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	Modoc War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Modoc War was the last of the Indian Wars to occur in California or Oregon.
		The only Modoc casualty was a boy, reported to have been killed when a cannon ball, which he was attempting to open with an axe, exploded.
		The remainder of the band of Modoc Indians, consisting of 39 men, 64 women, and 60 children, as prisoners of war were sent to the Quaw Paw Agency in Indian Territory (Oklahoma).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modoc_War (3145 words)

	Modoc County, California - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Modoc County is a county located in California's far northeast corner, bounded by Oregon to the north and Nevada to the east.
		The Modoc War (or Lava Beds War) of the 1872–73 brought worldwide recognition to Modoc during its protracted battles when over 500 of US Army soldiers were unable to overtake less than 55 Modoc warriors who hid themselves in the lava tubes that are now the Lava Beds National Monument.
		The northern half of the county is the Modoc Plateau, a 1 mile (1.6 km) high expanse of lava flows, cinder cones, juniper flats, pine forests, and seasonal lakes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modoc_County,_California (1371 words)

	Modoc War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Retreating from the battlefield on Lost River to the Lava Beds south of Tule Lake, a small band of Modoc under the leadership of, on the afternoon of November 29 and morning of November 30, killed 18 settlers.
		The only Modoc casualty was a boy, reported to have been killed when a, which he was attempting to open with an axe, exploded.
		The remainder of the band of Modoc Indians, consisting of 39 men, 64 women, and 60 children, as prisoners of war were sent to the in Indian Territory (Oklahoma).
	www.pasadena.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Lava_Beds_War (3049 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument - History & Culture
		The Modocs retaliated by attacking trains along the north shore of Tule Lake, an area that came to be known as "Bloody Point".
		In the Modoc camp, pressures mounted between the war faction, led by Hooker Jim, and the peace faction, led by Captain Jack.
		On learning the Modocs were in the lava flows south of the Stronghold, he sent a patrol of 68 men from the 12th U.S. Infantry and the 4th U.S. Artillery toward Sand Butte (now Hardin Butte).
	www.nps.gov /labe/content/HISTORY_War.htm (2075 words)

	Native Americans - Modoc
		Modoc culture was similar to the culture of the Klamath, but the Modoc did not rely as heavily on the wokas, or water-lily seeds, for food.
		After the Modoc War, the Modoc people were divided; some were sent to Oklahoma (where a few remain), and some to the Klamath Reservation in Oregon.
		A Brief History of the Modoc War Sagebrush-covered lava plateaus and wooded mountains of northern California and southern Oregon were the homeland of the Modoc Indians.
	www.nativeamericans.com /Modoc.htm (1113 words)

	Picture this: Early California
		Muybridge was hired by the government to document the war between the U.S. Army and the Modoc Indians, which took place in the remote reaches of northeast California from 1872 - 1873.
		Following the end of the Civil War in 1865, settlement of the West increased rapidly, and the mass movement of settlers soon led to conflict with the Native Americans.
		For the Modoc, the war resulted in the loss of their ancestral homeland and their traditional way of life.
	www.museumca.org /picturethis/1_9.html (854 words)

	California and the Indian Wars: The Modoc War, 1872-1873
		However, it was complicated by the appearance of the Ghost Dance religion, which (it was believed) protected the Indians from the white man's bullets and stirred many of the young braves to fanatical deeds, the presence of bitter rivalries among tribal leaders, and the leadership talents of Captain Jack Kientopoos.
		Roots of the war went back to 1852, when Indians slaughtered sixty-five whites in a wagon train at Bloody Point, and in retaliation forty-one Modocs were murdered by whites at a peace parley.
		He notes that the campaign against the Modocs was not universally popular among white residents of the region, that it split the Modoc people into opposing camps, and that it was fought in a difficult landscape of mountains and lava beds.
	www.militarymuseum.org /Modoc1.html (940 words)

	Wikinfo \| Modoc War
		In September 1852, the Modoc destroyed an emigrant train at Bloody Point on the east shore of Tule Lake.
		Hearing the news of the attack, Yreka settlers organized a party, under the leadership of Jim Crosby, to go to the scene of the massacre to bury the dead and avenge their death.
		It was Captain Jack's band of Modocs that caused the trouble which precipitated the Modoc War.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Modoc_War (3547 words)

