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Topic: Moenjodaro

	The UNESCO/Japan Trust Fund for the Preservation of World Cultural Heritage: Moenjodaro, Gandhara Monuments - ...
		Moenjodaro, the 4,500-year old city of the Indus civilization, was rediscovered in 1992.
		The salinity of the soil and periodic flooding by the Indus River are the two major causes of deterioration.
		The immediate objectives of the UNESCO/Japan Trust Fund project were to strengthen the Moenjodaro conservation laboratory in terms of equipment and skills and to develop suitable conservation methods for the ancient brick structures.
	www.unesco.org /culture/japan-fit/html_eng/pakistan.shtml (364 words)

	MOENJODARO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Considered one of the earliest and most developed of urban civilizations, Moenjodaro flourished from the third to the middle of the second millennium B.C., when it vanished, leaving only traces of its culture.
		Moenjodaro, along with Harappa - some 800 miles away - formed part of the Indus valley civilizations and it is now generally believed that these were the cities, referred to in the Rigveda, that were destroyed by Aryan invaders.
		Judging from the remains, the Great Hall was probably the most striking of its structures, comprising an open quadrangle with verandahs of four sides, galleries and rooms at the back, a number of halls and a large bathing pool perhaps used for religious or ceremonial bathing.
	www.gerrystravel.com /gtours/newmoenjodaro.html (254 words)

	Operational Projects and International Safeguarding Campaigns: International Campaign for the Safeguarding of ...
		Moenjodaro, located on the right bank of the Indus River, 400 kilometres from Karachi, in Pakistan’s Sindh Province, flourished for about 800 years during the third and second millennium BC.
		Moenjodaro, irreplaceable cultural heritage of mankind, inscribed on the World Heritage List, was given protection under the International Safeguarding Campaign for Moenjodaro (1974-1997) thanks to international support in the form of funds and conservation work co-ordinated by the Master Plan.
		The structural remains of Moenjodaro, which was discovered and excavated in 1922, was threatened with decay by exposure to harsh climatic conditions, floods from the Indus River, deterioration due to salts rising from the shallow water-table, and water- logging.
	www.unesco.org /culture/heritage/tangible/pakistan/html_eng/index_en.shtml (190 words)

	Untitled Document
		The ruins of an immense city, Moenjodaro, which flourished in the valley of the Indus in the 3rd millennium B.C. were inscribed in the World Heritage List in 1980.
		The well-planned city, built mostly in baked brick buildings, having public baths, and a college of priests, elaborate drainage system, soak pits for disposal of sewerage and large state granary, bears testimony that it was a metropolis of great importance, with approximately forty thousand inhabitants, enjoying a well-organized civic, economic, social and cultural life.
		The remarkable structural remains of Moenjodaro, when excavated in the early 20s, were in excellent state of preservation, but the phenomenon of salt efflorescence on them was soon noticed.
	www.un.org.pk /iych/world-hert-pak.htm (1796 words)

	Display Detail Information
		In connection with the international campaigns to safeguard outstanding monuments, an important work will be done beginning in the year of 1976 for safeguarding Moenjodaro which is one of the oldest cradles of ancient civilization.
		Moenjodaro, the remains of the oldest town in Pakistan, was one of the world's first four great civilizations.
		We have to draw the attention of the world-wide public to the dangers that threaten Moenjodaro, the rising groundwater, corrosion by salt and the flooding of the Indus.
	www.pennfamily.org /KSS-USA/760501-1011.html (186 words)

	Moen Jo Daro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Moenjodaro flourished from the third to the middle of the second millenium BC when it vanished, leaving only traces of its culture.
		Moenjodaro, along with Harappa (Punjab province) some 800 miles away-formed part of the Indus valley civilization and it is now generally believed that these were the cities, referred to in the Rigveda that were destroyed by Aryan invader.
		Its main thoroughfares were some 300 feet wide and were crossed by straight streets that formed block 400 yards in length and 200/300 yards in width.
	www.geocities.com /pakistanpoint/moenjodaro.htm (325 words)

