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Topic: Modernist literature

	Modernist literature - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Modernist literature is the literary form of Modernism and especially High modernism; it should not be confused with modern literature, which is the history of the modern novel and modern poetry.
		Modernist literature was at its height from 1900 to 1940, and featured such authors as T.
		Modernist literature goes beyond the limitations of the Realist novel with its concern for larger factors such as social or historical change; this is largely demonstrated in "stream of consciousness" writing.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modernist_literature (1297 words)

	Modernism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Modernist Movement emerged in the mid-19th century in France and was rooted in the idea that "traditional" forms of art, literature, social organization and daily life had become outdated, and that it was therefore essential to sweep them aside and reinvent culture forever.
		Modernists, in turn, attacked the madness of hurling millions of young men into the hell of war, and the falseness of artistic norms that could not depict the emotional reality of life in the 20th century.
		For this reason many modernists of the post-war generation felt that they were the most important bulwark against totalitarianism, the "canary in the coal mine", whose repression by a government or other group with supposed authority represented a warning that individual liberties were being threatened.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modernism (4943 words)

	Modernism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Modernist literature is characterized chiefly by a rejection of 19th-century traditions and of their consensus between author and reader: conventions of realism...
		Modernist writers tended to see themselves as an avant-garde disengaged from bourgeois values, and disturbed their readers by adopting complex and difficult new forms and styles.
		Modernist writing is predominantly cosmopolitan, and often expresses a sense of urban cultural dislocation, along with an awareness of new anthropological and psychological theories.
	unr.edu /homepage/keniston/engl466/modernism.htm (919 words)

	Commentary Magazine - The Culture of Modernism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		...Modernist literature seems now to be coming to an end, though we can by no means be certain and there are critics who would argue that, given the nature of our society, it cannot come to an end...
		...To condemn modernist literature for a failure to conform to traditional criteria of unity, order, and coherence is, however, quite to miss the point, since, to begin with, it either rejects these criteria or proposes radical new ways of embodying them...
		...Modernist versions of literature do assign to themselves "an evolution of inherent potentialities": there is always the hope for still another breakthrough, always the necessary and preparedfor dialectical leap into still another innovation, always an immanent if by no means gradual progress in the life of a form...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V44I5P50-1.htm (10122 words)

	Modernist literature
		Modernist literature was at its height from 1900 to 1940, and featured such authors as T. Eliot, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, W.B. Yeats, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, H.D., Franz Kafka, Menno ter Braak and Ernest Hemingway.
		In Modernism, Mass Culture and Professionalism Thomas Strychacz argues that modernist writers need to be understood both in their relationship to professional critics and in their relationship to an era and ethos of professionalism.
		In doing so, modernist writers are reproducing one of the main tenets of all professional groups, which is to gain social authority by forming a community around a difficult language inaccessible to the public at large.
	www.jahsonic.com /ModernistLiterature.html (1713 words)

	modernism and modernist poetry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		To repeat a previous simplification: whereas Classicism, Realism and Romanticism all deal with the outside world, contemporary literature, by contrast, is commonly a retreat into the writer's consciousness — to make autonomous creations that incorporate diverse aspects of modern life (Modernism), or free-wheeling creations constructed of a language that largely points to itself (Postmodernism).
		Sales of early Modernist works were laughably small, and it was largely after the Second World War, when the disciples of Modernism rose to positions of influence in the academic and publishing worlds, that Modernism came the lingua franca of the educated classes.
		Literature for them was connoisseurship, a lifetime of deepening familiarity with books which couldn't be summarized in critical theory or packed into three-year undergraduate courses.
	www.textetc.com /aspects/a-modernism.html (2019 words)

	Post-1949 Literature in Taiwan
		It is arguable that, despite the fact that Taiwan's modernist literary movement took place in a "postmodern" period from the standpoint of the West -- in the 1960s and 1970s, the dominant tendency of this movement nevertheless was closest to the early phase of Western modernism in the late 19th century and early 20th century.
		The attacks launched by the nativists on the modernist writers, whose literary ideology was conspicuously apolitical, largely centered on the latter's default of their social responsibilities as members of the intelligentsia.
		As public fervor for both the modernist and the nativist causes subsided, the literary scene of the 1980s became largely dominated by the baby-boom generation, whose vocational visions were drastically different from those of their predecessors.
	www.taiwan.com.au /Soccul/Arts/report12.html (2662 words)

	modernism in literature: modernist poetry
		Modernism in literature is not easily summarised, but the key elements are experimentation, anti-realism, individualism and a stress on the cerebral rather than emotive aspects.
		Modernist writing is challenging, which makes it suitable for academic study.
		Modernist work is often the most accessible of today's poetry, thanks to education, public libraries and a vast critical industry.
	www.poetrymagic.co.uk /modernist.html (377 words)

