusiasm for the most advanced architectural ideas.
		Modern architecture and city planning, influenced by new technology and mass production, were dealing with increasingly complex social needs.
		One of the important characteristics of modern architectural works is the use of expanses of glass.
	www.interlog.com /~urbanism/moham.html (2276 words)

	Modern Architecture - Stormfront White Nationalist Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		I am sure that by "modern" architecture and "modern" painting, etc., you are referring basically to the arts that started developing in the latter part of the 19th century and went on in full force during the20th.
		Architecture is an art because the architectural artifacts have some esthetic ethos [character; mood], such as it found also in the "minor" arts [fashion; utensils; interior decorations; gardens; etc.]
		To me, modern crap is the use of asian/mexican motifs in the midst of classic architecture, or those idiotic abstract sculptures- dangling from ceilings or planted in courtyards- that are meant to engage the occupants.
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?p=2383680 (1938 words)

	Modern Modular - modern contemporary architecture for a broad audience by building prefab
		We bring modern and contemporary architecture to a wide audience by making it affordable and keeping it simple.
		We have simplified the process of selecting and building modern architecture - architecture that reflects contempoary tastes, environmental sensitivity, and modern technology.
		We are extremely excited about the homes we offer, and about challenging the convential notion that modern architecture is exclusive to those of means.
	www.modern-modular.com (89 words)

	Modern Movement Architecture in Tanzania around Independence
		Modern Architecture appeared as a new and double faced phenomenon in architecture and urbanism in East Africa during the 1950’s and 1960’s.
		At the end of the colonial period (1950’s) this architecture was often the preferred expression of the intended colonial welfare state, whereas after Independence (1960’s) the new state and its institutions relied upon it to convey the hope, strength and optimism of the new African nation.
		Almeida was one of the first to introduce Modern Architecture in his country; he produced a large quantity of high quality buildings throughout the founding period of the Tanzanian nation.
	www.architectafrica.com /bin1/tanzania-01.html (1276 words)

	... About Japan: Architecture
		Miwa Hiroshi's article on "The History and Future of Wooden Architecture in Kansai", for example, provides a good comprehensive overview examining the extensive use of wood as a building material in traditional Japan.
		Major examples of Buddhist temple architecture at Horyuji (the oldest wooden building in the world), Todaiji (the largest wooden building in Japan) and Toji (which houses Japan's tallest pagoda) are also described.
		Likewise the Kansai Digital Archives houses a database preserving pictorial examples of historical architecture found in some eighteen different towns and cities in the Kansai plains area of south-central Honshu.
	www.csuohio.edu /history/japan/japan16.html (468 words)

	Modern Architecture, Houses
		After WWII, variations on the modern style became the prominent form of building for suburban neighborhoods and large tracts of standardized middle-class housing throughout the U.S. between 1950 and 1980, mirroring the modern movement and the more prominent International style.
		Modern houses included the California ranch, raised ranch, split-level, and "sea ranch" after the 1950s.
		By the 1980s architects and developers were beginning to move away from modern forms, favoring instead a revived interest in past styles and ornamentation -- the postmodern era had begun.
	jan.ucc.nau.edu /~twp/architecture/modern (265 words)

	ArtSource Architecture Resources
		Archiseek is an online architecture resource with nearly 12,000 pages of information on many different aspects of architecture.
		Arcology is a term coined by Paolo Soleri to describe the concept of architecture and ecology working as on integral process to produce new urban habitats.
		Arcosanti, a project of the nonprofit Cosanti Foundation, is a prototype arcology for 5,000 people, combining compact urban structure with large-scale, solar greenhouses on 20 acres of a 4,000 acre preserve.
	www.ilpi.com /artsource/architecture.html (164 words)