	Untitled Document
		The remains of Moenjodaro located on the western bank of the River Indus are exposed to high temperature and excessive moisture - a lethal combination favouring chemical disintegration of materials, and biological attack.
		An expert mission is being undertaken to Moenjodaro, in order to prepare for an international workshop and consultation (24-27 April 2002) at which UNESCO and national experts will be able to discuss matters preliminary to any long-term conservation work to be carried out at the site.
		The proposed sub-regional workshop, to be held in October 2002 at Moenjodaro, will focus on the use of traditional conservation techniques for the preservation of earth, mud brick and brick structures, both standing and excavated.
	www.un.org.pk /iych/state-conserv.htm (1638 words)

	CSC,LLC. - Point of View - Pakistan Page 4
		They engraved a bull on many of their customs seals, may have worshiped water and sculpted phallic symbols resembling those associated with a Hindu god, Shiva.”[6] The baths were superbly constructed, considering the times, and water was delivered into the system by a complex series of elevated water pipes.
		As it should have been, the quickly aging archaeological remains of Moenjodaro have been listed by Unesco in their World Heritage List and remains their prime example of town planning and flawless drainage and water supply schemes.
		[9] “The people of Moenjodaro had the means of surveying in straight lines, surveying straight streets and cutting them at right angels; every Indian schoolchild knows that their bricks are of uniform size.” Shereen Ratnagar, Indian Archaeologist.
	www.chapmanspira.com /pov/Pakistan/Pakistan4.htm (3193 words)

	hackwriters.com - Moenjodaro - Archtectural heritage in Pakistan - Azfar A Khan
		The ruins indicate that Moenjodaro used to be an organized and planned city with master architecture of urban settlement.
		Moenjodaro had intersecting, parallel, straight streets, it also had halls, galleries and a large bathing pool probably used for religious or ceremonial purposes.
		Once you roam around the area surrounding Moenjodaro, you would be startled to see the similarity between various objects used at Moenjodaro 5000 years back and the existing settlements in the area.
	www.hackwriters.com /Moenjodaro.htm (542 words)

	Monumental disaster
		One of the world's greatest ancient wonders, Moenjodaro, is crumbling due to official callousness and corruption.
		Though the budget allocated to preserve the country's heritage is always a pittance, the reasons officials cite for this latest tragedy is the fact that there are no funds at all allocated for the upkeep and maintenance of one of the historical wonders of the world.
		To the dismay of local government officials, they found that a Committee for the Preservation of Moenjodaro had already been established and members were drawing huge salaries from international funds allocated for the Authority for the Preservation of Moenjodaro.
	www.newsline.com.pk /NewsAug2004/expose.htm (1505 words)

	SkyscraperCity - Flash Back:Moenjodaro (Mound of the Dead)
		Moenjodaro (Mound of the Dead) is situated on the West Bank of the river Indus, Sind, Pakistan.
		Covered drainage system in addition to this, soakpits for disposal bins, a large state granary, a spacious pillared hall, a collage of priests, a large and imposing building (probably a palace) and a citadel mound which incorporates in its margin a system of solid burnt brick tower.
		Various objects d'art found at Moenjodaro include burnt clay male and female figurines, and models of bird, a steatite bust a noble man or a priest-king, wearing a loose rob on which the tretoil pattern is engraved and small dancing girl bronze with slim figures and flat negroid features.
	www.skyscrapercity.com /showthread.php?t=138507 (1202 words)

	India Guide. Discover India.
		Moenjodaro is one of the archeological highlights of the world.
		Discovered in 1922, Moenjodaro (in Sindh province, Pakistan) was once a metropolis of great importance, forming part of the Indus Valley Civilization with Harrappa (discovered in 1923 in the southern Punjab), Kot Diji (Sindh), Gandhara (GanthAra) civilization in (NWFP) and in some of part of Potohar, and recently discovered Mehr-Garh (Balochistan).
		Moenjodaro is considered as one of the most spectacular ancient cities of the World.
	www.travelton.com /indus-valley-civilization.htm (280 words)

