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	Muhammad Ali of Egypt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Muhammad Ali was born in the town of Kavala, in the Ottoman Empire (within the present borders of Greece).
		The Mosque of Muhammad Ali in Cairo, Egypt.
		Muhammad Ali died in August 1849, and was buried in the imposing mosque he had commissioned, the Muhammad Ali Mosque, in the Citadel of Cairo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mehemet_Ali_(Egypt) (2060 words)

	Mohammed Ali Pasha of Egypt, Syria & Arabia
		Mohammed Ali Pasha, was born in the year of the Hijrah, 1182, corresponding in the Christian era, to the year, 1769.
		Mohammed Ali Pasha, was born at Kavallë, a small maritime town of Rumelia, in European Turkey.
		Ibrahim Agha, the father of Mohammed Ali, was the chief of police in the town of Kavallë.
	www.sunnah.org /history/mhdalip.htm (3336 words)

	Mohammed Ali Tewfik - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Prince Mohammed Ali Tewfik (Arabic: محمد علي توفيق) (November 9, 1875 - March 18, 1955) was the Heir Presumptive of Egypt from 1892-99 and 1936-1952.
		He was once the President of the Mohammed Ali Club, a social club for the royal, wealthy, and famous people of Egypt.
		Prince Mohammed Ali was the Chief Regent for Farouk of Egypt following the death of King Fuad in 1936.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mohammed_Ali_Tewfik (253 words)

	Mohammed Ali Biography / Biography of Mohammed Ali Biography
		An Ottoman pasha of Egypt, Mohammed Ali (1769-1849) was often known as the father of modern Egypt because of the economic, social, and political changes set in motion during his almost half century of personal rule.
		Mohammed Ali, the son of humble Turkish parents, was born in the Aegean seaport of Kavalla in Macedonia.
		Mohammed Ali had begun the transformation of Egypt from a traditional to a modern society, but it was still administered primarily by and for nonnative Egyptians.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-mohammed-ali/index.html (846 words)

	[No title]
		Ali Pasha was an Albanian, and his family belonged to one of the tribes that had long embraced Mohammedanism.
		Mohammed Ali '(who probably expected aid from France) refused for some time to accede to the requisitions of Turkey and the four powers, and an English fleet, under Admirals Stopford and Napier, proceeded to wrest from him his strongholds on the Syrian coast.
		The Sultan's final firman (February 13, 1841) gave and confirmed to Mohammed Ali for himself and descendants in the direct line the Pashalic of Egypt, one-fourth of its revenues to be paid as tribute to the Porte, and certain naval and military contingents to be supplied on demand.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Mahmud.html (8533 words)

	Buchel Pasha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Although Mohammed Ali was nominally a representative of the Ottoman Sultan he was for all intents and purposes an absolute ruler.
		Mohammed Ali was also an ambitious expansionist whose armies extended his power over Syria, Sudan, Greece and the Arabian Peninsula until by 1839 he controlled a large portion of the Ottoman Empire.
		Mohammed Ali Pasha, was born at Kavallë (now in Greece), a small maritime town of Rumelia, in European Turkey.
	www.1st-texas-cavalry.de /buchelpasha.htm (654 words)

	Mohammad Ali Pasha
		Mohammad Ali was born in 1769 in Kavala, a small Macedonian seaport on the coast of the Aegean Sea in what is known now by Greece.
		Mohammad Ali exterminated the Mamluks, the former ruling oligarchy, in the famous Citadel massacre of 1811.
		According to this agreement Mohammad Ali and his family were granted the hereditary right to rule Egypt and Sudan with the rule of succession to the eldest male in the family given that Egypt remains a part of the Ottoman Empire and that it pays an annual tribute (jizya) to the Ottoman Sultan.
	www.presidency.gov.eg /html/e_mohammad_ali_pasha.html (389 words)

	Muhammad Ali Pasha
		Muhammad Ali was a member of the Ottoman forces left behind in charge of the city of Cairo.
		Now, it was clear that Muhammad Ali, as viceroy of Egypt, was evidently intent on seizing control of the whole Ottoman Empire, a situation that so alarmed Mahmud II that he accepted Russia's offer of military aid (much to the consternation of the British and French Governments).
		Muhammad Ali died insane in August 2, 1849, and was buried in the imposing mosque he had commissioned, the Muhammad Ali Mosque, in the Citadel of Cairo.
	www.touregypt.net /featurestories/muhammadali.htm (3263 words)

