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Topic: Modern discovery of Babylonia and Assyria

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Babylonia and Assyria

Art and architecture of Babylonia and Assyria

Babylonia

Assyria and Babylonia contrasted

Kings of Assyria

Geography of Babylonia and Assyria

Proper names of Babylonia and Assyria

Social life in Babylonia and Assyria

History of Babylonia and Assyria

Early princes of Babylonia and Assyria

Sir Austen Henry Layard

Assyria

Babylonian and Assyrian religion

Babylonian

15th century BC

	Assyria - LoveToKnow 1911
		The two great empires, Assyria and Babylon, which grew up on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates, can be separated as little historically as geographically.
		But whereas Assyria takes the first place in the classical accounts to the exclusion of Babylonia, the decipherment of the inscriptions has proved that the converse was really the case, and that, with the exception of some seven or eight centuries, Assyria might be described as a province or dependency of Babylon.
		Not only was Babylonia the mother country, as the tenth chapter of Genesis explicitly states, but the religion and culture, the literature and the characters in which it was contained, the arts and the sciences of the Assyrians were derived from their southern neighbours.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Assyria (173 words)

	Assyria
		In treating of Assyria it is extremely difficult not to speak at the same time of its sister, or rather mother country, Babylonia, as the peoples of these two countries, the Semitic Babylonians and Assyrians, are both ethnographically and linguistically the same race, with identical religion, language, literature, and civilization.
		Geographically, Assyria occupies the northern and middle part of Mesopotamia, situated between the rivers Euphrates and Tigris; while the southern half, extending as far south as the Persian Gulf, constitutes the countries of Babylonia and Chaldea.
		Further valuable help may be obtained from the so-called "Synchronous History" of Babylonia and Assyria, which consists of a brief summary of the relations between the two countries from the earliest times in regard to their respective boundary lines.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/a/assyria.html (9782 words)

	Babylonia
		It is remarkable that Babylonia possesses no bronze period, but passed from copper to iron; though in later ages it learnt the use of bronze from Assyria.
		In North Babylonia we have again, southernmost, the city of Kish, probably the Biblical Cush (Gen., x, 8); its ruins are under the present mound El-Ohemir, eight miles east of Hilla.
		Chus was not a Semite, according to the Biblical account, and it is remarkable that recent discoveries all seem to point to the fact that the original civilization of Babylonia was non-Semitic and the Semitic element only gradually displaced the aborigines and adopted their culture.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/b/babylonia.html (9493 words)

	Babylonia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Babylonia, named for its capital city, Babylon, was an ancient state in the south part of Mesopotamia (in modern Iraq), combining the territories of Sumer and Akkad.
		The invasion of Babylonia by Cyrus was doubtless facilitated by the existence of a disaffected party in the state, as well as by the presence of foreign exiles like the Jews, who had been planted in the midst of the country.
		Astronomy was of old standing in Babylonia, and the standard work on the subject, written from an astrological point of view, later translated into Greek by Berossus, was believed to date from the age of Sargon of Akkad.
	www.link-ex.net /wiki_en/?title=Babylonia (2584 words)

	Oriental
		The account of the discovery and deciphering of the historic remains unearthed in these countries is of fascinating interest, and records one of the greatest scientific triumphs in the annals of Western scholarship.
		Modern Oriental research in the Valley of the Nile began in 1798 with the Egyptian campaign of Napoleon, who with characteristic foresight invited M. Gaspard Monge (1746-1818) with a corps of savants and artists to join the expedition.
		The most important archæological discoveries in Palestine are the inscription of Mesha, King of Moab (ninth century B. C.) found at Dibon by the German missionary Klein in 1868, the Hebrew inscription, probably of the time of Ezechias, found in the Siloam tunnel beneath the hill of Opiel, and the Greek inscription discovered by Clermont-Ganneau.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/or/Oriental.html (2362 words)

	BABYLONIA Y ASSYRIA - Artículo en línea de la información acerca de BABYLONIA Y ASSYRIA
		Assyria was in the throes of a Nab.
		Assyria, however, was aided by civil war in Elam itself; the country was wasted with fire and sword, and its capital Susa or Shushan levelled with the ground,, But the long struggle left Assyria maimed and exhausted.
		He was still reigning in Babylonia in his seventh year, as a contract dated in that year has been discovered at Erech, and an inscription of his, in which he speaks of restoring the ruined temples and their priests, couples Merodach of Babylon with Assur of Nineveh.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /es/AUD_BAI/BABYLONIA_Y_ASSYRIA.html (10958 words)