	Pakistan Travel Web > Destinations > Archaeological Sites > Moenjodaro
		Covered drainage system in addition to this, soakpits for disposal bins, a large state grannary, a spacious pillared hall, a collage of priests, a large and imposing building (probably a palace) and a citadel mound which incorporates in its margin a system of solid burnt brick tower.
		Its destruction was by the hands of invading Aryan hordes, as some historians believe, or was triggered by an earthquake, or flood the remains of which are yet to be established.
		Various objects d'art found at Moenjodaro include burnt clay male and female figurines, and models of bird, a steatite bust a noble man or a priest-king, wearing a loose robe on which the tretoil pattern is engraved and a small dancing girl of bronze with slim figures and flat negroid features.
	www.travel.web.pk /destinations/archaeological_sites/moenjodaro.asp (871 words)

	LARKANA: Conservation, research centre at Moenjodaro planned -DAWN - Local; 15 March, 2004
		LARKANA, March 14: The federal ministry of culture and tourism has decided to establish the Moenjodaro Conservation and Research Centre for the preservation of Indus Valley Civilization remains at Moenjodaro.
		Talking to this correspondent in Moenjodaro on Sunday, archaeology department director-general Fazaldad Kakar said the body with its office at the site would be headed by a full- time director.
		Union council Moenjodaro Nazim Mohib Pirzado met the DG and proposed to him that funds should be deposited with the local branch of the National Bank of Pakistan.
	www.dawn.com /2004/03/15/local15.htm (457 words)

	Moenjodaro \| Travel Story and Pictures from Pakistan
		This is still clearly visible in the ruins of Moenjodaro, around one-hour flight north of Karachi.
		The second thing, perhaps strengthened by the first sensation, was the extreme sense of antiquity, reinforced by the surprisingly good condition in which the (partly restored) ruins are nowadays.
		I was impressed by my visit of Moenjodaro, with Egypt the oldest historical site I have ever seen, because it made so clear that throughout the ages, despite all inventions and advances, basically men have lived the same way for such a long time.
	www.traveladventures.org /continents/asia/moenjodaro.shtml (307 words)

	HERITAGE @ RISK: PAKISTAN
		At least an amulet found in the Bronze Age city of Moenjodaro shows the same type of flat bottom boat, which even can be seen today being used by the Mohanas.
		Some live on their boats near the city of Sukkur, some near Moenjodaro and several on the lake Manchhar, one of the largest sweet water reservoirs of the Indian Subcontinent.
		The city of Moenjodaro is known to the international audience through the UNESCO Campaign Save Moenjodaro, which was successfully closed two years ago.
	www.international.icomos.org /risk/pakis_2000.htm (464 words)

	Master plan for Moenjodaro conservation soon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Talking to Dawn at Moenjodaro on Friday, site director Qasim Ali Qasim said that the plan would be carried out in 10 years at a cost of Rs600 million.
		The plan was due to be submitted with the prime minister on February 18 in a meeting called for the purpose but the Sindh government submitted it on February 23, which delayed the process of handing over sites to Sindh, he said.
		The question is when funds were exclusively for Moenjodaro then why they had been taken away by UNESCO and that was why he disclosed that the federal secretary culture had written to the director general of UNESCO to returning funds.
	www.paktribune.com /news/print.php?id=139621 (451 words)

	South Asian Media Net
		Through the discovery of coins and potteries, archeologists believe that trade and cultural links existed between Moenjodaro and the contemporary civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt.
		Various objects that are found at Moenjodaro include burnt clay male and female figurines, and models of bird, a steatite bust a noble man or a priest-king, wearing a loose robe on which the tretoil pattern is engraved and a small dancing girl of bronze with slim figures and flat negroid features.
		Weather this came as a result of massacre is not certain.
	www.southasianmedia.net /profile/pakistan/history_civilization_moenjodaro.cfm (612 words)