	Modoc War
		Modoc War, 1872–73, series of battles between the Modoc and the U.S. army fought as a result of the attempt to force a group of the Modoc to return to the Klamath Reservation in S Oregon.
		Beginning in Nov., 1872, U.S. soldiers were engaged in sieges against the Modoc who were encamped in the lava beds near Tule Lake, Calif. The soldiers, after losing battle after battle, increased their forces to 1,000 by Mar., 1873.
		Modoc - Modoc, Native North Americans whose language belongs to the Sahaptin-Chinook branch of the...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0833551.html (217 words)

	NARA - Prologue - Winema and the Modoc War
		The Modocs split between those who remained on the reservation under the leadership of Old Schonchin and those who later left and argued that officials were inconsistent and unjust in implementing the policy.
		After the war broke out in November 1872 and tension grew, the government realized that the solution to these problems was to either force the Modocs onto the reservation (which had failed miserably) or to negotiate their return in a peaceful manner.
		Winema's death marked the closing of an era—she was one of the last Modoc War participants to die, and she was one of the first American women to be distinguished by congressional act for her actions in time of war.
	www.archives.gov /publications/prologue/2005/spring/winema.html (5241 words)

	The Modoc Indians: A Native American Saga
		The war resulted in great devastation to the Modoc people—as well as tremendous suffering of military soldiers, the settlers in the land originally inhabited by early Modocs, and the families involved.
		One of the ironic notes of the war was the fact that a separate band of the Modocs known as the Hot Creek band, under the leadership of Shacknasty Jim, wanting no part of Captain Jack's war, set out for the reservation to live in surrender.
		Many accounts of the Modoc War have been set down, but the most succinct, and in its own way moving, was uttered by a Modoc who had endured and survived the war.
	www.cheewa.com /modoc.html (4872 words)

	1873 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		June 4 - Indian Wars: The Modoc War ends with the capture of Captain Jack.
		August 4 - Indian Wars: While protecting a railroad survey party in Montana, the Seventh Cavalry, under Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer, clash for the first time with the Sioux (near the Tongue River; only one man on each side is killed).
		The war ended by July and the British established the Gold Coast Colony.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1873 (1234 words)

	Lava Beds NM: Modoc War (Endnotes)
		A colonel in the 19th Infantry at the outbreak of the Civil War, he was a major general of Volunteers by the end of hostilities.
		Because of the Modoc War, the District of the Lakes was reorganized to include Fort Klamath, and eventually headquarters moved to it from Warner.
		The Army outnumbered the Modocs at least 10 to 1; still, over the years, there had been a tendency to exaggerate to the point where the Army is said to have had 1000 or more troops, an exaggeration of nearly 50 per cent.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/labe/endnotes.htm (9718 words)

	Lava Beds National Monument - History & Culture
		A Modoc living in the soldier camp, she undoubtedly had knowledge about the "affairs of men" on both sides that others had not.
		It is from her, through her descendants, that we come to know much about the Modoc side of the war.
		For 117 years after the Modoc War, Lava Beds was an uninviting place to Modoc descendants; "a cemetery" to some.
	www.nps.gov /labe/content/HISTORY_Oregon.htm (510 words)

	Modoc have long history in Old West
		The Modoc were one of the smaller Indian tribes of the American West, with an estimated 400 to 800 members living in parts of Oregon and California prior to 1800.
		Under the Treaty of 1864, the Modoc ceded their land and were moved to a reservation in Oregon.
		The Army was able to defeat the Modoc after a split in the tribe's ranks prompted one faction to return to the Oregon reservation.
	www.recordonline.com /archive/2002/04/13/mrmodocs.htm (267 words)

	Chronology - Events of the Modoc War - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		April 1870 -- All the Modocs leave Klamath Reservation and return to the Lost River country.
		Petitions from southern Oregon urge the removal of the Modocs to Klamath Reservation.
		For a more detailed timeline of the first phases of the war click here.
	maxpages.com /modocwar/Chronology - !http://www.maxpages.com/modocwar/Chronology (721 words)

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