	Art History Egypt - History of Art Egypt - Art History Egypt in Ottoman Empire - Ottoman Art History
		Mohammed Ali became pasha of Egypt with some help from his Albanian troops in 1806, five years after the British had left Cairo to the Turks.
		Ali introduced cotton to Egypt History in 1822 and in 1845 Lieutenant Thomas Waghorn carried the mail from Bombay to London in thirty days, which was a record time.
		Europe kept enticing Mohammed Ali and his successors to continue borrowing at the incredibly high interest rates that eventually gave France and England the excuse to foreclose on the Egyptian economy and control all Egyptian life.
	www.easterncorner.com /Egypt.htm (2240 words)

	et - Full Story
		Ali’s private physician ordered small doses of mercury to be administered to the Pasha to control the bouts; historian Mohammed Hakim argues that the treatment was severe and the physician had ordered that the patient abstain from sexual activity.
		Mohammed Ali was deposed in September 1848, and with that his dreams of grandeur for the country came to a crashing end.
		Of Mohammed Ali, she was told that he was Albanian and that she should be proud of his achievements because he had introduced modernity to Egypt.
	www.egypttoday.com /article.aspx?ArticleID=5911 (4098 words)

	Winne.com - Report on Egypt, New dimensions, new frontiers
		Mohammed Ali made himself pasha of Egypt with some help from his Albanian troops in 1806, five years after the British had left Cairo to the Turks.
		By 1808 Mohamed Ali was powerful enough to confiscate all of the land in Egypt, even the lands which were part of an Egyptian organization of religious endowment.
		Mohammed Ali died in August of 1849 and was succeeded by the eldest of his line Abbas I, a grandson.
	www.winne.com /egypt2/bf06.html (3985 words)

	et - Full Story
		In spite of the fact that Mohammed Ali was illiterate — he taught himself how to read and write at the age of 45 — he had a scientific way of thinking that helped him become an uncanny politician and administrator.
		This is reminiscent of the October Revolution’s land reform, with the exception that whereas land during Mohammed Ali’s days belonged to the government, the land distributed by the Revolution was land acquired by force from its owners.
		Mohammed Ali created the structure of the country’s administration, forming diwans (ministries) of interior, foreign affairs, finance, military and education.
	www.egypttoday.com /article.aspx?ArticleID=5891 (784 words)

	Pyramid Society Europe e.V.
		The prophet Mohammed recognized the great importance of the easily satisfied, efficient, strong, noble and medium-sized horses of the desert of Nejd on the Arabian peninsula.
		The Viceroy Mohamed Ali captered many horses during the Wahhabite war, later the royal family spent immense sums of money to get the very best horses out of the desert.
		Mohammed Ali, who started breeding with his horses in his stud of Shoubra near Cairo, was a lover and connoisseur of the noble horses from the desert, this was also his successor Ibrahim Pasha.
	www.pyramidsocietyeurope.de /historie_e.html (1319 words)

	New Page 1
		Mohammed Ali dedicated his rule to the modernization of Egypt by building factories, railways and canals and bringing in European architects and technicians to create a modern state.
		Abbas, grandson and successor of Mohammed Ali opened Egypt to free trade, closing schools and factories and effectively halting the moves towards industrial development and economic self-sufficiency.
		Said Pasha, the son and successor of Abbas, developed the country's infrastructure and initiated the building of the Suez Canal which was completed in 1869 by his successor the Khedive Ismail.
	cim.gov.eg /eradescneweng.asp?which=The+Dynasty+of+Mohammed+Ali+Pasha (249 words)

	youregypt.com forum
		Throughout his reign, however, Mohammed Ali always kept up the pretence of being a loyal representative of the Caliph.
		Mohammed Ali died in 1848 leaving his grandson Abbas to succeed him.
		Canals and bridges were constructed and the cotton industry which had been introduced during the reign of Mohammed Ali, began to flourish as a result of the American Civil war which prevented southern cotton production for the duration of the war.
	www.youregypt.com /forum/rss.php?t=631 (405 words)