	Literature
		The Western-influenced modernist literary movement of the 1960s and the popular nativist literary movement of the 1970s may appropriately be regarded as "alternative" and "oppositional" cultural formations in Taiwan during this period.
		As most of the modernist writers advocated artistic autonomy and were politically disengaged, the subversive elements of their works were easily co-opted by more powerful cultural forces and their critical impact was consequently diluted.
		Given that the most noteworthy formal feature popularized by the modernists was the widened distance between author and text, their efforts may be seen as having continued the general trend in modern Chinese literary history away from the traditional expressive view toward the mimetic or imitative means of representation.
	www.gio.gov.tw /taiwan-website/5-gp/yearbook/2002/chpt24-3.htm (6653 words)

	imagining the primitive in naturalist and modernist literature by gina rossetti
		In modernist literature of the twentieth century, however, the primitive separates from Darwinism and becomes aestheticized.
		In much of the literature from this period, the primitive functions as a naive posture for the artist to assume in order to escape the complications of modern life.
		Rossetti ultimately demonstrates that the primitive is not static but rather inconsistent and transformational, the source from which many naturalist and modernist texts project their concerns, fears, and contradictions.
	www.umsystem.edu /upress/fall2005/rossetti.htm (395 words)

	Postmodernist/Modernist Thought
		Modernist thought has privileged the idea of the individual, a person who is assumed to be conscious, whole, self-directing, reflective, unitary, and transparent.
		The modernist's view of the subject often centers on the idea that desire emerges from "lack," and is predicated on the need for keeping desire in check its free-flowing expression being said to be inherently subversive or disruptive in ongoing social activity.
		Modernist thought often sees change in terms of evolutionary theory, in various versions of Darwinian dynamics, particularly in terms of some "invisible hand" at work, or some working out of a logic, as in the Absolute Spirit of Hegel, or in forces of rationalization as in Weber, or in dialectical materialism as in Marx.
	www.soci.niu.edu /~critcrim/papers/drag-pomo.html (8009 words)

	MA in Modernism : Graduate Centre in the School of Humanities : University of Sussex
		The MA is associated with the Centre for Modernist Studies at Sussex.
		The course traces the development of modernist fiction in Britain in the 20th century in its intellectual, cultural and historical context, and in its relationships with the realist tradition, popular culture and postmodernism.
		It explores the relationships between the literature and cinema of the city and considers the idea that modernist writing and the emergent art of film are centred in urban modernity and new forms of consciousness, time and motion.
	www.sussex.ac.uk /gchums/1-2-7-12.html (1553 words)

	Some Attributes of Modernist Literature
		Experimentation in form in order to present differently, afresh, the structure, the connections, and the experience of life (see next point); also, not necessarily in connection with the former, to create a sense of art as artifact, art as 'other' than diurnal reality (art is seen as 'high', as opposed to popular).
		The use of interior or symbolic landscape: the world is moved 'inside', structured symbolically or metaphorically -- as opposed to the Romantic interaction with transcendent forces acting through the exterior world, and Realist representations of the exterior world as a physical, historical, contiguous site of experience.
		David Lodge suggests in Modes of Modern Writing that the realist mode of fiction is based on metonomy, or contiguity, and the modernist mode is based on metaphor, or substitution.
	www.brocku.ca /english/courses/2F55/modernism.html (523 words)

	Bakhtin Circle [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		In the sphere of literature, poetry and the epic represent the centripetal forces within the cultural arena while the novel is the structurally elaborated expression of popular ideologiekritik.
		A voluminous, ideologically motivated, often bad-tempered and largely futile body of literature has grown up to contest the issue one way or another, but since there is no concrete evidence to suggest that the published authors were not responsible for the texts which bear their names, there seems no real case to answer.
		Modernist formal experimentation and the dominance of parody in modernist literature Lukács found to be a reflection of 'bourgeois decay', while Bakhtin strove to reveal its popular-democratic roots.
	www.iep.utm.edu /b/bakhtin.htm (8222 words)

	Modernism
		Highbrow readers were modernists on a quest for "literary" culture, or a notion of culture that transcended mass consumerism and supported the concept of the individual.
		In an age when new cultural forms made the reading of literature less relevant, highbrow readers protected literature from the base masses and clung to the notion that "culture" was synonymous with the literary.
		Middlebrow readers were upwardly-mobile modernists who based their reading choices on the divergent authority of professional book reviewers.
	www2.potsdam.edu /mausdc/class/112/modernism.html (1867 words)

	Amazon.ca: Companion to Modernist Literature and Culture: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A Companion to Modernist Literature and Culture is an essential resource for students and teachers of modernism.
		The volume brings together entries on elements of modernist culture, contemporary intellectual and aesthetic movements, and all the genres of modernist writing and art.
		At its heart are 25 essays on the signal texts of modernist literature, from James Joyce's Ulysses to Zora Neal Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0631204350 (398 words)