	The Earliest Planned City: Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro: UNESCO Culture Sector
		The Indus civilization, regarded as one of the four greatest ancient civilizations, was founded around 2500 B.C. This is the archaeological site of Moenjodaro in southern Pakistan.
		It is believed they were used to wrap and mark items to be traded with distant Mesopotamia.
		Moenjodaro’s prosperity was founded on rich soil and flood water.
	portal.unesco.org /culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=30373&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (310 words)

	Pakistan - Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro
		The acropolis, set on high embankments, the ramparts, and the lower town, which is laid out according to strict rules, provide evidence of an early system of town planning.
		Moenjodaro [Mohenjo-Daro] is an archaeological site of the Indus Valley, a Harappan civilization (c.
		A major city and commercial center during the Bronze Age, it is the largest Indus Valley settlement.
	worldheritage.heindorffhus.dk /frame-PakistanMoenjodaro.htm (439 words)

	Mohenjo-daro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The language of the Indus Civilization has yet to be deciphered, and the real name of the city as of other excavated cities in Sindh, Punjab and Gujarat, is unknown.
		"Mohenjo-daro" is Sindhi for "Mound of the Dead." (The name is also seen with slight variants such as Moenjodaro.)
		A computer-generated reconstruction has brought a small area of Mohenjo-daro back to life.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Moenjodaro (427 words)

	Indus Civilisation
		It is these trade dividends that enriched the urban populace who developed a new sense of moral honesty, discipline and cleanliness combined with a social stratification in which the priests and the mercantile class dominated the society.
		The picture of high civilization can be gathered only by looking at the city of Moenjodaro, the First Planned City in the World, in which the streets are aligned straight, parallel to each other with cross streets cutting at right angles.
		It is through these wide streets that wheeled carriages, drawn by bulls or asses, moved about, carrying well-adorned persons seated on them appreciating the closely aligned houses made of pucca-bricks, all running straight along the streets.
	www.heritage.gov.pk /html_Pages/indus.html (615 words)

	Pakistan P39, 10 Rupees, Moenjodaro (Mound of the Dead) For Sale (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		View of Moenjodaro "mound of the dead" on reverse.
		Moenjodaro was once a metropolis of great importance, forming part of the Indus Valley Civilization with Harrappa, Kot Diji and Mehr Garh.
		Moenjodaro, one of the most spectacular ancient cities of the world, had mud and baked brick buildings, an elaborate covered drainage system, a large state granary, a spacious pillared hall, a college of priests, a palace and a citadel.
	www.gr8buys-bags.com /i/Pakistan-P39-10-Rupees-Moenjodaro-Mound-of-the-Dead-7705978 (336 words)

	Pilot Guides.com: The Mesopotamian Civilization of Moenjodaro
		One of the people of Pakistan's best kept secrets, the ancient city of Moenjodaro is the most impressive ruin of the 165 Indus Valley sites where ancient people settled on the banks of the fertile Indus River.
		The peak of the mighty city's population of 50,000 was from 2500 to 1500BC, and its name means 'Mound of the Dead'.
		The Moenjodaro society's roots have much in common with early Hinduism.
	www.pilotguides.com /destination_guide/asia/pakistan/moenjodaro.php (853 words)

	PTDC Motel Moenjo Daro Larkana
		Ideal for an overnight stay during visit to Moenjodaro ruins.
		Moenjodaro is also linked by road and railway.
		The payment has to be made to the Travel and Culture Services by Bank transfer or Cash upon arrival.
	www.travel-culture.com /pakistan/ht/PTDC_Motel_Moenjodaro.shtml (265 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Archeaological Museum in Moenjodaro is definitely worth a visit.
		For Moenjodaro, air and train services are available from Karachi.
		Today, after many years of excavation, Moenjodaro has come to be known as one of the most spectacular ancient cities of the world.
	www.orbit6.com /crisf/how/how_india.htm (258 words)

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