	Bali Modern Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The "Bali-Style" of architecture and interior design is renowned and increasingly popular the world over.
		In this chapter, we explain the connection between religion and architecture in traditional Balinese design, trace the development of new styles in both commercial and residential buildings and see how a thoroughly modern, international architectural form has been born.
		Today's gardens seem to have taken this style one step further: firstly, they are designed more to complement the architecture that they are attached too, and, secondly, there is more order and definition in the planting.
	www.99bali.com /architecture/bali_modern.html (384 words)

	Post Modern Architecture
		One was the sacrifice of the city: the great modern towers abandoned the city as much as their medieval prototype towers withdrew and dominated the Italian hill-towns.
		The third was the sacrifice of history: modern architecture believed for a good while that it had no past, only a future.
		Finally, Robert Venturi's Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture, written in Rome in 1962 and published by the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1966, argued that the American city had a logic and a strength that should be frankly incorporated in contemporary style, rather than papered over.
	www.pitt.edu /~tokerism/0040/syl/src1206.html (582 words)

	Amazon.com: Modern Architecture Since 1900: Books: William Curtis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A comprehensive and balanced overview of modern architecture, this edition combines a clear general outline with masterly analysis and interpretation of individual buildings.
		Modern Architecture since 1900 is an impressive overview, delving into the late 18th century and 19th century roots as well.
		The student of architecture must have this one in your library and is a must have to anyone covering the field.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0714833568?v=glance (1414 words)

	Syllabus AR 330: MODERN MOVEMENTS IN ARCHITECTURE
		Modern Movements in Architecture is the study of western architecture of the 20
		There will be four tests. These may be both objective and short essay and will include slide identification and/or slide discussion questions. The final grade will be based on the average of the test grades and the report. Class attendance will also be considered.
		Scully, Vincent. Modern Architecture: The Architecture of Democracy. New York: Braxiller, 1961.
	cas.bellevue.edu /wfdata/frame8081-5261/pressrel27.asp?printable=True (413 words)

	Modern Architecture \| Contemporary Architecture \| 20th Century Architecture \| Functional Architecture \| Questia.com ...
		FROM ACADEMIC TO MODERN It is not enough...way to a complex...
		Architecture through the Ages (includes information on modern architecture in "The Revolt against Eclecticism")
		...well-known survey books of modern architecture, there were processes of...gave rise to the nascent modern architecture and the formulation of doctrinaire...considered the...
	www.questia.com /library/art-and-architecture/architecture/modern-architecture.jsp?CRID=modern_architecture&OFFID=se1&KEY=modern_architecture&LID=14585457 (577 words)

	Los Angeles Conservancy Modern Committee - HOME
		The Los Angeles Conservancy Modern Committee is a volunteer group formed in 1984 in response to the rapid destruction of a generation of postwar buildings.
		The Modern Committee's focus is 20th century architecture and related fields which reflect the heritage of Modernism and popular culture.
		The Modern Committee plans tours, exhibitions and lectures, researches and nominates buildings for landmark designation, and serves as an advocate for Modern design.
	www.modcom.org (385 words)

	ART 371 Survey of Modern Western Architecture
		Architecture, of all the arts, is the one most associated with the organization of daily life.
		This historical understanding of architecture encourages the student not only to gain a solid knowledge of modern architectural forms and functions, but also to attain a critical ability to distinguish how architecture influences and is influenced by social, political and economic change.
		If this is the case, the student can expect to have a thorough knowledge of architectural and urban developments beginning in modern Europe and the United States and extending internationally in the last century.
	condor.depaul.edu /~pjaskot/modarch (735 words)

	Modern Architecture: Modernism, Art Deco and the Ranch Style (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Deco more typically refers to decorative styles rather than architecture, and the famous Miami beach houses are better classified as belonging to Modernism or International style.
		Most "modern" architecture all the way through the present day may be consider to be of this style.
		Growing out of the Modern style, but owing as much to the earlier Bungalow, Prairie and Cottage styles is the much-maligned American Ranch home.
	www.ragtime.org /arch/Arch_Mod.html (466 words)

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