	Mohammed Ali Club
		The Khedivial was succeeded by the Mohammed Ali Club so-named in honor of the founder of the dynasty that ruled Egypt since 1805.
		The inclusion of foreigners on the board was in itself a statement by the founders of the club that unlike the chauvinist Gezira across the Nile, the Mohammed Ali was multi-ethnic.
		The Mohammed Ali continued the course as Egypt's exclusive fraternity so much so that it was inevitably written up in countless reviews, social columns, wartime books and family memoirs.
	www.egy.com /landmarks/mohammedaliclub.html (1465 words)

	The Spanish Founder of the Egyptian Artillery Academy, Tuesday, February 18, 1997
		When Mohammed Ali revisited the academy in April 1834, he awarded Don Antonio a diamond studded decoration and the rank of Lewa (General) which carried with it the honorific title of Bey.
		Turkish and French members of Mohammed Ali's retinue resented the pasha's glowing admiration of his favorite officer and a series of palace intrigues erupted to the detriment of an already homesick Don Antonio.
		Mohammed Ali Pasha's attempts to deter Don Antonio from leaving and offers of a promotion and raise were courteously declined.
	www.egy.com /historica/97-02-18.shtml (1530 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - DAMASCUS AFFAIR: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		At that time Damascus, together with Syria, belonged to Mohammed Ali, pasha of Egypt, who had revolted against the authority of his suzerain, the sultan Maḥmud of Constantinople.
		In spite of the stoic courage displayed by the sufferers, Sherif Pasha and Ratti Menton agreed on the guilt of the accused in view of the words resembling a confession that had escaped them in their agony.
		They arrived at Alexandria Aug. 4, and after repeated interviews with Mohammed Ali, obtained from him, on Aug. 28, the unconditional release and recognition of the innocence of the nine prisoners who still remained alive of the thirteen imprisoned.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=22&letter=D (474 words)

	Cairo, Egypt
		In the meantime, an Albanian officer named Mohammed Ali Pasha was appointed ruler of Egypt by the Ottoman Sultan.
		Mohammed Ali Pasha further expanded Egypt and constructed many buildings - all heavily influenced by European architectural design.
		The Mohammed Ali Pasha dynasty was thrown into turmoil when Khedive Said, who ascended to the country's throne in 1854, borrowed a huge sum of money from European countries to dig the Suez Canal, a waterway connecting the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.
	worldfacts.us /Egypt-Cairo.htm (2117 words)

	Christians at Mecca
		Badia was received in state by Mohammed Ali Pasha in Cairo, and joined the caravan for Mecca in December, 1806, travelling by Suez and Jiddah.
		Mohammed Ali Pasha was at Ta'if at the time, and Burckhardt having been recognized by some people who had known him in Cairo, was summoned to the Pasha's presence.
		He was in Mecca during the time of the annual pilgrimage, and there met Mohammed Ali, who enrolled him again in the army, where he took part in the final defeat of the Wahhabis, and twice more visited Mecca before returning to Cairo.
	answering-islam.org.uk /Books/Jeffery/mecca_travel.htm (4545 words)

	Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah, by Richard Burton (appendix6) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In the early part of 1814, Mahomet, inspired by the news of Mohammed Ali Pasha’s success in Al-Hijaz, joined a reinforcement of Albanians, travelled to Suez, touched at Yambu’ and at Jeddah, assisted at the siege and capture of Kunfudah, and was present at its recapture by the Wahhabis.
		Ali Bey is correct in stating that the running is on the return from Arafat, directly after sunset.
		Mohammed Ali gave six dollars for every Arab head, which fact accounts for the heaps that surrounded him.
	etext.library.adelaide.edu.au /b/burton/richard/b97p/appendix6.html (2865 words)

	Muhammad Ali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Muhamamd Ali is noted for establishing the modern Egypt as an independent country.
		Muhammad Ali reached his position by his own skills, and his position was under threat both from the Ottoman sultan as well as from Egyptian groups.
		Ibrahim Pasha becomes regent, but when he dies in November Muhammad Ali's grandson Abbas 1 takes over.
	i-cias.com /e.o/muhammad_ali.htm (550 words)

