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Topic: Mohammed Farah Aidid

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	Death of a Warlord: The succession (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Aidid will serve a two-year term as president of the United Somali Congress-Somali National Alliance, whose members are primarily from a sub-clan of the Hawiye clan, one of six in Somalia.
		Mohamed Farah Aidid's militiamen had killed 24 Pakistani soldiers of the UN force, prompting the United Nations to put a price on his head and launch a vain manhunt.
		Analysts said the election of Hussein Aidid was likely to be unpopular among the other clans and sub-clans in the faction because of his youth in a country where age is respected and because it represents a continuation of the dynasty of the Saad sub-clan of the Habr Gedir.
	www.netnomad.com /aydiidson.html (1288 words)

	Somali: From The Dawn of Civilization To The Modern Times
		Aidid had been in the Somali Army; he had known Siad Barre from close quarters and he greatly suffered at Siad Barre's hands for about two decades and so he had a realistic, thrilling and very moving story of his fateful years with Somalia's greatest dictator in history to tell.
		Aidid left India in early December, 1989 to plunge into the patriotic movement of the Somali Opposition parties to oust the Somali dictator Mohamed Siad Barre.
		Aidid's critics and enemies as influenced by the US and the Western media have been saying many derogatory and damaging things against him because of their vested interests and politics.
	www.civicwebs.com /cwvlib/africa/somalia/1994/dawn_of_civilization (1362 words)

	President Aidid's Somalia
		Aidid was obviously seeking international respect, especially from the U.N., which refused any recognition of his transitional government and had ignored its Decree of 12 September 1995, regulating non-governmental organizations and international relief activities.
		Howe failed to understand that Aidid, of all of Somalia's politicians, was the most consistent nationalist and that he was not going to stand aside and allow his country to become an experiment in state building by those ignorant of its political and cultural traditions.
		Aidid is showing that left on their own, the Somalis, as an African people, can return their own country to peace and security and can revive its economy.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /~africa/confrpt/marcus.html (2404 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Mohammed Farah Aidid died last week as he had lived, the apparent victim of gunshot wounds suffered in a battle with a rival clan in lawless Somalia's endless struggle for power.
		His passing is more than a historical footnote for the United States, whose misguided efforts to bring Aidid to heel three years ago ended in disaster and deepened Americans' reluctance to become embroiled in foreign adventures.
		The lesson to be drawn from Mohammed Aidid's thwarting of U.S. aims in Somalia is not that intervention is always wrong, but that its objectives cannot be too broad, or vague, to be achieved with the resources that Americans are willing to devote.
	members.aol.com /vetcenter1/nemesis.htm (507 words)

	BBC News \| AFRICA \| Somalia's thoughtful 'warlord'
		Hussein Aidid carries the same gold-tipped walking stick that was the favourite prop of his late father, General Mohammed Farah Aidid.
		In fact Hussein Aidid's headquarters in the capital, Mogadishu, is now in the crumbling white mansion, Villa Somalia, which was Siad Barre's last refuge before he was toppled from power in January 1991.
		Hussein Aidid is keen to stress he is not in this for confrontation.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1146000/1146654.stm (677 words)

	Commentary Magazine - When, Where & How to Use Force: Learning from Aidid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Bacevich, Andrew J. Saddam Hussein and Mohammed Farah Aidid, in confronting the world's only superpower, employed vastly different methods to vastly different effect.
		...Aidid's reward was not long in coming: the Clinton administration promptly signaled its intention of surrendering the field to the Somali warlord as rapidly as a semi-respectable withdrawal could be arranged...
		...It was Aidid's genius to seize upon this sensitivity, to orchestrate a campaign in which technological superiority counted for little and in which it would be only a matter of time before a minor reverse laid open the flaws of recent American thinking about war...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V96I6P32-1.htm (2774 words)