	The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria
		Assyria went to her downfall at the end of the seventh century before Christ worshipping her national god Aur, whose cult did not cease with the destruction of her national independence.
		Amorites had entered Babylonia in considerable numbers during this period, so that there is but little doubt that his popularity was largely due to their influence, and the tablet containing these names was probably drawn up, or at least had the Semitic equivalents added, towards the beginning of that period.
		Besides Babylonia and Assyria, he was also worshipped in other parts of the Semitic east, especially at Harran, to which city Abraham migrated, scholars say, in consequence of the patron-deity being the same as at Ur of the Chaldees, where he had passed the earlier years of his life.
	www.sacred-texts.com /ane/rbaa.htm (16050 words)

	Modern discovery of Babylonia and Assyria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For many centuries knowledge of Babylonia and Assyria was largely confined to the often dubious classical sources.
		Layard's discovery of the library of Assur-bani-pal put the materials for reconstructing the ancient life and history of Assyria and Babylonia into the hands of scholars.
		Two years later (1880-1881) Rassam was sent to Babylonia, where he discovered the site of the temple of the sun-god of Sippara at Abu-Habba, and so fixed the position of the two Sipparas or Sepharvaim.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modern_discovery_of_Babylonia_and_Assyria (561 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Babylonia
		Babylonia -- Sungir, Shumer, or, in Genesis 10:10, Sennaar.
		Babylonia we have again, southernmost, the city of Kish, probably the Biblical Cush (Genesis 10:8); its ruins are under the present mound El-Ohemir, eight miles east of Hilla.
		Assyria and the Kingdom of Mitanni were its rivals and wellnigh equals.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02179b.htm (10270 words)

	[No title]
		PREFACE xi Assyria, which are intended to serve in part as amplify ing the references to such literary products in the body of the book, and partly to give the reader a view at closer range of literary composition as developed in the Euphrates Valley, and as further carried on in Assyria.
		The cities of Babylonia and Assyria fell into decay, the process being hastened by the material that was used in the construc tion of the buildings.
		The story of how the palaces and temples of Assyria and Babylonia with their rich and varied contents were brought to view through the untiring energy of a long series of explorers, is a most fascinating one.
	fax.libs.uga.edu /DS71xJ39C/1f/civilization_of_babylonia_and_assyria.txt (13795 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Assyria
		Assyria was enjoying a period of tranquillity, which did not last, however, very long; for we find his two sons and successors, Asshur-bel-Kala and Shamshi-Ramman, seeking offensive and defensive alliances with the Kings of Babylonia.
		Assyria, and several thousands of people, as well as all the princes of the royal family, were executed, so that, a few years later Elam disappeared for ever front history.
		Assyria were almost identical with those of Babylonia, the former having been derived from the latter and developed along the same lines.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02007c.htm (10347 words)

	Schulers Books (The Babylonian Story of the Deluge - 1/8)
		Discovery of the Library of the Temple of Nebo at Nineveh.
		Authorities differ in their estimate of the attributes that were assigned to Nebo (Nabu) in Pre-Babylonian times, and cannot decide whether he was a water-god, or a fire-god, or a corn-god, but he was undoubtedly associated with Marduk, either as his son or as a fellow-god.
		The news of the discovery was quickly carried to all parts of the neighbourhood, and as it was impossible to keep the diggings secret any longer, the work was continued openly and by day.
	www.schulers.com /books/ea/b/The_Babylonian_Story_of_the_Deluge (1596 words)

	Babylonia
		Babylonia, named for its capital city, Babylon, was an ancient state in the south part of Mesopotamia (in modern Iraq), combining the territories of Sumer and Akkad.
		The invasion of Babylonia by Cyrus was doubtless facilitated by the existence of a disaffected party in the state, as well as by the presence of foreign exiles like the Jews, who had been planted in the midst of the country.
		Astronomy was of old standing in Babylonia, and the standard work on the subject, written from an astrological point of view, later translated into Greek by Berossus, was believed to date from the age of Sargon of Akkad.
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Places/Place/325740 (3436 words)

