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Topic: Molality

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	Concentration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Molality (m) denotes the number of moles of a given substance per kilogram of solvent.
		The advantage of molality is, it does not change with the temperature, as it deals with the mass of solvent rather than the volume of solution.
		Molality of a solution is always constant irrespective of the physical conditions like temperature and pressure.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Molality (1780 words)

	Molality Problems
		Molality concentration is defined as the moles of solute divided by kiograms of solvent.
		molality = moles of KCl / kilograms of solvent = 0.5 / 2.9627 = 0.169m
		molality = moles of Sucrose / kilograms of solvent
	members.aol.com /profchm/molality.html (593 words)

	Chemical Sciences: Molar Stoichiometry: Moles of Solutes
		Molality is very useful because it is closely related to the mole fraction yet the amount of solvent is specified in the directly measurable unit of mass.
		Molality is used for dilute solutions, both aqueous and nonaqueous; solutions above a few molal usually have their composition given in mole fractions.
		Molality is used in the most precise solution measurements, however, because the measurement of mass can be carried out with greater precision than can the measurement of volume.
	www.psigate.ac.uk /newsite/reference/plambeck/chem1/p01034.htm (2409 words)

	ChemTeam: Molality
		The molality of a solution is calculated by taking the moles of solute and dividing by the kilograms of solvent.
		However, the molality definition does not have a volume in it and so is independent of any temperature changes.
		Lastly, it is very common for students to confuse the two definitions of molarity and molality.
	dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us /webdocs/Solutions/Molality.html (563 words)

	Molality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		An alternative unit of concentration to molarity is molality.
		The molality of a solute is the number of moles of that solute divided by the weight of the solvent in kilograms.
		For water solutions, 1 kg of water has a volume close to that of 1 liter, so molality and molarity are similar in dilute aqueous solutions.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Sciences/Chemistry/Generalchemistry/Solutions/Solubility/Solutionsindex/Molality/Molality.htm (271 words)

	Chapter 13, Section 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Molarity is defined in terms of the volume of solution, whereas molality is defined in terms of the mass of solvent.
		Given that the density of a solution of 5.0 g of toluene and 225 g of benzene is 0.876 g/mL, calculate (a) the molarity of the solution; (b) the mass percentage of solute.
		Calculate (a) the molality of glycerol; (b) the mole fraction of glycerol; (c) the molarity of glycerol in the solution.
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/blb/chapter13/medialib/blb1302.html (996 words)

	Molality and Molarity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Molality - number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent.
		Molality is different from molarity because molality is about concentration in kilograms of solvent and molarity is about concentration in dm
		Molality is represented by a small 'm', whereas molarity is represented by an upper case 'M'.
	www.standnes.no /chemix/examples/molality-molarity-calculate.htm (133 words)

	The MSDS HyperGlossary: Concentration Units
		Molality is the number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent.
		Molality uses mass rather than volume and uses solvent instead of solution.
		Molality is usually denoted with a small italicized m, i.e.
	www.ilpi.com /msds/ref/concentration.html (1050 words)

	Stoichiometry
		So the molarity (M) of the solution is 0.025 mol/L. Molality is another common measurement of concentration.
		Molality is defined as moles of solute divided by kilograms of solvent (the substance in which it is dissolved, like water).
		Molality is sometimes used in place of molarity at extreme temperatures because the volume can contract or expand.
	www.shodor.org /unchem/basic/stoic/index.html (2519 words)

	Re: Solution concentration expressions-group2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Molality molality is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1000g of solvent.
		The mass of solvent is the critical measure, not its volume.
		it is not necessary to use a volumetric flask to prepare a molal solution.
	vclass.mtsac.edu:920 /chem1a/_disc4/00000093.htm (271 words)

	Freezing Point of 40% Isopropyl
		The change in freezing point of the solution is the freezing point depression constant of water (-1.86 C per mole solute per kilogram solvent) multiplied by the solution's molality.
		The molality of the solution is moles of solute (alcohol) per kilogram of solvent.
		Thus, the molality of the solution is: (6.67 mol alcohol / 0.6 kg) = 11.11 molal.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem00/chem00924.htm (812 words)

	General Chemistry Online: FAQ: Solutions: How is the molality for a solution computed from grams of solute and solvent?
		If the solution is very dilute, you can treat molality and molarity as about the same thing, because 1 L of dilute solution contains about 1 kg of water.
		In concentrated solutions, molality and molarity are NOT equal, and you must know the density (or specific gravity) of the solution to convert one into the other.
		This solution has a molality of 3.00 mol glucose / 0.48 kg water = 6.25 m.
	antoine.frostburg.edu /chem/senese/101/solutions/faq/computing-molality.shtml (351 words)

	Introductory University Chemistry I: Molar Stoichiometry: Moles of Solutes
		Molality is by definition the quotient of the amount of solute substance present, in moles, and the mass of solvent present, in kg.
		Although we shall use no symbol for molality in this section, its usual symbol is m, which is also the symbol for mass.
		To calculate the molal concentration, it is necessary to obtain the mass of water per dm3 of solution, which must be (1.00 - 0.69)(1410 g) = 437.1 g H2O/dm3.
	dwb.unl.edu /Teacher/NSF/C09/C09Links/www.chem.ualberta.ca/courses/plambeck/p101/p01034.htm (2305 words)