	Operation Gothic Serpent biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		On June 5, 1993, 24 Pakistani troops in the UN force were killed in an ambush in an area of Mogadishu, controlled by Aidid.
		Aidid remained defiant, and the violence between Somalis and UN troops escalated.
		On the afternoon of October 3, 1993, informed that two leaders of Aidid's clan were at a residence in central Mogadishu, the task force sent 19 aircraft, 12 vehicles, and 160 men to arrest them.
	operation-gothic-serpent.biography.ms (750 words)

	frontline: ambush in mogadishu: readings: learning from aidid...
		It was war in the preferred American style: a high-tech, high-firepower encounter conducted (for the most part) on a battlefield remote from large civilian populations, in which combatants and noncombatants were (for the most part) clearly differentiated, and where the operational goal--liberating Kuwait--had the virtue of being limited and unambiguous.
		As American attack helicopters took to dispersing crowds of angry Somalis by spraying them with the fire of 20-millimeter cannon, the large numbers of dead and wounded--many of them women and children--suggested that the Gulf war's promise of a style of fighting minimizing noncombatant casualties was a long way from fulfillment.
		But all that was nothing compared to the astuteness with which Aidid identified the American "center of gravity"--the point at which Americans are most vulnerable, against which a successful blow will likely have a decisive effect.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ambush/readings/commentary.html (2677 words)

	Harold G. Marcus, President Aidid’s Somalia
		Aidid is a little like saying Patton invented the Sherman tank—or the Soviets invented the light bulb.
		Aidid may be the strong leader Somalia needs, or he may be just an unusually determined and crafty thug.
		Either way, any report of the situation in that country that aims to be truly helpful ought to be less partisan, while academics whose job it is to study the region ought to be more critical in their evaluation of the opinions of observers like Mr.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/33/102.html (2962 words)

	Pursuing Somalian unity
		The Digil and Rahanweyn clans, led by Hassan Mohammed Nur Shargudud, declared a separate administration for the former provinces of Bay and Bakool in the south-west in October 1999.
		Hussein Mohammed Aidid, the son of Mohammed Farah Aidid, who died from gunshot wounds in 1996, heads the Habr-Gedir sub-clan.
		The rival Abgal sub-clan is led by Ali Mahdi Mohammed, who after the 1991 civil war was recognised briefly as interim president of Somalia.
	www.somalilandforum.com /news/all/Somali-Unity.htm (1792 words)

	Mohamed Farrah Aidid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Aidid hindered international food deliveries and attacked U.N. peacekeeping forces in 1992.
		The operation did not go as planned, and 18 American soldiers as well as 500-1000 Somalis died as a result.
		The U.S. withdrew its forces soon after, a move that is debatedly viewed as a signal of weakening American strength on the international front, and the U.N. left Somalia in 1995.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Mohammed_Farah_Aidid.htm (461 words)

	Somalia
		Tensions intensified as different rival factions proclaimed both Mohammed Ali Mahda and Mohammed Farah Aidid as the president of Somalia.
		UN casualties rose as the forces continually encountered guerrilla warfare and constant sniper fire while engaging in firefights with Somalis loyal to Mohammed Farah Aidid.
		Mountain Division at rescuing the ground forces, the UN sent in a rapid relief force consisting of American infantry, four Pakistani tanks, and Malaysian personnel carriers.
	www.campbell.edu /faculty/Slattery/somalia.htm (552 words)

	The Preferred Future Development in Somalia
		That Ambassador Mohammed Farah Aidid himself a distinguished author, has found time to help this project is an indication of His Excellency's personal commitment to this project.
		S.P. Ruhela, the eminent educationalist and sociologist from Jamia Millia Islamia, has contributed with a deep commitment reflected both in the quality of the book as well as his persistence in persuading me to read the manuscript and write a brief foreword.
		Farah Aidid, for her valuable co-operation and warm hospitality to us and to a number of our friends and contributors on innumerable occasions during 1988-89 when these chapters were being planned, written, discussed, edited, re-written and re-edited.
	www.civicwebs.com /cwvlib/africa/somalia/1993/preferred_future_development (2170 words)