	Babylonia and Assyria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Babylonia was a land of merchants and agriculturists; Assyria was an organized camp.
		The Babylonian king remained a priest to the last, under the control of a powerful hierarchy; the Assyrian king was the autocratic general of an army, at whose side stood in early days a feudal nobility, aided from the reign of Tiglath-pileser III onwards by an elaborate bureaucracy.
		Hence the sudden collapse of Assyria when drained of its fighting population in the age of Assur-bani-pal.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Babylonia_and_Assyria (208 words)

	Everyday Life In Babylonia And Assyria
		Babylonia and Assyria covered approximately the region which today is known as Iraq, though some places important in the ancient civilisation are to be found in Turkey and Syria.
		Assyria was now able to reassert its independence, and this period, during the reign of Ashur-uballit I (1365-1330 B.C.), marks the beginning of the emergence of Assyria as one of the great Powers of the ancient Near East.
		The great ancient cities of Assyria and Babylonia had always claimed a degree of independence, and in times of crisis the kings were often forced to recognise this by exempting the citizens from certain forms of taxation and liability to forced labour.
	www.aina.org /books/eliba/eliba.htm (21644 words)

	Commentary on Daniel - Volume 2
		The modern governor of Bagdad, when he issues his edicts, must, like the great Persian king, note down his behest’s in three distinct forms of language, or the Persian, the Turk, and the Arab who submit to his rule will find it difficult to possess themselves of his wishes.
		Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon.
		And the king of Assyria appointed unto Hezekiah, king of Judah, three hundred talents of silver and Thirty Talents of Gold And Hezekiah gave him all the silver that was found in the house of the Lord, and in the treasures of the king’s house.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/calvin/calcom25.viii.xx.html?bcb=0 (3269 words)

	babylonia
		In Babylonia, Assyria, and Aleppo in Syria, he was also the god of oracles and divination.
		Her worship was fervently pursued by the multitude both in Babylonia and Assyria, although she was known under various names in different localities -- Anunit, Nina, Nanna, Innanna, Atar -- even when represented as the consort of Marduk (Babylonia) and of Assur (Assyria).
		Modern, musical rituals to move the "worshippers into the presence of the gods" have their bitter roots in ancient pagan rituals.
	www.farmpride.com /babylonia.html (21720 words)

	Egyptian New Kingdom, Babylonia, Assyria, Hittites, etc.
		Moderns cannot gaze upon the dead face of Alexander or Caesar, but Thutmose III, Ramesses II, and the others lie under glass in their room of the Cairo Museum.
		Assyria was at first kept in check and then in vassalage to this power, one of the more obscure but more important of the Second Millennium BC.
		The discovery of the Hittite Kingdom and its language was an archaeological sensation at a time when the only Hittites anyone was aware of were those of the small states in the Bible.
	www.friesian.com /notes/newking.htm (7982 words)

	F.G. Kenyon, The Bible and Modern Scholarship. London: John Murray (1948)
		But here again the general effect of modern criticism and discovery is the same, the refutation of extravagant anti-traditional speculations and the re-establishment of the main lines of the tradition with fuller knowledge and on a securer basis.
		No reference is made to the epoch-making discoveries of Ras Shamra, which disclose the literature of the Canaanites at the time of the Hebrew invasion and provide the background for the long struggle between the worships of Jehovah and Baal which coloured the whole history of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah.
		Short of the discovery of first-century manuscripts, their traditional first-century dates p52 are confirmed by as strong evidence as it is reasonable to expect; and with the shortening of the period the probabilities, and even the possibilities, of extensive corruption or rehandling are greatly reduced.
	www.tertullian.org /articles/kenyon_bible_and_modern_scholarship.htm (12004 words)

	Religion Babylonia Assyria
		BY THEOPHILUS G. Lecturer in Assyrian at University College, London, Author of "The Old Testament in the Light of the Records of Assyria and Babylonia"; "The Bronze Ornaments of the Palace Gates of Balewat" etc. etc.
		The religion of the Babylonians and Assyrians was the polytheistic faith professed by the peoples inhabiting the Tigris and Euphrates valleys from what may be regarded as the dawn of history until the Christian era began, or, at least, until the inhabitants were brought under the influence of Christianity.
		Boundary-stones in Babylonia were not sacred objects except in so far as they were sculptured with the signs of the gods.
	www.earth-history.com /Babylon/babylon-gods.htm (14283 words)