	JA'AFAR PASIEIA MAZHAR - A WORTHY GOVERNOR-GENERAL - 1865-1871
		The death of the ruthless Musa Pasha Hamdi, Governor-General 1862-65, after a successful defence of the Sudan from the Abyssinian threat of the Emperor Theodore H in 1862, followed shortly after a mutiny of Sudanese troops of the Kassala garrison in November 1864.
		Skilfully contained by the intervention of Sayyid el Hassan Mohammed Osman el Mirghani, the terms for a truce were broken by the province governor, Ibrahim Bey Adham el Mahallawi, in reporting the event to Khartoum, leading to instructions from Cairo for capital punishment to be visited on the mutineer leaders.
		The Hadendoa Sheikh Ibrahim Musa, the Beni Amer Sheikh Hamid Musa and the Shukriya Sheikh Ali Awad el Karim, younger brother of Ahmed, were to be honoured in Cairo by the Viceroy in 1867.
	www.dur.ac.uk /justin.willis/udal.htm (2247 words)

	Egypt State Information Service-General Museums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Palace of Mohammed Ali Pasha witnessed significant events in Egypt's modern history.
		Mohammed Ali started constructing his palace in 1223 H. where his archeological engineer Zul Fuqar Katukhda supervised the building process.
		One of the interesting things that characterized Mohamed Ali Shubra Palace was that it witnessed the first modern lighting system.
	www.sis.gov.eg /En/Arts&Culture/Museums/GeneralMuseums/070301000000000011.htm (435 words)

	MOHAMMED ALI AND HIS HEIRS (1805-92), Egypt Tourist Information and Travel Guide at InfoHub.com
		After the expulsion of the French a power struggle ensued, which was won by Mohammed Ali, an officer in the Albanian Corps of the Ottoman forces.
		The first time was on the occasion of his accession, where he tricked them into a coup attempt; six years later, he dispensed with the rest of the Mamluke leadership, inviting 470 Beys to a feast at the Citadel and slaughtering the lot.
		When Mohammed Ali died insane in 1849, his power greatly reduced after disastrous adventurism in Greece and Syria, he was succeeded by Abbas (1848-54), who closed the country's factories and schools and opened Egypt to free trade, thus delaying the country's industrial development for the next century.
	www.infohub.com /destinations/Africa-&-Middle-East/Egypt/60715.htm (420 words)

	Direct From Egypt
		At first the Shi'a, or "partisans" of Ali, were loyal members of the Muslim umma who simply disagreed with the political decision to bypass Ali.
		The descendants of Mohammed An-Nasir were weak and the Turkish Bahri Mamluke dynasty gradually lost control of the sultanate which was seized by the Circassian Mamluke Barquq who established the Burgi Mamluke dynasty, named after the Mamluke garrison set beneath the Citadel In Cairo.
		Farouk was, amazingly, the first Egyptian ruler of the descendants of Mohammed Ali Pasha to speak fluent Arabic.
	www.nileshop.net /welcome/history.htm (7381 words)

	Mosque of Sultan Hassan
		Mosque of Refa’iBuilt by the mother of Khedive Ismail, grandson of Mohammed Ali Pasha, it was ended by the abdication of King Farouk in 1952.
		The Citadel and Mosque of Mohammed Ali The citadel was built by Saladin for the defense of Cairo.
		Within the walls of the Citadel is the Mosque of Mohammed Ali Pasha, a model of the Blue Mosque in Turkey.
	www.egyptgiftshop.com /islamic_egypt/sultan_hassan.htm (214 words)

	THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF SEPHARDIC JEWS TO THE ECONOMIC AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF EGYPT
		Mohammed Zli Pasha, who was a former officer of the Turkish Army, became Viceroy of Egypt early in the 19th.
		In his efforts to modernise the country, Mohammed Ali Pasha invited foreigners to settle in Egypt in order to contribute to its development.
		As recognition for their efforts, many members of these Jewish families were given the title of "Bey" or "Pasha" by the sovereigns of Egypt.
	www.sefarad.org /publication/lm/035/9.html (1286 words)

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