	Film/New: Black Hawk Down (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The story recounts the terrible events of October 3rd, 1993, when roughly 100 elite U.S Rangers and Delta Force commandos raided a compound in Mogadishu, Somalia, to arrest several high-ranking lieutenants of Mohammed Farah Aidid.
		Aidid commanded a huge armed militia, and was the most powerful of the numerous Somali warlords.
		After Aidid began seizing international food shipments intended to feed the starving population and attacking U.N peacekeepers, the U.S Army Rangers and Delta Force were sent to Mogadishu to remove him and restore order.
	www.thecityreview.com /blackhaw.html (1617 words)

	Jespersen, David M. “Coalition logistics in Somalia.” Marine Corps Gazette Apr 1994, v78n4, p. 32-34
		ABSTRACT: (Oct. 26) Intense fighting between the rival Somali clans of Gen. Mohammed Farah Aidid and Mohammed Ali Mahdi subsided this evening, but the capital of Mogadishu remained tense after 30 hours of violence that reflected a new willingness by peacekeeping forces to let civil unrest in Somalia run its course.
		The demand has been a main point of friction in the dispute between the UN and Gen. Mohammed Farah Aidid, who has been blamed for attacks on UN peacekeepers.
		Mohammed Farah Aidid has offered to submit to the judgment of a special United Nations investigative commission, even if it means he will have to leave Somalia.
	popp.gmu.edu /peace/lin/j-l.html (18110 words)

	Blackhawk Down (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		when Task Force Ranger attempted to kidnap the aides of a warlord named Mohammed Farah Aidid in an attempt to shift the balance of power in a country ravaged by clan warfare and mass starvation.
		What was intended to be a quick “precision” operation lasting one hour degenerated into a 15 hour siege in which American casualties were 18 killed and 73 wounded, with Somali casualties of at least 500 killed and unknown numbers of combatants and civilians wounded.
		As the Rangers fast rope down from hovering helicopters to provide security for the Delta troopers who have succeeded in capturing Aidid’s lieutenants, the city explodes beneath them and the operation disintegrates into confusion and multiple fights for survival with the Americans having only their small arms and limited helicopter gunship support.
	home.comcast.net /~richhand2/rossireviews/BLACKHAWK-DOWN-Review.html (601 words)

	mogadishu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This essay is about the situation that occurred in Mogadishu, Somalia ten years ago when the United States took force against local warlord Mohammed Farah Aidid, but the situation turned bad for the Americans.
		Their mission was to capture local warlord Mohammed Farah Aidid.
		Weeks later Aidid boasted that he had foreseen the situation and planned for it.
	grassroots.brunnet.net /tantramarhs/democracy/mogadishu.htm (464 words)

	Motor Transport Corps
		After years of rival faction war and the worst African drought of the century, over 300,000 lives were lost.
		The United Nations truce was wrecked by fighting between Mohammed Ali Mahda and Mohammed Farah Aidid.
		Eighteen US soldiers were killed in Mogadishu on October 3, 1993 during a failed raid to capture the warlord Mohammed Farah Aidid.
	www.transchool.eustis.army.mil /museum/SOMALIA.htm (720 words)

	Print Page - Who Was Mohammed Farah Aidiid? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		SOMALIA: From the Dawn of Civilization to the Modern Times" is a joint intellectual venture undertaken by Mohammed Farah Aidid and me during the period Aidid was Somalia's Ambassador to India from 1984 to 1989.
		Aidid was definately more educated than this reer-bari and Geel jire called Abdullahi yusuf.
		Aidid was let down by his own tribe who in someways were stup*d and gready sxb
	www.somaliuk.com /Forums/index.php?action=printpage;topic=1439.0 (3251 words)

	Excerpted from The Journey is the Destination
		My son, Dan Eldon, a Reuters photographer, was stoned to death in Somalia in July 1993 by a mob reacting to the United Nations bombing raid on the suspected headquarters of General Mohammed Farah Aidid.
		Seventeen days later, on July 12,1993, Dan and three colleagues, Hansi Krauss of the Associated Press and Anthony Macharia and Hos Maina of Reuters, were called to the scene of a brutal bombing by United Nations forces of a house believed to be the headquarters of General Aidid.
		When the photographers arrived at the compound and began shooting the bloody carnage, the crowd, enraged at the death or mutilation of over a hundred people, including religious leaders and respected elders of the community, turned on the journalists, stoning and beating them to death.
	www.chroniclebooks.com /Chronicle/excerpt/0811815862-e2.html (1203 words)