	MYTHS OF BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA
		Twelve years of brilliant Mesopotamian discovery concluded in 1854, and further excavations had to be suspended until the "seventies" on account of the unsettled political conditions of the ancient land and the difficulties experienced in dealing with Turkish officials.
		The fusion in Babylonia of the peoples of the god and goddess cults was in progress before the dawn of history, as was the case in Egypt and also in southern Europe.
		In Egypt and Babylonia the soil was tilled and its fertility increased by irrigation.
	www2.cddc.vt.edu /gutenberg/1/6/6/5/16653/16653-h/16653-h.htm (16055 words)

	Babylonia, A History of Ancient Babylon
		Babylonia, A history of ancient Babylon (Babylonia) including its cities, laws, kings and legacy to civilization.
		Babylonia (Babylonian Bâbili,"gate of God"; Old Persian Babirush),Was the ancient country of Mesopotamia, known originally as Sumer and later as Sumer and Akkad, lying between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, south of modern Baghdâd, Iraq.
		Babylonia during two centuries, and the culmination of their inroads in the
	history-world.org /babylonia.htm (6321 words)

	BABYLONIAN LAW - Online Information article about BABYLONIAN LAW
		population of Babylonia was of many races from early times and intercommunication between the cities was incessant.
		There is little trace of serfs in Babylonia, unless the muskinu be really a serf.
		A man who bought a slave abroad, might find that he had been stolen or captured from Babylonia, and he had to restore him to his former owner without profit.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /AUD_BAI/BABYLONIAN_LAW.html (6749 words)

	Chapter 19: From Manasseh to the Deuteronomic Reform
		The folly of adhering to a policy of antagonism toward Assyria was apparent, and Manasseh pledged loyalty to his overlords.
		The first move, the refurbishing of the temple which led to the discovery of Deuteronomy, was in itself an act of rebellion.
		ANET (appropriate sections); D. Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1927), II; L. Waterman, Royal Correspondence of the Assyrian Empire (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1930-36), 4 vols.; D. Wiseman, Chronicles of the Chaldaean Kings (625-556 B.C.) (London: The British Museum, 1956).
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/gerald_larue/otll/chap19.html (5416 words)

	Babylonia and Ancient Near Eastern Texts - Britannica Keyed
		There are other Gnostic sects associated which begin really in the garden of Eden where the serpent (a Musical Enchanter) wholly seduced Eve so that "Cain was OF that wicked one." Cain is derived from "A Musical Note" and his family fathered all of the COMMERCIAL and "magical" practices to steal other people's property.
		Strictly speaking, the name should be applied to the land bordering the head of the Persian Gulf between the Arabian desert and the Euphrates delta.
		Words related to the Chaldeans shows that the word is synonynous with "Astrologers, Magi, Sorcerers, and musical magicians" because of their discovery of the god-calling power of ringing brass or vibrating strings.
	www.piney.com /BabIndex.html (1386 words)

	Royalty.nu - History of Iraq - The Assyrians
		The Conquest of Assyria: Excavations in an Antique Land, 1840-1860 by Mogens Trolle Larsen.
		The Civilization of Babylonia and Assyria: Volume One by Morris Jastrow.
		Nineveh and Its Remains: A Narrative of an Expedition to Assyria by Austen Henry Layard.
	www.royalty.nu /MiddleEast/Iraq/Assyria.html (644 words)

	Assyriology Summary
		Sargon II was one of Assyria's last and most powerful kings, although his relatively short reign lasted only from 722 to 705 B.C. He conquered Babylonia, Armenia, and Philistia, and destroyed one of the two adjacent Jewish kingdoms on the shores of the Mediterranean, scattering the famous 10 lost tribes.
		These discoveries earned him the title "Father of Assyriology." Like Botta, he shipped most of the artifacts he found back to his own country, where they were displayed at the British Museum.
		The most spectacular discovery to emerge from Ashurbanipal's library was found by George Smith (1840-1876), a young scholar reading through the tablets at the British Museum.
	www.bookrags.com /Assyriology (2320 words)

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