	Solutions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		If two solutions of reactants have the same molarity, then you know that if they are mixed with equal volumes, you have the same number of the two reactant species.
		Note the difference from molarity: the denominator is the mass of solvent in molality whereas it is the volume of solution in molarity.
		So even when the solvent is water where 1 liter and 1 kilogram are equivalent, molality and molarity are never quite the same.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/Chemical/solution.html (361 words)

	AWM's Activity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Activity, molar concentration, molality and ionic strength, A and B - parameters of Debye-Hückel formula (for molar concentration and molality)
		C is determined experimentally, however A and B may be calculated from Debye-Hückel theory (below formulas for ionic strength defined as molar concentration, for B the formulas depend also on the units of ion size, e.g.
		Molality is temperature independent value, whereas molar concentration changes with temperature along solution density changes:
	hermes.umcs.lublin.pl /~awmarcz/awm/utils/Activity.htm (356 words)

	Answers to Topic J lecture problems
		This is dissolved in 0.155 kg of water, so the molality of the solution is 0.07598 mol/0.155 kg = 0.4902 mol/kg.
		+ CO Therefore, the effective molality of the solution is 0.4902 x 3 = 1.47 mol/kg.
		This is the molar mass of propanoic acid.
	www.ccsf.edu /Departments/Chemistry/chem101a/lecprob/lp_j_ans.htm (612 words)

	Exercise 49c in Chapter 13: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Where m is the molality of the solution.
		In this case it is the number of moles of solute particles per kilogram of solvent.
		molality = moles of component / (kilograms of solvent)
	research.umbc.edu /~neumann/Chem102/Notes/ch13/prob13p49c.html (450 words)

	Concentration Units (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Firstly, the definition of molality includes only the solvent in its denominator, as opposed to molarity which includes the entire solution.
		Secondly, the definition of molality has the mass of solvent in its denominator, as opposed to the molarity's volume of solution.
		Because mass units are independent of temperature, molality units are also independent of temperature.
	www.chem.selu.edu /help/concentration_units (2232 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The molality of a solution compares the number of moles of solute to the kilograms of solvent in the solution.
		Molality is usually used for solutions that have solvents other than water.
		Before we can plug the numbers into the molality equation, we have to convert grams into kilograms.
	www.alexandria.k12.mn.us /jefferson/class/science/molality.htm (151 words)

	Colligative Properties/mm
		to learn the definition of molality and the importance of molality in colligative property calculations.
		is the freezing point depression constant of the solvent, having units of °C/m, and m is concentration of the solution using units of molality.
		Molality depends on the mass of the solvent, and this does not change with temperature.
	www.owlnet.rice.edu /~chem122/Lab122/ColligProp (1207 words)

	Concentration : Molality
		Molality is used when temperature varies in an exothermic or endothermic reaction because it isn't dependent on temperature or pressure.
		The unit symbol for molality, m, which conflicts with the SI unit meter; the intended unit can be determined by context.
		For example, 5.0 moles dissolved in a 10 mole solution would have a mole fraction concentration of 2.0.
	www.fastload.org /mo/Molality.html (340 words)

	concentration.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Molality (m): This unit of concentration relates the moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
		Molality is often used as the concentration unit involved in calculations dealing with colligative properties, such as freezing point depression, boiling point elevation and osmotic pressure.
		Since molality (m) is defined as the moles of solute per kilogram solvent, it becomes easy to find the molality:
	www.towson.edu /users/ladon/concas.html (821 words)

	Concentration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For example, 5.0 moles of solute dissolved in 1.0 kg of solvent would have a concentration of 5.0 m.
		Molality is used when temperature varies in an exothermic or endothermic reaction because it is not dependent on temperature or pressure.
		The unit symbol for molality, m, "conflicts with the SI unit metre; the intended unit, however, can be determined by context."
	www.wikiverse.org /concentration (468 words)

	Chemistry : Chapter 5 : Molality (m), Equation 5.7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		If you use a density of water values with fewer than four significant figures, the number of significant figures in the overall answer will be the same as that in the density value used.
		In problems of conversion between molality and molarity you will need to be given the density of the solution.
		Notice that although the values for molality and molarity are similar, the value for molality will be slightly less.
	www.wwnorton.com /chemistry/concepts/chapter5/ch5_2.htm (569 words)

	molality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		What is the molality of a solution made by mixing 3.5 moles of solute with 2 kilograms of solvent?
		A solution of potassium hydroxide, KOH, is made by mixing 40 grams of KOH, the solute, in 1000 grams of water, the solvent.
		What is the molality of methanol in solution made by dissolving 32 grams of methanol, CH OH, in 200 grams of water?
	www.wehs.warren.k12.ky.us /WEHS/Departments/Science%20Department/Forsythe%20Pages/Downloadable%20Worksheets/Advanced%20Chemistry/molality (132 words)

	Re: Concentration expressions, Group 2
		The amount of solute appears in the numerator(either in grams, moles or equivalents), and the quantity of solvent or solution is in the denominator(either in mass or volume units).
		Molality is the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 kg (1000g) of solvent.The unit is m.Many physical properties are related to solution concentration expressed as molality.
		Then, we will use molality because it is independant from temperature!Percentage by mass also independant from temperature.
	vclass.mtsac.edu:920 /chem1a/_disc12/0000002a.htm (750 words)

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