	I. Some general ideas of postmodernism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		modernists¡¥ insistence on the special, usually alienated role of artist in his society, or outside of it.
		the whole of literature, from Flaubert to the present day, became the problematics of language."¨ That is, one major preoccupation of the modernists was the problematics, not simply of language, but of the medium of literature.
		Here my assumption is that the focus of modernist literature is not merely the content, the form or the appearance of a piece of artistic or literary work will become the media between authors and readers.
	www.eng.fju.edu.tw /Literary_Criticism/postmodernism/replenishment.htm (1305 words)

	JiggsCasey.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Modernism is the Charles Manson of all Renaissance cocktail party topics in the sphere of literature.
		Firstly, reading Modernist literature requires some intellectual capability and interaction on the part of the reader.
		Secondly, most of the time the author appears to have felt that being a Modernist meant that he or she had a license to be obtuse; in essense, only the author could possibly understand the work he or she produced.
	www.jiggscasey.com /navin/westernlit/wl2.html (190 words)

	Ethics and Aesthetics in European Modernist Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ellison’s study traces the origins of Modernism to the emergence of early German Romanticism from the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, and emphasizes how the passage from Romanticism to Modernism can be followed in the gradual transition from the sublime to the uncanny.
		Arguing that what we call High Modernism cannot be reduced to a religion of beauty, an experimentation with narrative form, or even a reflection on time and consciousness, Ellison demonstrates that Modernist textuality is characterized by the intersection, overlapping, and crossing of aesthetic and ethical issues.
		Beauty and morality relate to each other as antagonists struggling for dominance within the related fields of philosophy and theory on the one hand (Kant, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Freud) and imaginative literature on the other (Baudelaire, Proust, Gide, Conrad, Woolf, Kafka).
	www.literaryencyclopedia.com /php/adpage.php?id=791 (157 words)

	BMRCL Summer 2003 Vol. 4, No. 1
		In modernist literature’s “crisis of the senses,” as Danius calls it, artistic modes of experience could not help but adapt to and exploit the mechanized, accelerating world.
		In her persuasive, well-written exploration of technology’s essential yet underestimated role in high modernism, Danius establishes a vivid picture of the modernist landscape as one where technologically enhanced means of perception became a prominent component of the aesthetic discourse.
		Danius is somewhat less successful in her discussion of the critical theory addressing the modernist intersection of technology, aesthetics, and social issues.
	www.brynmawr.edu /bmrcl/Summer2003/Danius.html (1846 words)

	Example Degree Essays - Literature Essays - Modernist Writing Characters
		This comes from her lack of interaction with the other characters on stage juxtaposed with glimpses of the potential violence contained within a beautiful and rich woman.
		And if mankind passes away, it will only mean that this particular expression is completed and done.'[10] To the modernists, people were striving destructively for a goal that was out of their reach, and in a manner that could not comprehend the world.
		This sense of frustration is ultimately seen in the verbal destruction of the texts which, as language is the unique tool of humans, well reflects the feeling that realisation of the world cannot be found by humans.
	www.degree-essays.com /essays/literatureessays/modernist-writing.html (3493 words)

	What exactly is Modernism in literature? in The AnswerBank: Arts & Literature
		Modernist literature has a tendency to lack traditional chronological narrative, break narrative frames or move from one level of narrative to another without any warning through the words of a number of different narrators.
		Unlike the literature of the 19th century, there is a breaking down of the traditional beginning-middle-end linear narrative in the Modernist novel, leaving an impression of enigma and an open-endedness to the work.
		In the 1930s Modernist writers became more overtly political, especially in their involvement with left-wing causes and their opposition the rise of Fascism in Europe.
	www.theanswerbank.co.uk /Article1264.html (523 words)

	LITERATURE
		Under an European point of view, from the origins of Art Nouveau with the work of Ruskin until the consolidation of a Catalan Modernist literature, a period of 40 years was run.
		This pessimism is reflected in the "Estrofes decadentistes" of Joan Maragall, presented in the Third Modernist Fest in Sitges, Maragall overcame this pessimism influenced by Nietzsche work.
		The Modernist literature was the core from who, the Catalan literature will take a decisive impulse, to be recognized as the same level of other national literatures in Europe.
	www.gaudiallgaudi.com /AL001.htm (515 words)

	Lara Trubowitz, English, The University of Iowa
		In her current book project, Conspiring To Be Civil: Antisemitism, Philosemitism, and the Modernist Moment, she combines modernism and Jewish cultural studies with British cultural and political history to examine the impact of what she calls "civil" antisemitism on modernist literary practice.
		She is also co-editing a collection of essays on philosemitism in twentieth-century politics, film, literature, and popular culture.
		She is currently teaching undergraduate and graduate courses on Jewish-American literature, racism and antisemitism in Anglo-American Modernism, British fascism, and Virginia Woolf.
	www.english.uiowa.edu /faculty/trubowitz (344 words)

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