	The Head Heeb: Africa - Politics and Law Archives
		Abdi Hassan Awale, also known as Qaybdid, a former Somali colonel and close associate of warlord Mohammed Farah Aidid, has been arrested in Sweden on charges of committing genocide during the country's civil war.
		Among the arrivals were Mohamed Ould Cheikhna and Mohamed Ould Saleck, leading members of the “Knights of Change,” which allegedly carried out coup attempts in 2003 and 2004.
		The junta that took over Mauritania in yesterday's coup is shaping into a colonels' regime, with all but one of the 16-member ruling council being drawn from the senior military and police ranks.
	headheeb.blogmosis.com /archives/cat_africa_politics_and_law.html (11598 words)

	News Briefs
		The U.N. official, who plans to brief members of Congress in Washington next week, laid down a spirited defense of his operation, disparaging Aidid for relying on women and children to attack U.N. positions and accusing private agencies such as the International Committee of the Red Cross of exaggerating the numbers of dead civilians.
		Howe, who once served on the National Security Council staff at the White House, acknowledged that the U.N. peacekeepers lacked experience in dealing with rioting crowds and implied that the United Nations was considering new tactics in suppressing these riots.
		This article may be freely distributed electronically, provided it is distributed in its entirety and includes this notice, but may not be reprinted without the express written permission of The Tech.
	www-tech.mit.edu /V113/N42/briefs1.42w.txt.html (685 words)

	THE MAG: Film Review - 'Black Hawk Down' \| LJWorld.com
		It's October 1993, and the African nation of Somalia is plagued by famine and civil war.
		In one of numerous atrocities, a militia controlled by Somali warlord Mohammed Farah Aidid fires into a starving crowd of civilians that is attempting to access a Red Cross food distribution center in Mogadishu.
		As a response, U.S. forces in the region devise a plan to capture two lieutenants of Aidid's organization.
	www.lawrence.com /news/2002/jan/17/the_mag9?print (727 words)

	NomadNet:Nuruddin Farah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This round of fighting, the heaviest since before the United States-led intervention in December 1992, was started by Ali Mahdi Mohammed, who means to drive his rival, Gen. Mohammed Farah Aidid, out of Mogadishu once and for all.
		In March, as American troops were completing their withdrawal, the U.N. announced that the factions' leaders had signed a peace accord and had agreed on a date for a reconciliation conference.
		The fear now is that the fighting in Mogadishu will spread -- that the clan members will have to shoo the goats off the trucks and remount the guns.
	www.netnomad.com /Leave_Somalia.html (674 words)

	Nubian Voyage (CURRENT ISSUE) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Rangers were pinned down in the most dangerous part of Mogadishu, Somalia and taking casualties.
		What had started out as an operation to capture warlord Mohammed Farah Aidid--turned into a tragic firefight that lasted seventeen hours, left eighteen Americans dead, eighty four wounded and continues to haunt the U.S. military and American foreign policy.
		US officials and Somalis describe the famine, civil war, and the escalating hostilities between UN/U.S. peacekeeping forces and Aidid.
	www.nubianvoyagenetwork.com /CURRENTISSUE_October.html (1025 words)

	Somalia - Hussein Mohammed Aidid
		"Aideed" means "rejector of insults." In Hussein's case, it also means "AWOL." Ironically, Somalia's newest warlord, Hussein Mohammed Aideed, is a corporal in the United States Marine Reserve who served as a translator for the Marines in Somalia in 1992-93, and who has been conspicuously absent from his Pico Rivera, California, artillery unit since 1995.
		Hussein Aideed is the son of the slain General Mohammed Farah Aideed, and once worked as a $9-an-hour municipal clerk for the city of West Covina, California, and graduated from high school there.
		This material is not to be reproduced or transmitted without the written permission of Pelton & Associates, Inc.
	www.comebackalive.com /df/dplaces/somalia/player4.htm (286 words)

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